refactor(ci): bump ruff target version

[maxrabin]

Issue number: closes #8047

Summary

Update Ruff target Python version from 3.8 to 3.10 to align with version targets defined in Poetry.
Then fix/implement all Ruff lint issues.

Changes

Mostly changes around typing (List -> list, Optional[str] -> str | None)

User experience

Code is more modern and standardized

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[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 98.93390% with 5 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 96.61%. Comparing base (c16f302) to head (c8aab6e).
⚠️ Report is 19 commits behind head on develop.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
aws_lambda_powertools/logging/types.py	0.00%	3 Missing ⚠️
...lambda_powertools/utilities/feature_flags/types.py	0.00%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop    #8048      +/-   ##
===========================================
- Coverage    96.65%   96.61%   -0.05%     
===========================================
  Files          282      282              
  Lines        13775    13523     -252     
  Branches      1096     1096              
===========================================
- Hits         13314    13065     -249     
+ Misses         339      336       -3     
  Partials       122      122              

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[leandrodamascena]

Hey @maxrabin, thanks for putting this together - I like the direction of modernizing the typing syntax (List -> list, Optional[str] -> str | None).

However, I have a few concerns:

1. Too many files at once - this PR touches 100 files which makes it really hard to review properly.
2. Examples will break docs - changing examples/ files will break our documentation snippet highlighting since those are referenced by line numbers.
3. Parser is off-limits - the parser module uses Pydantic models extensively, and changing type annotations there (e.g. Optional[str] to str | None) can cause Pydantic validation failures.

I'm going to close this PR for now, but the issue itself makes total sense I'll keep the issue open and work on splitting this into smaller, reviewable PRs that we can merge incrementally without breaking anything.

If you'd like to be part of this effort, you're more than welcome! Once I split the issue into smaller scoped tasks, feel free to pick any of them up.

Thanks a lot for another amazing idea and contribution.

[maxrabin]

Totally appreciate your concerns, this is obviously something that has to be done carefully.

I'd be very happy to be part of the effort, keep me posted.

I'm a huge fan of this project and I make extensive use of it in every single lambda function i write!

[leandrodamascena]

Totally appreciate your concerns, this is obviously something that has to be done carefully.

I'd be very happy to be part of the effort, keep me posted.

I'm a huge fan of this project and I make extensive use of it in every single lambda function i write!

Awesome, glad to hear that! It makes supper happy to know that I'm helping customers in their workoads.

I'll split the issue into smaller tasks in the next few days and ping you here so you can pick up whatever interests you.

Thanks again!