links_cache.json

{
    "https://b.osmarks.net/": {
        "excerpt": "os \"I have to restart the instance every time I change this\" marks microblog.\nI write and deeply resent software, am interested in machine learning, and\nplay various sandbox games sometimes.",
        "title": "Homepage",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "osmarks's microblog",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://projecteuler.net/friends": {
        "excerpt": "A website dedicated to the fascinating world of mathematics and programming",
        "title": "About - Project Euler",
        "author": "Colin Hughes",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - osmarks/meme-search-engine: Large-scale CLIP image search",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://esolangs.org/wiki/Osmarkscalculator": {
        "excerpt": "osmarkscalculator is an esolang based on rewrite rules.",
        "title": "Osmarkscalculator - Esolang",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://potatos.madefor.cc/": {
        "excerpt": "PotatOS Otiose Transformative Advanced Technology Or Something, inescapably, is the best OS for ComputerCraft and derivatives. Install now with pastebin run 7HSiHybr.",
        "title": "PotatOS",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://tweaked.cc/": {
        "excerpt": "Documentation index for CC: Tweaked",
        "title": "CC: Tweaked",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "CC: Tweaked",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://status.osmarks.net/": {
        "excerpt": "Latency 187ms",
        "title": "10/10 up - OnStat",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/minoteaur-8": {
        "excerpt": "After just 4 years of very inconsistent development, the world is ready for Minoteaur. Version 8 is a mostly complete, somewhat quirky application. - osmarks/minoteaur-8",
        "title": "GitHub - osmarks/minoteaur-8: After just 4 years of very inconsistent development, the world is ready for Minoteaur. Version 8 is a mostly complete, somewhat quirky application.",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/liminal-octothorpe": {
        "excerpt": "AI \"\"\"\"agent\"\"\"\" development. Contribute to osmarks/liminal-octothorpe development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - osmarks/liminal-octothorpe: AI \"\"\"\"agent\"\"\"\" development",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/misc/tree/master/computercraft": {
        "excerpt": "In the interest of transparency and/or their great value to society, I'm releasing my smaller projects/scripts upon an unsuspecting public. - osmarks/misc",
        "title": "misc/computercraft at master · osmarks/misc",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/misc/": {
        "excerpt": "In the interest of transparency and/or their great value to society, I'm releasing my smaller projects/scripts upon an unsuspecting public. - osmarks/misc",
        "title": "GitHub - osmarks/misc: In the interest of transparency and/or their great value to society, I'm releasing my smaller projects/scripts upon an unsuspecting public.",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.astralcodexten.com/p/your-book-review-progress-and-poverty": {
        "excerpt": "Finalist #3 of the book review contest",
        "title": "Your Book Review: Progress And Poverty",
        "author": "Scott Alexander",
        "date": "2021-04-16T04:21:15+00:00",
        "website": "Astral Codex Ten",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.npr.org/2019/11/25/782723429/t-mobiles-parent-tells-small-firm-to-keep-its-hands-off-magenta": {
        "excerpt": "The mobile phone carrier is serious about the color associated with its brand. Now, a legal dispute involving T-Mobile's parent is raising the question: Is it possible to own a color?",
        "title": "T-Mobile Has A Trademark On Magenta, Demands An Insurance Company Stop Using It",
        "author": "By                ",
        "date": "2019-11-25T16:52:03-05:00",
        "website": "NPR",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harberger_Tax": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Harberger Tax",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2022-10-16T10:46:56Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hick%27s_law": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Hick's law",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2004-06-25T03:02:48Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gwern.net/harberger": {
        "excerpt": "Copyright mechanism proposal to solve the orphan works problem: self-assessed Harberger taxes on any inherited copyright are then invested, and dedicated to eventually buying out the owners. Works are either immediately public-domained, or the owners voluntarily ‘sell’ them if their value underperforms a baseline investment.",
        "title": "Self-Funding Harberger Taxes",
        "author": "gwern",
        "date": "2024-11-22",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true,
        "referenceIn": {
            "georg": "A related but more specific proposal."
        }
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiply%E2%80%93accumulate_operation": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Multiply–accumulate operation",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2003-12-17T01:10:20Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://ai.meta.com/blog/dlrm-an-advanced-open-source-deep-learning-recommendation-model/": {
        "excerpt": "We are open-sourcing a state-of-the-art deep learning recommendation model to help AI researchers and the systems and hardware community develop new, more efficient ways to work with categorical data.",
        "title": "We are open-sourcing a state-of-the-art deep learning recommendation model to help AI researchers and the systems and hardware community develop new, more efficient ways to work with categorical data.",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://ai.meta.com/blog/meta-training-inference-accelerator-AI-MTIA/": {
        "excerpt": "In 2020, we initiated the Meta Training and Inference Accelerator (MTIA) family of chips to support our evolving AI workloads, starting with an inference accelerator ASIC for deep learning recommendation models (DLRMs).",
        "title": "MTIA v1: Meta’s first-generation AI inference accelerator",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://web.archive.org/web/20240909133702/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightmatter": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Lightmatter - Wikipedia",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://mythic.ai/": {
        "excerpt": "Power-Efficient AI Acceleration, from Edge to Enterprise M1076 Analog Matrix Processor The M1076 Mythic AMP™ delivers up to 25 TOPS in a single chip for high-end edge AI applications. Learn More MM1076 M.2 M Key Card The MM1076 M.2 M key card enables high-performance, yet power-efficient AI inference for edge devices and edge servers. Learn…",
        "title": "Power-efficient analog compute for edge AI - Mythic",
        "author": "By   Mythic",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Mythic",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://chipsandcheese.com/2024/04/22/intel-meteor-lakes-npu/": {
        "excerpt": "AI is a hot topic and Intel doesn’t want to be left out, so their Meteor Lake mobile processor integrates a Neural Processing Unit (NPU).",
        "title": "Intel Meteor Lake’s NPU",
        "author": "Chester Lam",
        "date": "2024-04-22T15:52:49+00:00",
        "website": "Chips and Cheese",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://chipsandcheese.com/2023/10/04/qualcomms-hexagon-dsp-and-now-npu/": {
        "excerpt": "Cell phones have to handle telecommunications and audiovisual processing while maximizing battery life.",
        "title": "Qualcomm’s Hexagon DSP, and now, NPU",
        "author": "Chester Lam",
        "date": "2023-10-04T21:56:56+00:00",
        "website": "Chips and Cheese",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://groq.com/": {
        "excerpt": "The LPU™ Inference Engine by Groq is a hardware and software platform that delivers exceptional compute speed, quality, and energy efficiency. Groq provides cloud and on-prem solutions at scale for AI applications.",
        "title": "Groq is Fast AI Inference",
        "author": null,
        "date": "2023-12-22T12:27:03-08:00",
        "website": "Groq",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.semianalysis.com/p/groq-inference-tokenomics-speed-but": {
        "excerpt": "Faster than Nvidia? Dissecting the economicsGroq, an AI hardware startup, has been making the rounds recently because of their extremely impressive demos showcasing the leading open-source model, M…",
        "title": "Groq Inference Tokenomics: Speed, But At What Cost?",
        "author": null,
        "date": "2024-02-21T10:44:53+00:00",
        "website": "SemiAnalysis",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://chipsandcheese.com/2022/09/01/hot-chips-34-teslas-dojo-microarchitecture/": {
        "excerpt": "To say Tesla is merely interested in machine learning is an understatement.",
        "title": "Hot Chips 34 – Tesla’s Dojo Microarchitecture",
        "author": "Chester Lam",
        "date": "2022-09-01T18:24:53+00:00",
        "website": "Chips and Cheese",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://cerebras.ai/": {
        "excerpt": "Cerebras is the go-to platform for fast and effortless AI training. Learn more at cerebras.ai.",
        "title": "Cerebras",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Cerebras",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://spectrum.ieee.org/cerebras-chip-cs3": {
        "excerpt": "<p>Which will power an 8-exaflop AI supercomputer</p>",
        "title": "Cerebras Unveils Its Next Waferscale AI Chip",
        "author": "Samuel K. Moore",
        "date": "2024-03-13T13:00:05Z",
        "website": "IEEE Spectrum",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://cerebras.ai/blog/announcing-the-cerebras-architecture-for-extreme-scale-ai/": {
        "excerpt": "Sean Lie, Co-Founder and Chief Hardware Architect | August 24, 2021 Today at the Hot Chips conference, we proudly unveiled […]",
        "title": "Announcing the Cerebras Architecture for Extreme-Scale AI - Cerebras",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://tenstorrent.com/": {
        "excerpt": "Tenstorrent is a next-generation computing company that builds computers for AI.  Headquartered in the U.S. with offices in Austin, Texas, and Silicon Valley, and global offices in Toronto, Belgrade, Seoul, Tokyo, and Bangalore, Tenstorrent brings together experts in the field of computer architecture, ASIC design, RISC-V technology, advanced systems, and neural network compilers.",
        "title": "Tenstorrent",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Tenstorrent",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.etched.com/announcing-etched": {
        "excerpt": "",
        "title": "Etched is Making the Biggest Bet in AI",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://siboehm.com/articles/22/CUDA-MMM": {
        "excerpt": "In this post, I’ll iteratively optimize an implementation of matrix multiplication written in CUDA.My goal is not to build a cuBLAS replacement, but to deepl...",
        "title": "How to Optimize a CUDA Matmul Kernel for cuBLAS-like Performance: a Worklog",
        "author": "Simon Boehm",
        "date": "2022-12-31T08:06:04+01:00",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/hopper-tuning-guide/index.html": {
        "excerpt": "The programming guide for tuning CUDA Applications for GPUs based on the Hopper GPU Architecture.",
        "title": "1. NVIDIA Hopper Tuning Guide — Hopper Tuning Guide 12.8 documentation",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://ai.meta.com/research/publications/the-llama-3-herd-of-models/": {
        "excerpt": "Modern artificial intelligence (AI) systems are powered by foundation models. This paper presents a new set of foundation models, called Llama 3. It is a...",
        "title": "The Llama 3 Herd of Models | Research",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://fuse.wikichip.org/news/7343/iedm-2022-did-we-just-witness-the-death-of-sram/": {
        "excerpt": "IEDM 2022: Did we just witness the death of SRAM? While foundries continue to show strong logic transistor scaling, SRAM scaling has completely collapsed.",
        "title": "IEDM 2022: Did We Just Witness The Death Of SRAM?",
        "author": "David Schor",
        "date": "2022-12-14T03:00:58-05:00",
        "website": "WikiChip Fuse",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.03413": {
        "excerpt": "This report focuses on the architecture and performance of the Intelligence Processing Unit (IPU), a novel, massively parallel platform recently introduced by Graphcore and aimed at Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML) workloads. We dissect the IPU's performance behavior using microbenchmarks that we crafted for the purpose. We study the IPU's memory organization and performance. We study the latency and bandwidth that the on-chip and off-chip interconnects offer, both in point-to-point transfers and in a spectrum of collective operations, under diverse loads. We evaluate the IPU's compute power over matrix multiplication, convolution, and AI/ML primitives. We discuss actual performance in comparison with its theoretical limits. Our findings reveal how the IPU's architectural design affects its performance. Moreover, they offer simple mental models to predict an application's performance on the IPU, on the basis of the computation and communication steps it involves. This report is the natural extension to a novel architecture of a continuing effort of ours that focuses on the microbenchmark-based discovery of massively parallel architectures.",
        "title": "Dissecting the Graphcore IPU Architecture via Microbenchmarking",
        "author": "[Submitted on 7 Dec 2019]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://fleetwood.dev/posts/a-first-principles-analysis-of-consumer-smart-glasses": {
        "excerpt": "fleetwood.dev",
        "title": "fleetwood.dev",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.apple.com/apple-vision-pro/": {
        "excerpt": "Apple Vision Pro is Apple’s first spatial computer. It seamlessly blends digital content with your physical space using revolutionary technology.",
        "title": "Apple Vision Pro",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Apple",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://kguttag.com/2024/05/27/cogni-trax-why-hard-edge-occlusion-is-still-impossible-behind-the-magic-trick/": {
        "excerpt": "I saw the Cogni Trax hard edge occlusion demo last week at SID Display Week 2024, and it epitomized the concept of being a “magic show.” In this article I explain the concept behind Cog…",
        "title": "Cogni Trax & Why Hard Edge Occlusion Is Still Impossible (Behind the Magic Trick)",
        "author": "Karl Guttag\t\t\t",
        "date": "2024-05-28T00:33:42+00:00",
        "website": "KGOnTech",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.epson.co.uk/en_GB/products/smart-glasses/see-through-mobile-viewer/moverio-bt-40/p/31095": {
        "excerpt": "Personal smart glasses that offer a high-resolution, big screen experience that is projected into the wearer's line of sight.",
        "title": "Moverio BT-40 | See-Through Mobile Viewer | Smart Glasses | Products | Epson United Kingdom",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://kguttag.com/2024/08/18/even-realities-g1-minimalist-ar-glasses-with-integrated-prescription-lenses/": {
        "excerpt": "Introduction The recently announced Even Realities G1 (ER G1) glasses (right) enter a somewhat crowded field of glasses form factor AR glasses using Jade Bird Display’s (JBD) 640×480 gre…",
        "title": "Even Realities G1: Minimalist AR Glasses with Integrated Prescription Lenses",
        "author": "Karl Guttag\t\t\t",
        "date": "2024-08-18T15:12:37+00:00",
        "website": "KGOnTech",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://research.google/blog/soli-radar-based-perception-and-interaction-in-pixel-4/": {
        "excerpt": "Posted by Jaime Lien, Research Engineer and Nicholas Gillian, Software Engineer, Google Advanced Technology and Projects   The Pixel 4 and Pixel 4 ...",
        "title": "Soli Radar-Based Perception and Interaction in Pixel 4",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://federicorcassarino.substack.com/p/ar-glasses-much-more-than-you-wanted": {
        "excerpt": "The transformative power of augmented reality glasses.",
        "title": "AR Glasses: Much more than you wanted to know",
        "author": "Federico R. Cassarino",
        "date": "2021-01-16T00:30:35+00:00",
        "website": "Federico’s Newsletter",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://kguttag.com/2019/10/07/fov-obsession/": {
        "excerpt": "Introduction One thing that continually confounds me is the high percentage of people, who when discussing AR, seem to only care about the display’s field of view (FOV) as if it is the only specifi…",
        "title": "FOV Obsession",
        "author": "Karl Guttag\t\t\t",
        "date": "2019-10-07T15:37:01+00:00",
        "website": "KGOnTech",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://web.archive.org/web/20240216092219/https://sensebridge.net/projects/northpaw/": {
        "excerpt": "Order | Assembly Instructions | Downloads",
        "title": "Sensebridge - making the invisible visible",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gwern.net/idea": {
        "excerpt": "Someone (who is not me) should do something: a wishlist of miscellaneous research or project ideas—free to a good home.",
        "title": "Research Ideas",
        "author": "Gwern",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Words_per_minute": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Words per minute",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2004-11-30T21:47:50Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_Units": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "GNU Units",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2003-01-23T16:01:54Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://campus.barracuda.com/product/cloudgenfirewall/doc/169426005/f180-and-f183-revision-a": {
        "excerpt": "eF180 Rev. A Standard ModelModel F183 Rev. AWarranty and Safety InstructionsOpening your Barracuda Networks appliance or removing its warranty label unless instructed to do so by Barracuda ...",
        "title": "F180 and F183 Revision A",
        "author": "Barracuda Networks, Inc",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Barracuda Campus",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://campus.barracuda.com/product/cloudgenfirewall/doc/93880710/f380-revision-b/": {
        "excerpt": "Default Port ConfigurationPort LabelOS NotationSpeed/TypeManagement Port1p110/100/1000 MBit RJ45X2p210/100/1000 MBit RJ45 3p310/100/1000 MBit RJ45 4p410/100/1000 MBit RJ45 5p510/100/1000 MBit ...",
        "title": "F380 Revision B",
        "author": "Barracuda Networks, Inc",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Barracuda Campus",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.aewin.com/products/scb-1723/": {
        "excerpt": "1U Rack-Mount Network appliance Intel Xeon E (Coffee Lake-S) and 8th Core i7/i5/i3 processor and Intel® H310 PCH, support DDR4 up to 32GB, 2x 2.5\" SATA3.0 HDD/SSD, 2x USB 2.0, 8x GbE Copper ports, 1x NIC, 1x Console",
        "title": "SCB-1723 - Intel 8/9th Core i7/i5/i3 - AEWIN",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "AEWIN",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Install_Arch_Linux_via_SSH": {
        "excerpt": "This article is intended to show users how to install Arch remotely via an SSH connection. Consider this approach when the host is located remotely or you wish to use the copy/paste ability of an SSH client to do the Arch install.",
        "title": "Install Arch Linux via SSH",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/traffic-shaping/sqm": {
        "excerpt": "OpenWrt supports SQM for mitigating bufferbloat, the undesirable latency that arises when your router buffers too much data.",
        "title": "[OpenWrt Wiki] SQM (Smart Queue Management)",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.servethehome.com/intel-atom-c2000-c0-stepping-fixing-the-avr54-bug/": {
        "excerpt": "Intel published details of two new Intel Atom C2000 series processors and a new silicon stepping, C0, that fixes the AVR54 bug in previous versions",
        "title": "Intel Atom C2000 C0 Stepping Fixing the AVR54 Bug",
        "author": "Cliff Robinson",
        "date": "2017-04-23T15:01:16+00:00",
        "website": "ServeTheHome",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.tomshardware.com/news/intel-cc150-cpu-specs-benchmark-results": {
        "excerpt": "A Chinese forum user has seemingly benchmarked this CPU that strangely lacks turbo boost.",
        "title": "Intel CC150: The Strange Case of the CPU With 8C/16T and no Turbo",
        "author": "Zhiye Liu",
        "date": "2020-02-05T19:37:12+00:00",
        "website": "Tom's Hardware",
        "auto": true
    },
    "http://www.incompleteideas.net/IncIdeas/BitterLesson.html": {
        "excerpt": "In computer chess, the methods that defeated the world champion,\nKasparov, in 1997, were based on massive, deep search. At the time,\nthis was looked upon with dismay by the majority of computer-chess\nresearchers who had pursued methods that leveraged human understanding\nof the special structure of chess. When a simpler, search-based\napproach with special hardware and software proved vastly more\neffective, these human-knowledge-based chess researchers were not good\nlosers. They said that ``brute force\" search may have won this time,\nbut it was not a general strategy, and anyway it was not how people\nplayed chess. These researchers wanted methods based on human input to\nwin and were disappointed when they did not.",
        "title": "The Bitter Lesson",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/guide/RulesAndPatterns.html": {
        "excerpt": "At the core of the Wolfram Language's symbolic programming paradigm is the concept of transformation rules for arbitrary symbolic patterns. The Wolfram Language's pattern language conveniently describes a very general set of classes of expressions, making possible uniquely readable, elegant and efficient programs.",
        "title": "Rules & Patterns—Wolfram Language Documentation",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/corywalker/expreduce": {
        "excerpt": "An experimental computer algebra system written in Go - corywalker/expreduce",
        "title": "GitHub - corywalker/expreduce: An experimental computer algebra system written in Go",
        "author": "corywalker",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A*_search_algorithm": {
        "excerpt": "A* (pronounced \"A-star\") is a graph traversal and pathfinding algorithm that is used in many fields of computer science due to its completeness, optimality, and optimal efficiency.[1] Given a weighted graph, a source node and a goal node, the algorithm finds the shortest path (with respect to the given weights) from source to goal.",
        "title": "A* search algorithm",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2002-10-07T18:12:16Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearest_neighbor_search": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Nearest neighbor search",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2006-10-05T22:30:08Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levenshtein_distance": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Levenshtein distance",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2003-12-18T04:33:02Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confluence_(abstract_rewriting)": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Confluence (abstract rewriting)",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2006-01-17T22:58:41Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knuth%E2%80%93Bendix_completion_algorithm": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Knuth–Bendix completion algorithm",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2004-04-23T15:28:45Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_problem_(mathematics)": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Word problem (mathematics)",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2006-01-26T13:15:55Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richardson%27s_theorem": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Richardson's theorem",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2007-09-27T18:07:58Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/ai-solves-imo-problems-at-silver-medal-level/": {
        "excerpt": "Breakthrough models AlphaProof and AlphaGeometry 2 solve advanced reasoning problems in mathematics",
        "title": "AI achieves silver-medal standard solving International Mathematical Olympiad problems",
        "author": "AlphaProof and AlphaGeometry teams",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Google DeepMind",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.01815": {
        "excerpt": "The game of chess is the most widely-studied domain in the history of artificial intelligence. The strongest programs are based on a combination of sophisticated search techniques, domain-specific adaptations, and handcrafted evaluation functions that have been refined by human experts over several decades. In contrast, the AlphaGo Zero program recently achieved superhuman performance in the game of Go, by tabula rasa reinforcement learning from games of self-play. In this paper, we generalise this approach into a single AlphaZero algorithm that can achieve, tabula rasa, superhuman performance in many challenging domains. Starting from random play, and given no domain knowledge except the game rules, AlphaZero achieved within 24 hours a superhuman level of play in the games of chess and shogi (Japanese chess) as well as Go, and convincingly defeated a world-champion program in each case.",
        "title": "Mastering Chess and Shogi by Self-Play with a General Reinforcement Learning Algorithm",
        "author": "[Submitted on 5 Dec 2017]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://lean-lang.org/": {
        "excerpt": "Menu",
        "title": "Programming Language and Theorem Prover — Lean",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.mrob.com/pub/ries/index.html": {
        "excerpt": "RIES - Find Algebraic Equations, Given Their Solution -- Explore a wide variety of topics from large numbers to sociology at mrob.com",
        "title": "Find Algebraic Equations, Given Their Solution at MROB",
        "author": "Robert Munafo",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_Polish_notation": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Reverse Polish notation",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2002-01-10T10:40:01Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://lczero.org/": {
        "excerpt": "",
        "title": "Leela Chess Zero",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.01412": {
        "excerpt": "Neural networks have a reputation for being better at solving statistical or approximate problems than at performing calculations or working with symbolic data. In this paper, we show that they can be surprisingly good at more elaborated tasks in mathematics, such as symbolic integration and solving differential equations. We propose a syntax for representing mathematical problems, and methods for generating large datasets that can be used to train sequence-to-sequence models. We achieve results that outperform commercial Computer Algebra Systems such as Matlab or Mathematica.",
        "title": "Deep Learning for Symbolic Mathematics",
        "author": "[Submitted on 2 Dec 2019]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.00566": {
        "excerpt": "We introduce PatternBoost, a flexible method for finding interesting constructions in mathematics. Our algorithm alternates between two phases. In the first ``local'' phase, a classical search algorithm is used to produce many desirable constructions. In the second ``global'' phase, a transformer neural network is trained on the best such constructions. Samples from the trained transformer are then used as seeds for the first phase, and the process is repeated. We give a detailed introduction to this technique, and discuss the results of its application to several problems in extremal combinatorics. The performance of PatternBoost varies across different problems, but there are many situations where its performance is quite impressive. Using our technique, we find the best known solutions to several long-standing problems, including the construction of a counterexample to a conjecture that had remained open for 30 years.",
        "title": "PatternBoost: Constructions in Mathematics with a Little Help from AI",
        "author": "[Submitted on 1 Nov 2024]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.05804": {
        "excerpt": "In this paper, we present empirical evidence of skills and directed exploration emerging from a simple RL algorithm long before any successful trials are observed. For example, in a manipulation task, the agent is given a single observation of the goal state and learns skills, first for moving its end-effector, then for pushing the block, and finally for picking up and placing the block. These skills emerge before the agent has ever successfully placed the block at the goal location and without the aid of any reward functions, demonstrations, or manually-specified distance metrics. Once the agent has learned to reach the goal state reliably, exploration is reduced. Implementing our method involves a simple modification of prior work and does not require density estimates, ensembles, or any additional hyperparameters. Intuitively, the proposed method seems like it should be terrible at exploration, and we lack a clear theoretical understanding of why it works so effectively, though our experiments provide some hints.",
        "title": "A Single Goal is All You Need: Skills and Exploration Emerge from Contrastive RL without Rewards, Demonstrations, or Subgoals",
        "author": "[Submitted on 11 Aug 2024]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://rulebasedintegration.org/": {
        "excerpt": "A symbolic integrator based on an extensive system of integration rules",
        "title": "Welcome to Rubi, A Rule-based Integrator",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Rubi (Rule-based Integrator)",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://reference.wolfram.com/language/tutorial/SomeNotesOnInternalImplementation.html": {
        "excerpt": "General issues about the internal implementation of the Wolfram Language are discussed in \"The Internals of the Wolfram System\". Given here are brief notes on particular features. It should be emphasized that these notes give only a rough indication of basic methods and algorithms used. The actual implementation usually involves many substantial additional elements. Thus, for example, the notes simply say that DSolve solves second-order linear differential equations using the Kovacic algorithm. But the internal code that achieves this is over 60 pages long, includes a number of other algorithms, and involves a great many subtleties.",
        "title": "Some Notes on Internal Implementation—Wolfram Language Documentation",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.11491": {
        "excerpt": "We propose an online training procedure for a transformer-based automated theorem prover. Our approach leverages a new search algorithm, HyperTree Proof Search (HTPS), inspired by the recent success of AlphaZero. Our model learns from previous proof searches through online training, allowing it to generalize to domains far from the training distribution. We report detailed ablations of our pipeline's main components by studying performance on three environments of increasing complexity. In particular, we show that with HTPS alone, a model trained on annotated proofs manages to prove 65.4% of a held-out set of Metamath theorems, significantly outperforming the previous state of the art of 56.5% by GPT-f. Online training on these unproved theorems increases accuracy to 82.6%. With a similar computational budget, we improve the state of the art on the Lean-based miniF2F-curriculum dataset from 31% to 42% proving accuracy.",
        "title": "HyperTree Proof Search for Neural Theorem Proving",
        "author": "[Submitted on 23 May 2022]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25522518": {
        "excerpt": "8fhdkjw039hd on Dec 23, 2020           \n             |  |  [–]",
        "title": "Heaven Banning | Hacker News",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.05101": {
        "excerpt": "Shadow banning consists for an online social network in limiting the visibility of some of its users, without them being aware of it. Twitter declares that it does not use such a practice, sometimes arguing about the occurrence of \"bugs\" to justify restrictions on some users. This paper is the first to address the plausibility or not of shadow banning on a major online platform, by adopting both a statistical and a graph topological approach. We first conduct an extensive data collection and analysis campaign, gathering occurrences of visibility limitations on user profiles (we crawl more than 2.5 million of them). In such a black-box observation setup, we highlight the salient user profile features that may explain a banning practice (using machine learning predictors). We then pose two hypotheses for the phenomenon: i) limitations are bugs, as claimed by Twitter, and ii) shadow banning propagates as an epidemic on user-interactions ego-graphs. We show that hypothesis i) is statistically unlikely with regards to the data we collected. We then show some interesting correlation with hypothesis ii), suggesting that the interaction topology is a good indicator of the presence of groups of shadow banned users on the service.",
        "title": "Setting the Record Straighter on Shadow Banning",
        "author": "[Submitted on 9 Dec 2020 (v1), last revised 13 Apr 2021 (this version, v2)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://investor.atmeta.com/financials/default.aspx": {
        "excerpt": "Some of the information or materials made available on this website may contain forward-looking statements. Statements including words such as \"believe,\" \"may,\" \"will,\" \"estimate,\" \"continue,\" \"anticipate,\" \"intend,\" \"expect\" or similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to assumptions, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual events or actual future results to differ materially from the expectations set forth in the forward-looking statements. Some of the factors which could cause Meta's results to differ materially from its expectations include, but are not limited to, those described in the \"Risk Factors,\" \"Limitations of Key Metrics and Other Data\" and \"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations\" sections in Meta's most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K or Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they were originally made to the public. Meta assumes no obligation and does not intend to update these forward-looking statements. Archived materials are provided for reference by Meta. Meta does not update or delete outdated information contained in these materials and it expressly disclaims any obligation to do so.",
        "title": "Meta - Financials",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://investor.redditinc.com/news-events/news-releases/news-details/2024/Reddit-Announces-Third-Quarter-2024-Results/default.aspx": {
        "excerpt": "Daily Active Uniques (“DAUq”) increased 47% year-over-year to 97.2 million Strong revenue growth of 68% to $348.4 million Achieved GAAP profitability with net income of $29.9 million and net margin of 8.6% Adjusted EBITDA 1 of $94.1 million and Adjusted EBITDA 1 margin of 27.0% Positive operating cash flow of $71.6 million and Free Cash Flow 1 of $70.3 million, invested $66 million to net settle 1.2 million employee shares Reddit, Inc. (NYSE: RDDT) today announced financial results for the quarter ended September 30, 2024. Reddit’s complete financial results and management commentary can be found in its shareholder letter on Reddit’s Investor Relations website at https://investor.redditinc.com . “It was another strong quarter for Reddit and our communities as we achieved important milestones, including new levels of user traffic, revenue growth, and profitability,” said Steve Huffman, Co-Founder and CEO of Reddit. “Reddit continues to be one of the most visited and trusted sites in",
        "title": "Reddit Announces Third Quarter 2024 Results",
        "author": "SAN FRANCISCO--(BUSINESS WIRE)--",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://investor.snap.com/overview/default.aspx": {
        "excerpt": "To opt-in for investor email alerts, please enter your email address in the field below and select at least one alert option. After submitting your request, you will receive an activation email to the requested email address. You must click the activation link in order to complete your subscription. You can sign up for additional alert options at any time.At Snap Inc., we promise to treat your data with respect and will not share your information with any third party. You can unsubscribe to any of the investor alerts you are subscribed to by visiting the ‘unsubscribe’ section below. If you experience any issues with this process, please contact us for further assistance.By providing your email address below, you are providing consent to Snap Inc. to send you the requested Investor Email Alert updates.* Required",
        "title": "Snap Inc. - Investor Relations",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-76900-1": {
        "excerpt": "As AI-generated text continues to evolve, distinguishing it from human-authored content has become increasingly difficult. This study examined whether non-expert readers could reliably differentiate between AI-generated poems and those written by well-known human poets. We conducted two experiments with non-expert poetry readers and found that participants performed below chance levels in identifying AI-generated poems (46.6% accuracy, χ2(1, N = 16,340) = 75.13, p < 0.0001). Notably, participants were more likely to judge AI-generated poems as human-authored than actual human-authored poems (χ2(2, N = 16,340) = 247.04, p < 0.0001). We found that AI-generated poems were rated more favorably in qualities such as rhythm and beauty, and that this contributed to their mistaken identification as human-authored. Our findings suggest that participants employed shared yet flawed heuristics to differentiate AI from human poetry: the simplicity of AI-generated poems may be easier for non-experts to understand, leading them to prefer AI-generated poetry and misinterpret the complexity of human poems as incoherence generated by AI.",
        "title": "AI-generated poetry is indistinguishable from human-written poetry and is rated more favorably",
        "author": "Machery, Edouard",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Nature",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gwern.net/creative-benchmark": {
        "excerpt": "Discussion of possible tasks to measure LLM capabilities in soft ‘creative’ tasks like brainstorming or editing, to quantify failures in creative writing domains.",
        "title": "Towards Benchmarking LLM Diversity & Creativity",
        "author": "Gwern",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.astralcodexten.com/p/how-did-you-do-on-the-ai-art-turing": {
        "excerpt": "...",
        "title": "How Did You Do On The AI Art Turing Test?",
        "author": "Scott Alexander",
        "date": "2024-11-20T12:44:27+00:00",
        "website": "Astral Codex Ten",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://cognitiveresearchjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41235-023-00499-6": {
        "excerpt": "With the recent proliferation of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models capable of mimicking human artworks, AI creations might soon replace products of human creativity, although skeptics argue that this outcome is unlikely. One possible reason this may be unlikely is that, independent of the physical properties of art, we place great value on the imbuement of the human experience in art. An interesting question, then, is whether and why people might prefer human-compared to AI-created artworks. To explore these questions, we manipulated the purported creator of pieces of art by randomly assigning a “Human-created” or “AI-created” label to paintings actually created by AI, and then assessed participants’ judgements of the artworks across four rating criteria (Liking, Beauty, Profundity, and Worth). Study 1 found increased positive judgements for human-&nbsp;compared to AI-labelled art across all criteria. Study 2 aimed to replicate and extend Study 1 with additional ratings (Emotion, Story, Meaningful, Effort, and Time to create) intended to elucidate why people more-positively appraise Human-labelled artworks. The main findings from Study 1 were replicated, with narrativity (Story) and perceived effort behind artworks (Effort) moderating the label effects (“Human-created” vs. “AI-created”), but only for the sensory-level judgements (Liking, Beauty). Positive personal attitudes toward AI&nbsp;moderated label effects for more-communicative judgements (Profundity, Worth). These studies demonstrate that people tend to be negatively biased against AI-created artworks relative to purportedly human-created artwork, and suggest that knowledge of human engagement in the artistic process contributes positively to appraisals of art.",
        "title": "Humans versus AI: whether and why we prefer human-created compared to AI-created artwork",
        "author": "Seli, Paul",
        "date": null,
        "website": "SpringerOpen",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Internet_theory": {
        "excerpt": "",
        "title": "Dead Internet theory",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2023-03-06T12:54:59Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://cameronharwick.com/writing/high-culture-and-hyperstimulus/": {
        "excerpt": "What’s the difference between a Renaissance nude and a Playboy centerfold?",
        "title": "High Culture and Hyperstimulus",
        "author": "Cameron Harwick",
        "date": "2024-04-02",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true,
        "referenceIn": {
            "heaven": "Hard-to-replicate entertainment is higher-status because if you enjoy easy-to-produce things you're more open to exploitation (spending too many resources on those easy things)."
        }
    },
    "http://prize.hutter1.net/": {
        "excerpt": "500'000€ Prize for Compressing Human Knowledge by Marcus Hutter",
        "title": "500'000€ Prize for Compressing Human Knowledge",
        "author": "Marcus Hutter",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://writings.stephenwolfram.com/2012/03/the-personal-analytics-of-my-life/": {
        "excerpt": "Utilizing data analysis capabilities in Wolfram|Alpha Pro, Stephen Wolfram looks at his quantified self based on his large collection of lifelogging data.",
        "title": "The Personal Analytics of My Life—Stephen Wolfram Writings",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://dogsheep.github.io/": {
        "excerpt": "Tools for personal analytics using SQLite and Datasette",
        "title": "Dogsheep",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "dogsheep.github.io",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lesbonscomptes.com/recoll/pages/index-recoll.html": {
        "excerpt": "Recoll is a desktop document search application for Unix, Linux, Microsoft Windows and MacOS, based on the Xapian search engine library.",
        "title": "Recoll",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.rewind.ai/": {
        "excerpt": "Rewind is a personalized AI powered by everything you’ve seen, said, or heard.",
        "title": "Rewind",
        "author": "LexisEngineering Manager at Chief",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://thesephist.com/posts/monocle/": {
        "excerpt": "Monocle is a full text search engine indexed on my personal data, like my blog posts and essays, nearly a decade of journal entries, notes, contacts, Tweets, and hopefully more in the future, like emails and web browsing history. It lets me query this entire dataset to look for anything I’ve seen or written about before, and acts as a true “extended memory” for my entire life.",
        "title": "Building Monocle, a universal personal search engine for life",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/random-stuff/blob/master/histretention.py": {
        "excerpt": "In the interest of transparency and/or their great value to society, I'm releasing my smaller projects/scripts upon an unsuspecting public. - osmarks/misc",
        "title": "misc/histretention.py at master · osmarks/misc",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/single-file/": {
        "excerpt": "Download SingleFile for Firefox. Save an entire web page—including images and styling—as a single HTML file.",
        "title": "SingleFile – Get this Extension for 🦊 Firefox (en-US)",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://datasette.io/": {
        "excerpt": "Datasette is a tool for exploring and publishing data. It helps people take data of any shape, analyze and explore it, and publish it as an interactive website and accompanying API.",
        "title": "Datasette",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://datasette.substack.com/p/dogsheep-personal-analytics-with": {
        "excerpt": "Datasette Weekly volume 2",
        "title": "Dogsheep: Personal analytics with Datasette",
        "author": "Simon Willison",
        "date": "2020-10-19T06:08:44+00:00",
        "website": "Datasette Newsletter",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/simonw/datasette-search-all/": {
        "excerpt": "Datasette plugin for searching all searchable tables at once - simonw/datasette-search-all",
        "title": "GitHub - simonw/datasette-search-all: Datasette plugin for searching all searchable tables at once",
        "author": "simonw",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/ankicommunity/anki-sync-server/": {
        "excerpt": "A personal Anki sync server (so you can sync against your own server rather than AnkiWeb) - ankicommunity/ankicommunity-sync-server",
        "title": "GitHub - ankicommunity/ankicommunity-sync-server: A personal Anki sync server (so you can sync against your own server rather than AnkiWeb)",
        "author": "ankicommunity",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/m-bain/whisperX/": {
        "excerpt": "WhisperX:  Automatic Speech Recognition with Word-level Timestamps (& Diarization) - m-bain/whisperX",
        "title": "GitHub - m-bain/whisperX: WhisperX:  Automatic Speech Recognition with Word-level Timestamps (& Diarization)",
        "author": "m-bain",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.gadgetbridge.org/": {
        "excerpt": "A free and open source Android application for bluetooth devices.",
        "title": "Gadgetbridge",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/ellie/atuin": {
        "excerpt": "✨ Magical shell history. Contribute to atuinsh/atuin development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - atuinsh/atuin: ✨ Magical shell history",
        "author": "atuinsh",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://mse.osmarks.net/": {
        "excerpt": "osmarks.net meme library semantic search via CLIP; enhanced query UI edition",
        "title": "Meme Search Engine",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/rom1504/clip-retrieval": {
        "excerpt": "Easily compute clip embeddings and build a clip retrieval system with them - rom1504/clip-retrieval",
        "title": "GitHub - rom1504/clip-retrieval: Easily compute clip embeddings and build a clip retrieval system with them",
        "author": "rom1504",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://findthatmeme.com/blog/2023/01/08/image-stacks-and-iphone-racks-building-an-internet-scale-meme-search-engine-Qzrz7V6T.html": {
        "excerpt": "Anyone who’s spent any amount of time on the Internet has a good idea of how prevalent meme usage has become in online discourse. Finding new memes on the latest happening and sharing them with various friend groups to share in the humor is a long-enjoyed pastime of mine. Working in tech and in the InfoSec field has netted me an unsurprisingly “terminally-online” groups of friends who all do the same.",
        "title": "Image Stacks and iPhone Racks - Building an Internet Scale Meme Search Engine",
        "author": "Matthew Bryant (Creator)",
        "date": "2023-01-08T00:00:00+00:00",
        "website": "FindThatMeme.com Blog",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/facebookresearch/faiss/": {
        "excerpt": "A library for efficient similarity search and clustering of dense vectors. - facebookresearch/faiss",
        "title": "GitHub - facebookresearch/faiss: A library for efficient similarity search and clustering of dense vectors.",
        "author": "facebookresearch",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.sqlite.org/fts5.html": {
        "excerpt": "SQLite FTS5 Extension",
        "title": "SQLite FTS5 Extension",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zettelkasten": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Zettelkasten",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2020-05-31T10:44:14Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.sqlite.org/lang_with.html": {
        "excerpt": "The WITH Clause",
        "title": "The WITH Clause",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/facebookresearch/faiss/wiki/Guidelines-to-choose-an-index": {
        "excerpt": "A library for efficient similarity search and clustering of dense vectors. - facebookresearch/faiss",
        "title": "Guidelines to choose an index",
        "author": "facebookresearch",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/pgvector/pgvector": {
        "excerpt": "Open-source vector similarity search for Postgres. Contribute to pgvector/pgvector development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - pgvector/pgvector: Open-source vector similarity search for Postgres",
        "author": "pgvector",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.sqlite.org/lang_datefunc.html": {
        "excerpt": "Date And Time Functions",
        "title": "Date And Time Functions",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.gregegan.net/ORTHOGONAL/ORTHOGONAL.html": {
        "excerpt": "Illustrations for Orthogonal by Greg Egan",
        "title": "Orthogonal — Greg Egan",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://larryniven.fandom.com/wiki/Teela_Brown": {
        "excerpt": "Teela Brown is a fictional character created by Larry Niven in the Ringworld novels. Teela was a member of the crew recruited by Puppeteer Nessus for an expedition to the Ringworld. Her sole qualification was that she was descended from \"lucky\" ancestors, six generations of whom were born as a result of winning Earth's Birthright Lottery. The consequence of her state was that she'd led such a charmed and worry-free life that she was emotionally immature and unprepared for \"harsh reality.\" The Pu",
        "title": "Teela Brown",
        "author": "Contributors to Larry Niven Wiki",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Fandom, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://existentialcomics.com/comic/537": {
        "excerpt": "A philosophy webcomic about the inevitable anguish of living a brief life in an absurd world. Also Jokes",
        "title": "The Philosophy Of Magic",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.reddit.com/r/Fantasy/comments/25u9ej/good_examples_of_soft_magic/": {
        "excerpt": "Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform.\n          For more information, please see our\n        Cookie Notice\n        and our\n        Privacy Policy.",
        "title": "The heart of the internet",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_formulation_of_the_Standard_Model": {
        "excerpt": "For a less mathematical description and overview, see Standard Model.",
        "title": "Mathematical formulation of the Standard Model",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2005-06-11T12:47:54Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/series/252085-mage-errant": {
        "excerpt": "Into the Labyrinth (Mage Errant, #1), Jewel of the Endless Erg (Mage Errant, #2), A Traitor in Skyhold (Mage Errant, #3), The Lost City of Ithos (Mage E...",
        "title": "Mage Errant Series by John Bierce",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/51279226": {
        "excerpt": "Alternate cover edition of ASIN B07W7X9VY6   The ancien…",
        "title": "The Choice of Magic (Art of the Adept, #1)",
        "author": "Michael G. Manning32 books2,035 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://qntm.org/ra": {
        "excerpt": "Magic is real.\nDiscovered in the 1970s, magic is now a bona fide field of engineering. There's magic in heavy industry and magic in your home. It's what's next after electricity.\nStudent mage Laura Ferno has designs on the future: her mother died trying to reach space using m...",
        "title": "Ra",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://hpmor.com/": {
        "excerpt": "",
        "title": "Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/26118426-ninefox-gambit": {
        "excerpt": "The first installment of the trilogy, Ninefox Gambit, c…",
        "title": "Ninefox Gambit (The Machineries of Empire, #1)",
        "author": "Yoon Ha Lee190 books2,035 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://forums.sufficientvelocity.com/threads/break-them-all-original-precross.12960/": {
        "excerpt": "Break Them All\nIndex post\n\nPart 0 : Falling Away\nPart 1 : Learning to Learn\nPart 2 : First...",
        "title": "Break Them All [Original/PreCross]",
        "author": "TheGrum",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Sufficient Velocity",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/series/40650-discworld": {
        "excerpt": "See also:- Discworld Companion Books- Discworld Maps- The Science of DiscworldSub-series:Discworld - DEATH SeriesDiscworld - Ankh-Morpork City Wa...",
        "title": "Discworld Series by Terry Pratchett",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://unsongbook.com/": {
        "excerpt": "Jerusalem is builded as a city that is in the public domain. — kingjamesprogramming.tumblr.com (Prologue) BOOK I: GENESIS 1. Dark Satanic Mills (Interlude א: The Cracks In The Sky) 2. Arise To Spiritual Strife (Interlude ב: The Code of the … Continue reading →",
        "title": "Table of Contents",
        "author": "F. H.",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Unsong",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://genetyx8.github.io/flat-square-torus/2021/07/09/magic-mods.html": {
        "excerpt": "What makes a magic mod?",
        "title": "What makes a magic mod?",
        "author": null,
        "date": "2021-07-09T11:32:00+00:00",
        "website": "Flat Square Torus",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Reddit_API_controversy": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "2023 Reddit API controversy",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2023-06-17T22:33:26Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine/blob/master/meme-rater/crawler.py": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "meme-search-engine/meme-rater/crawler.py at master · osmarks/meme-search-engine",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bradley%E2%80%93Terry_model": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Bradley–Terry model",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2014-11-18T19:39:03Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine/blob/master/meme-rater/rater_server.py": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "meme-search-engine/meme-rater/rater_server.py at master · osmarks/meme-search-engine",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine/blob/master/meme-rater/model.py": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "meme-search-engine/meme-rater/model.py at master · osmarks/meme-search-engine",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine/blob/master/meme-rater/active_learning.py": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "meme-search-engine/meme-rater/active_learning.py at master · osmarks/meme-search-engine",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine/blob/master/meme-rater/library_processing_server.py": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "meme-search-engine/meme-rater/library_processing_server.py at master · osmarks/meme-search-engine",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine/blob/master/meme-rater/meme_pipeline.py": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "meme-search-engine/meme-rater/meme_pipeline.py at master · osmarks/meme-search-engine",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://datasets.osmarks.net/projects-formerly-codenamed-radius-tyrian/": {
        "title": "Index of /projects-formerly-codenamed-radius-tyrian/",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/RossM/image-rater/tree/dev": {
        "excerpt": "Contribute to RossM/image-rater development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - RossM/image-rater at dev",
        "author": "RossM",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/deepfates/memery": {
        "excerpt": "Search over large image datasets with natural language and computer vision! - deepfates/memery",
        "title": "GitHub - deepfates/memery: Search over large image datasets with natural language and computer vision!",
        "author": "deepfates",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artbreeder": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Artbreeder",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2021-03-03T19:20:51Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine/tree/master/sae": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "meme-search-engine/sae at master · osmarks/meme-search-engine",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://datasets.osmarks.net/meme_sae/": {
        "title": "Index of /meme_sae/",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://datasets.osmarks.net/meme_sae_early_stopping/": {
        "title": "Index of /meme_sae_early_stopping/",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://transformer-circuits.pub/2022/toy_model/index.html": {
        "excerpt": "It would be very convenient if the individual neurons of artificial neural networks corresponded to cleanly interpretable features of the input. For example, in an “ideal” ImageNet classifier, each neuron would fire only in the presence of a specific visual feature, such as the color red, a left-facing curve, or a dog snout. Empirically, in models we have studied, some of the neurons do cleanly map to features. But it isn't always the case that features correspond so cleanly to neurons, especially in large language models where it actually seems rare for neurons to correspond to clean features. This brings up many questions. Why is it that neurons sometimes align with features and sometimes don't? Why do some models and tasks have many of these clean neurons, while they're vanishingly rare in others?",
        "title": "Toy Models of Superposition",
        "author": "Nelson Elhage∗,",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.alignmentforum.org/posts/z6QQJbtpkEAX3Aojj/interim-research-report-taking-features-out-of-superposition": {
        "excerpt": "We're thankful for helpful comments from Trenton Bricken, Eric Winsor, Noa Nabeshima, and Sid Black.  …",
        "title": "[Interim research report] Taking features out of superposition with sparse autoencoders",
        "author": "Lee Sharkey, Dan Braun, beren",
        "date": "2022-12-13T15:41:48.685Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2309.08600": {
        "excerpt": "One of the roadblocks to a better understanding of neural networks' internals is \\textit{polysemanticity}, where neurons appear to activate in multiple, semantically distinct contexts. Polysemanticity prevents us from identifying concise, human-understandable explanations for what neural networks are doing internally. One hypothesised cause of polysemanticity is \\textit{superposition}, where neural networks represent more features than they have neurons by assigning features to an overcomplete set of directions in activation space, rather than to individual neurons. Here, we attempt to identify those directions, using sparse autoencoders to reconstruct the internal activations of a language model. These autoencoders learn sets of sparsely activating features that are more interpretable and monosemantic than directions identified by alternative approaches, where interpretability is measured by automated methods. Moreover, we show that with our learned set of features, we can pinpoint the features that are causally responsible for counterfactual behaviour on the indirect object identification task \\citep{wang2022interpretability} to a finer degree than previous decompositions. This work indicates that it is possible to resolve superposition in language models using a scalable, unsupervised method. Our method may serve as a foundation for future mechanistic interpretability work, which we hope will enable greater model transparency and steerability.",
        "title": "Sparse Autoencoders Find Highly Interpretable Features in Language Models",
        "author": "[Submitted on 15 Sep 2023 (v1), last revised 4 Oct 2023 (this version, v3)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/Quqekpvx8BGMMcaem/interpreting-and-steering-features-in-images": {
        "excerpt": "We trained a SAE to find sparse features in image embeddings. We found many meaningful, interpretable, and steerable features. We find that steering…",
        "title": "Interpreting and Steering Features in Images",
        "author": "Gytis Daujotas",
        "date": "2024-06-20T18:33:59.512Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.04093": {
        "excerpt": "Sparse autoencoders provide a promising unsupervised approach for extracting interpretable features from a language model by reconstructing activations from a sparse bottleneck layer. Since language models learn many concepts, autoencoders need to be very large to recover all relevant features. However, studying the properties of autoencoder scaling is difficult due to the need to balance reconstruction and sparsity objectives and the presence of dead latents. We propose using k-sparse autoencoders [Makhzani and Frey, 2013] to directly control sparsity, simplifying tuning and improving the reconstruction-sparsity frontier. Additionally, we find modifications that result in few dead latents, even at the largest scales we tried. Using these techniques, we find clean scaling laws with respect to autoencoder size and sparsity. We also introduce several new metrics for evaluating feature quality based on the recovery of hypothesized features, the explainability of activation patterns, and the sparsity of downstream effects. These metrics all generally improve with autoencoder size. To demonstrate the scalability of our approach, we train a 16 million latent autoencoder on GPT-4 activations for 40 billion tokens. We release training code and autoencoders for open-source models, as well as a visualizer.",
        "title": "Scaling and evaluating sparse autoencoders",
        "author": "[Submitted on 6 Jun 2024]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.technicpack.net/modpack/tekkit.552560/mods": {
        "excerpt": "Throw a spear in a zombie's head! Cut a skeleton in half with your brand new halberd! Shoot some slimes in pieces with an old musket! And more!",
        "title": "Tekkit Classic - Technic Platform",
        "author": "by BalkondeurAlpha",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://web.archive.org/web/20120103012226/http://www.eloraam.com/": {
        "excerpt": "Someone in the comments asked me where I was going with RedPower, and for some reason, I ended up replying with an essay-length ramble about the history and inspiration of RedPower.  So I’ve decided to repost it here, with a few edits.",
        "title": "RedPower and Minia development! | Eloraam's Blog",
        "author": "Eloraam",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gamegenus.blogspot.com/2012/01/minecraft-sorting-and-smelting-system.html": {
        "excerpt": "Since building the Compact cobble generator  I've been expanding my base. This article describes the sorting and automatic smelting system I...",
        "title": "Minecraft: Sorting and smelting system using RedPower 2",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.feed-the-beast.com/modpacks/76-ftb-ultimate?tab=mods": {
        "excerpt": "The original jumbo FTB package created to provide the ultimate Minecraft adventure. This monster of a 1.4.7 pack has something for everyone: magic, technology, exploration, and everything in-between.",
        "title": "Feed The Beast - FTB Ultimate",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Feed The Beast",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://web.archive.org/web/20130301012622/http://ae-mod.info/ME-Storage-and-Automation/": {
        "excerpt": "Its pronounced Emm-Eee, and stands for Matter Energy.",
        "title": "ME Storage and Automation - Applied Energistics",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.feed-the-beast.com/modpacks/23-ftb-infinity-evolved-17?tab=mods": {
        "excerpt": "Now Includes Quests! Infinity Evolved adds game modes! Two modes are currently included; 'normal' and 'expert'.",
        "title": "Feed The Beast - FTB Infinity Evolved 1.7",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Feed The Beast",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://ftb.fandom.com/wiki/Getting_Started_(Logistics_Pipes)": {
        "excerpt": "You have probably heard about it. Maybe you are currently playing Infinity Evolved Expert Mode, or Infinity Evolved Skyblock, and you want to autocraft items because doing 20 crafting steps manually just to get a Hardened Jetpack becomes boring after a while. But Applied Energistics is so expensive! You will need something to automate crafting a long time before you can afford the required wrench. So people have been telling you to use Logistics Pipes. Or maybe you're just bored of using AE all",
        "title": "Getting Started (Logistics Pipes)",
        "author": "Contributors to Feed The Beast Wiki",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Fandom, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://forums.computercraft.cc/index.php?topic=87.0": {
        "excerpt": "Milo is an program for crafting and managing a storage network. Milo also has a wireless remote which transfers items directly to the player.",
        "title": "Milo - Crafting and Inventory System",
        "author": "kepler155c",
        "date": "2018-12-08T20:29:19",
        "website": "ComputerCraft Forums",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/squidDev-CC/artist": {
        "excerpt": "A Rather Tremendous Item SysTem. Contribute to SquidDev-CC/artist development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - SquidDev-CC/artist: A Rather Tremendous Item SysTem",
        "author": "SquidDev-CC",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/dragon": {
        "excerpt": "CC storage system dredged from random backups. Contribute to osmarks/dragon development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - osmarks/dragon: CC storage system dredged from random backups.",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/wyvern": {
        "excerpt": "Slightly newer storage system. Contribute to osmarks/wyvern development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - osmarks/wyvern: Slightly newer storage system.",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.osmarks.net/hypha/spectral": {
        "excerpt": "Spectral is GTech™'s flagship enterprise storage product, superseding Monopsony, with which it shares most of its UI code. Based on programmable ender chest technology, it is able to address 110592 slots (the equivalent of 1024 diamond chests) from multiple concurrent(ish) terminals. It uses a Node.js backend accessible by websocket to store an item index. Spectral incorporates autocrafting. Users may not acknowledge any problems or bugs in said autocrafting.",
        "title": "Spectral",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.mcjty.eu/docs/mods/xnet": {
        "excerpt": "Introduction",
        "title": "XNet | Mcjty",
        "author": "Mcjty",
        "date": null,
        "website": "McJty.Eu",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.reddit.com/r/feedthebeast/comments/8hdl35/a_guide_to_botania_corporea_networks_what_are/": {
        "excerpt": "Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform.\n          For more information, please see our\n        Cookie Notice\n        and our\n        Privacy Policy.",
        "title": "The heart of the internet",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.reddit.com/r/feedthebeast/comments/4dbmll/how_the_default_effect_ensured_rf_power_would_be/": {
        "excerpt": "Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform.\n          For more information, please see our\n        Cookie Notice\n        and our\n        Privacy Policy.",
        "title": "The heart of the internet",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://reikakalseki.github.io/minecraft/mods/rotarycraft.html": {
        "excerpt": "Why \"RotaryCraft\"? The power transmission. There are no wires, generators, or anything of the sort; Engines produce rotational power - torque and speed, with power being the product of the two - and it is transmitted by shafts, gearboxes, and other transmission devices to eventually reach the machines. Nearly every work-performing machine requires some minimum amount of torque, speed, or power - or combination thereof - or gains abilities at increasingly high inputs of the same.",
        "title": "RotaryCraft",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://ftbwiki.org/MineFactory_Reloaded": {
        "excerpt": "Owner - skyboy026\nContributor - TeamCoFH",
        "title": "MineFactory Reloaded - Feed The Beast Wiki",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://ftb.fandom.com/wiki/Lens_of_the_Miner": {
        "excerpt": "The Lens of the Miner is a Lens added by Actually Additions. When equipped, the Atomic Reconstructor will transform a Stone block (placed in front of it) into a random Ore at the additional cost of 60,000 extra Crystal Flux (CF) per block converted. It can also convert Netherrack to a Nether-based ore such as Nether Quartz for the cost of an additional 10,000 CF. The stone has to be placed and not dropped as an item entity. The chance of each ore being dropped is the weight of that ore over the",
        "title": "Lens of the Miner",
        "author": "Contributors to Feed The Beast Wiki",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Fandom, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://ftb.fandom.com/wiki/Void_Ore_Miner": {
        "excerpt": "The Void Ore Miner is a multiblock structure added by Environmental Tech. It can create various ores and crystals using energy (FE). It comes in 6 tiers. When supplied with enough FE, the Void Ore Miner will periodically generate ores of various types, which will be automatically output to inventories adjacent to the Controller. This process can be sped up by placing Speed Modifiers in the appropriate slots in the structure. Specific ores can be made more likely to appear by using a colored Lase",
        "title": "Void Ore Miner",
        "author": "Contributors to Feed The Beast Wiki",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Fandom, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://wiki.aidancbrady.com/wiki/Ore_Processing": {
        "excerpt": "Mekanism adds various tiers of ore processing for better ingot yields from Raw and Silk-Touch'ed Ore.",
        "title": "Ore Processing - Official Mekanism Wiki",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.minecraftforum.net/forums/mapping-and-modding-java-edition/minecraft-mods/1282288-1-2-5-equivalent-exchange-2-v1-4-6-7": {
        "excerpt": "Pahimar Notice: Please don't ETA/update bump this thread. The thread got locked once already for this and honestly, requesting ETAs and updates is against th...",
        "title": "[1.2.5] Equivalent Exchange 2 - v1.4.6.7 - Minecraft Mods - Mapping and Modding: Java Edition - Minecraft Forum",
        "author": "Pahimar",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://ftb.fandom.com/wiki/Research_(Thaumcraft_4)": {
        "excerpt": "This page is about the Research added by Thaumcraft 4. For other uses, see Research. Research is a core mechanic in Thaumcraft 4. It allows the player to advance in Thaumcraft and create items featured in the Thaumonomicon—any player that does not have the appropriate research learned will not be able to craft or infuse the item even when all the necessary components and vis are gathered. Topics to be researched can be changed in Thaumcraft's config file; by default it is on \"normal.\" On \"easy,\"",
        "title": "Research (Thaumcraft 4)",
        "author": "Contributors to Feed The Beast Wiki",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Fandom, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://ftb.fandom.com/wiki/Tinkers%27_Construct": {
        "excerpt": "Tinkers' Construct is a mod originally created by mDiyo and progwml6, now maintained by boni and KnightMiner. It adds new tools and weapons to Minecraft, along with other utility and aesthetic blocks. Tinkers' Construct adds various patterns which allows the player to make tool parts out of various materials such as Cactus, Paper and Obsidian. Each material has a unique property to it and may enhance the capabilities of the final product. Tinkers' Construct offers a large choice of tools ranging",
        "title": "Tinkers' Construct",
        "author": "Contributors to Feed The Beast Wiki",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Fandom, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://ftbwiki.org/QuantumSuit": {
        "excerpt": "Quantum Armor is top tier IndustrialCraft2 armor. Quantum Armor requires Iridium Plates to craft (as well as other top- or high-tier materials such as Lapotron Crystals, Reinforced Glass and so forth) which require A) diamonds, B) Advanced Alloys and C) Iridium Ingots. Iridium Ingots can either be created by using UU-Matter generated by a GregTech 4 Matterfabricator or by IndustrialCraft's Mass Fabricator if the Matterfabricator has been manually disabled in GregTech's configuration file. Before crafting a set of Quantum Armor, the player must craft a set of NanoSuit, which is used in the recipes of Quantum Armor. Quantum Armor also requires EU to function and must be charged in an MFSU.",
        "title": "QuantumSuit - Feed The Beast Wiki",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://ftbwiki.org/Modular_Powersuits": {
        "excerpt": "Modular Powersuits is a mod that adds powered armor and tool. This armor can be modified by using different modules which add special abilities, with the tradeoff that some items also add weight to the powersuit. If the player's equipped armor totals more than 25 kg[1] then extra weight above that slows down movement speed, making it harder to run or even impossible to swim against a water current.",
        "title": "Modular Powersuits - Feed The Beast Wiki",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://ftb.fandom.com/wiki/Chaos_Guardian": {
        "excerpt": "The Chaos Guardian is a boss added by Draconic Evolution. Each Chaos Island has a single Chaos Guardian that guards its Chaos Crystal. When killed it drops 1 Dragon Heart and gives access to the Chaos Crystal it is guarding. The Chaos Guardian, unlike almost all mobs, can damage and kill players in Creative mode. Just like the Ender Dragon, several crystals are scattered around the Chaos Island that will heal the Chaos Guardian and make it immune to damage. Each of them has 50 ( × 25) health, an",
        "title": "Chaos Guardian",
        "author": "Contributors to Feed The Beast Wiki",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Fandom, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.reddit.com/r/allthemods/comments/s12ho7/couldnt_beat_the_chaos_guardian_with_full/": {
        "excerpt": "Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform.\n          For more information, please see our\n        Cookie Notice\n        and our\n        Privacy Policy.",
        "title": "The heart of the internet",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://heav.apionet.net/blog": {
        "excerpt": "2025-03-07",
        "title": "blog",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.reddit.com/r/feedthebeast/comments/5qclhu/ae2_perfect_storage_cell_defragmentation/": {
        "excerpt": "Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform.\n          For more information, please see our\n        Cookie Notice\n        and our\n        Privacy Policy.",
        "title": "The heart of the internet",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://technical-minecraft.fandom.com/wiki/Quarry": {
        "excerpt": "A quarry is a contraption, that automatically removes all blocks from an area of indefinite size in a definite amount of time. Additionally quarries usually process the removed blocks in some way, meaning the blocks get broken and put into chests. Quarries belong to slime-stone technology. To do anything with all blocks in an area of indefinite size, the quarry must be able to somehow reach all the blocks in the area. If the area has an indefinite size, the coordinates of the blocks are at least",
        "title": "Quarry",
        "author": "Contributors to Technical Minecraft Wikia",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Fandom, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.ribbonfarm.com/2010/10/14/the-gervais-principle-iv-wonderful-human-beings/": {
        "excerpt": "Each of them – and they constitute 80% of humanity – is born the most beautiful baby in the world. Each is an above-average child; in fact the entire 80% is in the top 20% of human beings (it’s crowded up there). Each grows up knowing that he or she is deeply special in some way, and destined for a unique life that he or she is “meant” to live.",
        "title": "The Gervais Principle IV: Wonderful Human Beings",
        "author": "Venkatesh Rao",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/minoteaur": {
        "excerpt": "Wiki-style personal note-taking application. Contribute to osmarks/minoteaur development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - osmarks/minoteaur: Wiki-style personal note-taking application",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.dokuwiki.org/dokuwiki": {
        "excerpt": "DokuWiki is a simple to use and highly versatile Open Source wiki software that doesn't require a database. It is loved by users for its clean and readable syntax. The ease of maintenance, backup and integration makes it an administrator's favorite. Built in access controls and authentication connectors make DokuWiki especially useful in the enterprise context and the large number of plugins contributed by its vibrant community allow for a broad range of use cases beyond a traditional wiki.",
        "title": "dokuwiki [DokuWiki]",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://git.osmarks.net/osmarks/minoteaur": {
        "excerpt": "Wiki-style personal note-taking application. Highly experimental and released on the basis that someone might be interested somehow. Please do not use this for important things.",
        "title": "minoteaur",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "osmarks projects hosting",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.sbert.net/": {
        "excerpt": "Note",
        "title": "SentenceTransformers Documentation — Sentence Transformers documentation",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://nim-lang.org/docs/mm.html": {
        "excerpt": "\"The road to hell is paved with good intentions.\"",
        "title": "Nim's Memory Management",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://lambdalabs.com/gpu-workstations/vector-one": {
        "excerpt": "GPU desktop PC with a single NVIDIA RTX 4000 Ada Generation. Optimized for speed, value, and quiet operation. Tackle your AI and ML projects right from your desktop.",
        "title": "GPU desktop PC for deep learning | Lambda Vector One",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://pcpartpicker.com/": {
        "excerpt": "We provide part selection, pricing, and compatibility guidance for do-it-yourself computer builders.",
        "title": "Pick parts. Build your PC. Compare and share. - PCPartPicker",
        "author": "SaintSkye",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.reddit.com/r/buildapc/": {
        "excerpt": "Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform.\n          For more information, please see our\n        Cookie Notice\n        and our\n        Privacy Policy.",
        "title": "The heart of the internet",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/Dao-AILab/flash-attention": {
        "excerpt": "Fast and memory-efficient exact attention. Contribute to Dao-AILab/flash-attention development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - Dao-AILab/flash-attention: Fast and memory-efficient exact attention",
        "author": "Dao-AILab",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://rocm.docs.amd.com/projects/radeon/en/latest/docs/compatibility.html": {
        "excerpt": "This section provides information on the compatibility of ROCm™ components, Radeon™ GPUs, and the Radeon Software for Linux® version (Kernel Fusion Driver) and Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL).",
        "title": "Compatibility matrices — Use ROCm on Radeon GPUs",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://geohot.github.io/blog/jekyll/update/2023/06/07/a-dive-into-amds-drivers.html": {
        "excerpt": "I ended up getting a response from high level people at AMD. It was still very light on any real technical information, but it did include some great phrases like “I am able to replicate the issues you are facing” and some mockable phrases like “We are hoping that this will improve your perception of AMD products and this will be reflected in your public messaging.”",
        "title": "A dive into the AMD driver workflow",
        "author": null,
        "date": "2023-06-07T00:00:00+08:00",
        "website": "the singularity is nearer",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gpuopen.com/learn/wmma_on_rdna3/": {
        "excerpt": "This blog is a quick how-to guide for using the WMMA feature with our RDNA 3 GPU architecture using a Hello World example.",
        "title": "How to accelerate AI applications on RDNA 3 using WMMA",
        "author": "Aaryaman Vasishta",
        "date": null,
        "website": "AMD GPUOpen",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/intel/intel-xpu-backend-for-triton": {
        "excerpt": "OpenAI Triton backend for Intel® GPUs. Contribute to intel/intel-xpu-backend-for-triton development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - intel/intel-xpu-backend-for-triton: OpenAI Triton backend for Intel® GPUs",
        "author": "intel",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/intel/intel-extension-for-pytorch": {
        "excerpt": "A Python package for extending the official PyTorch that can easily obtain performance on Intel platform - intel/intel-extension-for-pytorch",
        "title": "GitHub - intel/intel-extension-for-pytorch: A Python package for extending the official PyTorch that can easily obtain performance on Intel platform",
        "author": "intel",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.mersenneforum.org/showthread.php?p=614191": {
        "excerpt": "Embargo has lifted! So here's that teardown I've promised!\n\nI won't get into how this happened, but AMD graciously sent me two test setups this year. A retail Zen3 setup back in January, and an engineering Zen4 setup in August.\n\n The motivation here is to let me optimize y-cruncher for these chips. In the case for Zen4, it",
        "title": "Zen4's AVX512 Teardown - mersenneforum.org",
        "author": "Mysticial",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://chipsandcheese.com/2021/12/02/popping-the-hood-on-golden-cove/": {
        "excerpt": "Alder Lake (ADL) is the most exciting Intel launch in more than half a decade.",
        "title": "Popping the Hood on Golden Cove",
        "author": "Chester Lam",
        "date": "2021-12-02T19:47:59+00:00",
        "website": "Chips and Cheese",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://chipsandcheese.com/2021/12/21/gracemont-revenge-of-the-atom-cores/": {
        "excerpt": "This article can be considered a part 2 to our Golden Cove article because today we are looking at the other core in Alder Lake, Gracemont.",
        "title": "Gracemont: Revenge of the Atom Cores",
        "author": "Chester Lam",
        "date": "2021-12-21T23:21:26+00:00",
        "website": "Chips and Cheese",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.reddit.com/r/LocalLLaMA/search?q=p40&restrict_sr=on&sort=relevance&t=all": {
        "excerpt": "Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform.\n          For more information, please see our\n        Cookie Notice\n        and our\n        Privacy Policy.",
        "title": "The heart of the internet",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-R1": {
        "excerpt": "Contribute to deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-R1 development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-R1",
        "author": "deepseek-ai",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V3": {
        "excerpt": "Contribute to deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V3 development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V3",
        "author": "deepseek-ai",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://digitalspaceport.com/how-to-run-deepseek-r1-671b-fully-locally-on-2000-epyc-rig/": {
        "excerpt": "Let’s start with the good news. I got very solid performance off the same baseline AMD EPYC Rome system that has been at the core of our entire journey 😁 That initial parts selection has remained fantastic! Owners of that system are going to get some great news today also as they can hit between 4.25 to 3.5 TPS (tokens per second) on the Q4 671b full model. This is important as the distilled versions are simply not the same at all. They are vastly inferior and other models out perform them handily. Running the full model, with a 16K or greater context window, is indeed the pathway to the real experience and it is worthwhile. Since this runs decent enough on CPU alone it also can hang out while you run smaller models, like vision models, at the same time. To reiterate, this will not fully run in only GPU VRAM alone unless you have a massive rig. I will show you all the tips and tricks to get this working. It is not “easy” but if you like tech tinkering it is a lot of fun.",
        "title": "How To Run Deepseek R1 671b Fully Locally On a $2000 EPYC Server – Digital Spaceport",
        "author": "DSP\t\t\t\t\t\t",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://nonint.com/2022/05/30/my-deep-learning-rig/": {
        "excerpt": "A lot of people have asked about the computers I used to train TorToiSe. I’ve been meaning to snap some pictures, but it’s never “convenient” to turn these servers off so I keep procrastinating.",
        "title": "My deep learning rig – Non_Interactive – Software & ML",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://tinygrad.org/": {
        "excerpt": "We write and maintain tinygrad, the fastest growing neural\n    network framework (over 23,000 GitHub stars)",
        "title": "A simple and powerful neural network framework",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.mov-axbx.com/wopr/wopr_concept.html": {
        "excerpt": "Building WOPR: A 7x4090 AI Server",
        "title": "Building WOPR: A 7x4090 AI Server",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://vast.ai/": {
        "excerpt": "Reduce your cloud compute costs by 3-5X with the best cloud GPU rentals. Vast.ai's simple search interface allows fair comparison of GPU rentals from all providers.",
        "title": "Rent GPUs | Vast.ai",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Vast AI",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://timdettmers.com/2023/01/30/which-gpu-for-deep-learning/": {
        "excerpt": "Here, I provide an in-depth analysis of GPUs for deep learning/machine learning and explain what is the best GPU for your use-case and budget.",
        "title": "The Best GPUs for Deep Learning in 2023 — An In-depth Analysis",
        "author": "Tim Dettmers",
        "date": "2023-01-30T15:50:00+00:00",
        "website": "Tim Dettmers",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.flickr.com/photos/130561288@N04/53156939446/": {
        "excerpt": "Nvidia GeForce RTX 4090 (AD102 | Ada Lovelace)  (Polysilicon | Macro | Near Infrared | 7955 dpi)  (23.357 x 26.366 [615.83mm²][physical die-size]) (~23.14 x ~26.22 [605.81mm²][w/o scribe lines])",
        "title": "Nvidia@5nm@AdaLovelace@AD102@GeForce_RTX_4090@S_TW_2324A1_U2F028.MOW_AD102-301-A1___DSCx6@IR",
        "author": "Fritzchens Fritz",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Flickr",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.boston.co.uk/blog/2021/03/09/boston-labs-tests-nvidia-nvlink.aspx": {
        "excerpt": "Posted on 09 March, 2021",
        "title": "Boston Labs Tests NVIDIA NVLink",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/tinygrad/open-gpu-kernel-modules": {
        "excerpt": "NVIDIA Linux open GPU with P2P support. Contribute to tinygrad/open-gpu-kernel-modules development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - tinygrad/open-gpu-kernel-modules: NVIDIA Linux open GPU with P2P support",
        "author": "tinygrad",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.unihertz.com/products/titan-pocket": {
        "excerpt": "Unihertz Titan Pocket is an ultimate small rugged phone with the QWERTY physical keyboard. With good spacing and tactile performance, the physical keyboard enables you to tap with the pads of your thumbs or the tips of fingernails faster and more accurately. Order now!",
        "title": "Titan Pocket - The New QWERTY Android 11 Smartphone",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Unihertz",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/draft-online-safety-bill": {
        "excerpt": "The draft Online Safety Bill establishes a new regulatory framework to tackle harmful content online.",
        "title": "Draft Online Safety Bill",
        "author": "Department for Science, Innovation and Technology",
        "date": "2021-05-12T12:26:17+01:00",
        "website": "GOV.UK",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://techcrunch.com/2021/05/12/uk-publishes-draft-online-safety-bill/": {
        "excerpt": "The U.K. government has published its long-trailed (child) \"safety-focused\" plan to regulate online content and speech. The Online Safety Bill has been in",
        "title": "UK publishes draft Online Safety Bill",
        "author": "Natasha Lomas",
        "date": "2021-05-12T13:58:58+00:00",
        "website": "TechCrunch",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.openrightsgroup.org/blog/access-denied-service-blocking-in-the-online-safety-bill/": {
        "excerpt": "As the Online Safety Bill approaches the pre-legislative scrutiny process, attention is being drawn to the powers which government will have to redefine, constrain, and censor the boundaries of our free and legal speech.",
        "title": "Access denied: Service blocking in the Online Safety Bill",
        "author": "06 Jul 2021",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Open Rights Group",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://matrix.org/blog/2021/05/19/how-the-u-ks-online-safety-bill-threatens-matrix": {
        "excerpt": "Click here to be redirected.",
        "title": "Redirect",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.theregister.com/2021/06/23/online_safety_bill_legal_type_legal_say/": {
        "excerpt": "MPs and activists join forces to fight 'dangerous' legal threat",
        "title": "Campaigners warn of an 'algorithm-driven censorship' future if UK Online Safety Bill gets through Parliament",
        "author": "Gareth Corfield",
        "date": "2021-06-23T15:00:05Z",
        "website": "The Register",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-57569336": {
        "excerpt": "A new campaign claims it outsources internet policing to Silicon Valley.",
        "title": "Online Safety Bill 'catastrophic for free speech'",
        "author": "BBC News",
        "date": "2021-06-23T13:39:47.000Z",
        "website": "BBC News",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://cpj.org/2021/05/uk-online-safety-bill-raises-censorship-concerns-and-questions-on-future-of-encryption/": {
        "excerpt": "The U.K. government emphasized press freedom this month when it published the draft online safety bill for social media companies, pledging that the bill would protect both “citizen journalism” and “recognized news publishers” from censorship. Vocal segments of the media not only welcomed the legislation, but actively campaigned for it. When Oliver Dowden, secretary of...",
        "title": "UK online safety bill raises censorship concerns and questions on future of encryption",
        "author": "Madeline Earp",
        "date": "2021-05-25T15:21:59+00:00",
        "website": "Committee to Protect Journalists",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.openrightsgroup.org/blog/is-government-preparing-to-censor-discussions-about-migration/": {
        "excerpt": "Over the weekend, you may have seen news reports discussing how Home Secretary Priti Patel has ordered social media companies to remove posts which “glamourise” dangerous migrant crossings from Europe.",
        "title": "Is government preparing to censor discussions about migration?",
        "author": "09 Jun 2021",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Open Rights Group",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/international-statement-end-to-end-encryption-and-public-safety": {
        "excerpt": "International statement calling on tech companies to ensure end-to-end encryption is not implemented in a way that erodes public safety.",
        "title": "International statement: End-to-end encryption and public safety",
        "author": "Home Office",
        "date": "2020-10-11T00:00:00+01:00",
        "website": "GOV.UK",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20210402/23434546545/uk-politicians-getting-serious-about-ending-end-to-end-encryption.shtml": {
        "excerpt": "Last week we noted that there was some fairly mixed up pressure mounting on UK politicians to block encryption from some confused charities which (falsely) thought that ending encryption would some…",
        "title": "UK Politicians Getting Serious About Ending End-To-End Encryption",
        "author": "Tue, Apr 6th 2021 09:36am - \t",
        "date": "2021-04-06T09:36:49+00:00",
        "website": "Techdirt",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20190928/18254143088/no-new-agreement-to-share-data-between-us-uk-law-enforcement-does-not-require-encryption-backdoors.shtml": {
        "excerpt": "It’s no secret many in the UK government want backdoored encryption. The UK wing of the Five Eyes surveillance conglomerate says the only thing that should be “absolute” is the go…",
        "title": "No, The New Agreement To Share Data Between US And UK Law Enforcement Does Not Require Encryption Backdoors",
        "author": "Mon, Sep 30th 2019 09:31am - \t",
        "date": "2019-09-30T09:31:01+00:00",
        "website": "Techdirt",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.childrenscommissioner.gov.uk/report/access-denied-how-end-to-end-encryption-threatens-childrens-safety-online/": {
        "excerpt": "This briefing aims to understand which apps and sites children and teens are using to communicate, and to find out more about what they are sharing on",
        "title": "Access denied: How end-to-end encryption threatens children's safety online | Children's Commissioner for England",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Children's Commissioner for England",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.gov.uk/guidance/private-and-public-channels-improve-the-safety-of-your-online-platform": {
        "excerpt": "Practical steps to manage the risk of online harm if your online platform allows people to interact, and to share text and other content.",
        "title": "Private and public channels: improve the safety of your online platform",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "GOV.UK",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://techcrunch.com/2021/06/30/uk-tells-messaging-apps-not-to-use-e2e-encryption-for-kids-accounts/": {
        "excerpt": "For a glimpse of the security and privacy dystopia the UK government has in store for its highly regulated 'British Internet', look no further than",
        "title": "UK tells messaging apps not to use E2E encryption for kids’ accounts",
        "author": "Natasha Lomas",
        "date": "2021-06-30T12:43:09+00:00",
        "website": "TechCrunch",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.openrightsgroup.org/blog/endgame-for-end-to-end-encryption/": {
        "excerpt": "Today, Wired has reported that the Home Office is actively exploring legal and technical mechanisms to compel Facebook and WhatsApp to break end-to-end encrypted messaging.",
        "title": "Endgame for end-to-end encryption",
        "author": "01 Apr 2021",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Open Rights Group",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/apr/04/amber-rudd-necessary-hashtags-confusion-online-images-videos-home-office": {
        "excerpt": "Home Office minister says home secretary was talking about hashes, which are used to detect recurring images or videos online",
        "title": "Minister explains Rudd's 'necessary hashtags' after week of confusion",
        "author": "Alex Hern",
        "date": "2017-04-04T10:00:15.000Z",
        "website": "The Guardian",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AES_instruction_set": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "AES instruction set",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2009-06-04T15:33:38Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://matrix.org/blog/2020/10/19/combating-abuse-in-matrix-without-backdoors": {
        "excerpt": "Matrix, the open protocol for secure decentralised communications",
        "title": "Combating abuse in Matrix - without backdoors.",
        "author": "Matthew Hodgson",
        "date": "2020-10-19T00:00+00:00",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://boingboing.net/2012/01/10/lockdown.html": {
        "excerpt": "Cory Doctorow on how the copyright wars clue us into an upcoming fight over the destiny of the general-purpose computer.",
        "title": "Lockdown: The coming war on general-purpose computing",
        "author": "Cory Doctorow",
        "date": "2012-01-10T18:55:44+00:00",
        "website": "Boing Boing",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://appleprivacyletter.com/": {
        "excerpt": "Comprehensive guides on LLC and business formation and management essentials with LLCBuddy - your business formation & management partner.",
        "title": "LLCBuddy® - Your Business Formation & Management Buddy",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "LLCBuddy",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/anishathalye/neural-hash-collider": {
        "excerpt": "Preimage attack against NeuralHash 💣. Contribute to anishathalye/neural-hash-collider development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - anishathalye/neural-hash-collider: Preimage attack against NeuralHash 💣",
        "author": "anishathalye",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/AsuharietYgvar/AppleNeuralHash2ONNX": {
        "excerpt": "Convert Apple NeuralHash model for CSAM Detection to ONNX. - AsuharietYgvar/AppleNeuralHash2ONNX",
        "title": "GitHub - AsuharietYgvar/AppleNeuralHash2ONNX: Convert Apple NeuralHash model for CSAM Detection to ONNX.",
        "author": "AsuharietYgvar",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.theverge.com/2021/8/18/22630439/apple-csam-neuralhash-collision-vulnerability-flaw-cryptography": {
        "excerpt": "Security researchers claim to have found a flaw in Apple’s forthcoming iOS feature that scans users’ devices for CSAM. The flaw could potentially allow attackers to generate false positives in the system. Apple has yet to respond to the researchers’ findings.",
        "title": "Apple says collision in child-abuse hashing system is not a concern",
        "author": "Russell Brandom",
        "date": "2021-08-18T14:13:52+00:00",
        "website": "The Verge",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://bdtechtalks.com/2020/08/03/machine-learning-adversarial-image-scaling/": {
        "excerpt": "Adversarial image scaling takes advantage of image resizing algorithms to fool machine learning algorithms",
        "title": "Image-scaling attacks highlight dangers of adversarial machine learning - TechTalks",
        "author": "Ben Dickson",
        "date": "2020-08-03T13:00:01+00:00",
        "website": "TechTalks - Technology solving problems... and creating new ones",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28238071": {
        "excerpt": "Okay, let's play peon. Here are three perfectly legal and work-safe thumbnails of a famous singer: https://imgur.com/a/j40fMex. The singer is underage in precisely one of the three photos. Can you decide which one?",
        "title": "Okay, let's play peon. Here are three perfectly legal and work-safe thumbnails o...",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.apple.com/child-safety/": {
        "excerpt": "Expanded Protections for Children",
        "title": "Child Safety",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Apple",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.royalroad.com/fiction/42367/12-miles-below/": {
        "excerpt": "The world is in ruins. \nExtreme sub-zero temperatures suffocate the surface, making even simple survival an ordeal. Frozen derelicts of bygone eras span across massive ice wastes. And the survivors closely guard any technology rediscovered within.\nThe only escape from the deadly climate is beneath the surface. But it’s another disaster underground. (...)",
        "title": "12 Miles Below",
        "author": "Follow Author",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Royal Road",
        "auto": true
    },
    "http://www.scp-wiki.net/antimemetics-division-hub": {
        "excerpt": "The SCP Foundation's 'top-secret' archives, declassified for your enjoyment.",
        "title": "Antimemetics Division Hub - SCP Foundation",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "The SCP Foundation",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://qntm.org/fiction": {
        "excerpt": "THERE IS NO ANTIMEMETICS DIVISION\n\nComing soon.\n\nOther books\n\nMore recent books are at the top.\n\n\nValuable Humans in Transit and Other Stories\nThere Is No Antimemetics Division (V1)\nRa\nFine Structure\nEd\n\n\n30 First Drafts\n\n\n30 More First Drafts (subdirectory)\n3...",
        "title": "Fiction",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/59521676-bastion": {
        "excerpt": "Scorio will rise from the ashes to conquer the ten laye…",
        "title": "Bastion (The Immortal Great Souls, #1)",
        "author": "Phil Tucker48 books1,173 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/27790093-the-combat-codes": {
        "excerpt": "SPFBO Award Finalist for Best Fantasy Book (2020) \"We f…",
        "title": "The Combat Codes (The Combat Codes Saga #1)",
        "author": "Alexander Darwin5 books245 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.royalroad.com/fiction/15925/the-daily-grind": {
        "excerpt": "A terminally bored IT guy finds a sub-dimension in the back stairwell of his office building.  It escalates from there.\n\nNow on Amazon",
        "title": "The Daily Grind",
        "author": "Follow Author",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Royal Road",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/77711.A_Fire_Upon_the_Deep": {
        "excerpt": "Alternate Cover Edition can be found here.   A Fire upo…",
        "title": "A Fire Upon the Deep (Zones of Thought, #1)",
        "author": "Vernor Vinge118 books2,569 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discworld": {
        "excerpt": "Cover of the first edition of The Colour of Magic; art by Alan Smith",
        "title": "Discworld",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2001-11-05T18:02:06Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13147230-the-long-earth": {
        "excerpt": "1916: the Western Front. Private Percy Blakeney wakes u…",
        "title": "The Long Earth (The Long Earth, #1)",
        "author": "Terry Pratchett607 books44.8k followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/series/159695-the-divine-cities": {
        "excerpt": "City of Stairs (The Divine Cities, #1), City of Blades (The Divine Cities, #2), City of Miracles (The Divine Cities, #3), and The Divine Cities Trilogy",
        "title": "The Divine Cities Series by Robert Jackson Bennett",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.royalroad.com/fiction/25442/doing-gods-work": {
        "excerpt": "Check below for Amazon and Audible links for Books 1-3. Pre-edited Book 4 is currently still available on Royal Road.\n---\nThe gods are real and incorporated. Providence is a profitable global monopoly. \nBut its chief executive is a corrupt authoritarian, the combined might of the divine powers is ignoring humanity’s problems, and Helpdesk service is, (...)",
        "title": "Doing God's Work",
        "author": "Follow Author",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Royal Road",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Edge_Chronicles": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "The Edge Chronicles",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2004-07-15T22:46:44Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/22701594-endeavour": {
        "excerpt": "Since we first looked at the stars, there has been a si…",
        "title": "Endeavour (The Sleeping Gods, #1)",
        "author": "Ralph Kern36 books95 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ender%27s_Game": {
        "excerpt": "1985 first edition (hardcover)",
        "title": "Ender's Game",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2001-09-22T16:40:34Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/series/56399-the-expanse": {
        "excerpt": "The Expanse is a 10 book (9 novels & 1 short fiction collection) science fiction series from James S.A. Corey, the pen name for a collaboration between D...",
        "title": "The Expanse Series by James S.A. Corey",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.royalroad.com/fiction/28639/as-the-godking-wills": {
        "excerpt": "The Empire and the Church span almost the entirety of the known world, absent some pockets of lawlessness and the realms of the deceiver. \nThey are governed as a despotic theocracy, ruled in name by the solitary and omnipotent God, Al'Shazan.In practice, Al'Shazan is bored, flighty, cruel and has little interest in ruling the Empire. \nInstead the Empire (...)",
        "title": "As the Godking Wills",
        "author": "Follow Author",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Royal Road",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Omens": {
        "excerpt": "This article is about the 1990 novel. For the 2019 TV series based on it, see Good Omens (TV series).",
        "title": "Good Omens",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2002-09-01T05:31:59Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/series/160439-the-machineries-of-empire": {
        "excerpt": "The Machineries of Empire is a trilogy (Ninefox Gambit, Raven Stratagem, and Revenant Gun), but there are some additional short stories in the world of t...",
        "title": "The Machineries of Empire Series by Yoon Ha Lee",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/22838183-firefall": {
        "excerpt": "This is the Omnibus edition of Blindsight and Echopraxi…",
        "title": "Firefall (Firefall, #1-2)",
        "author": "Peter Watts185 books3,395 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/36510759-the-freeze-frame-revolution": {
        "excerpt": "How do you stage a mutiny when you’re only awake one da…",
        "title": "The Freeze-Frame Revolution",
        "author": "Peter Watts185 books3,395 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/series/40957-hitchhiker-s-guide-to-the-galaxy": {
        "excerpt": "Each book in the series is (mostly) a whole story with a beginning and an end; however, the plot (and characters) of every book relies   very heavily o...",
        "title": "The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy Series by Douglas Adams",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1126719.House_of_Suns": {
        "excerpt": "Six million years ago, at the dawn of the star-faring e…",
        "title": "House of Suns",
        "author": "Alastair Reynolds303 books8,906 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/series/40910-mistborn": {
        "excerpt": "Books #1-3 are the original trilogy to be read together.Books #4-7 are the Wax and Wayne series that take place 300 years later.Books #8-10 are set to ...",
        "title": "The Mistborn Saga by Brandon Sanderson",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/series/128485-heartstrikers": {
        "excerpt": "DFZ is a series set 20 years later in the same world.DFZ Changeling is also in the same world. Nice Dragons Finish Last (Heartstrikers, #1), Mother of ...",
        "title": "Heartstrikers Series by Rachel Aaron",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.orionsarm.com/xcms.php?r=oaeg-front": {
        "excerpt": "BY LETTER",
        "title": "Orion's Arm - Encyclopedia Galactica",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://forums.spacebattles.com/threads/a-practical-guide-to-sorcery-mage-punk-progression-fantasy.866065/": {
        "excerpt": "Siobhan will do anything to learn magic.\n\nBut she's just been banned from the country's only magical university.\n\nAs the unwitting accomplice to the theft of a priceless magical artifact, she has suddenly become a wanted criminal. There are fates worse than death, and if caught, she will face...",
        "title": "A Practical Guide to Sorcery (Mage-punk Progression Fantasy)",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "SpaceBattles",
        "auto": true
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    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/7562764-the-quantum-thief": {
        "excerpt": "Jean le Flambeur gets up in the morning and has to kill…",
        "title": "The Quantum Thief (Jean le Flambeur, #1)",
        "author": "Hannu Rajaniemi54 books1,374 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gwern.net/review/quantum-thief": {
        "excerpt": "Explanation of the emotional core of <em>The Quantum Thief</em>’s exploration of the trap of persistent personal identity and seeking freedom.",
        "title": "Review Of <em>The Quantum Thief</em> Trilogy",
        "author": "Gwern",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/37946419-sixteen-ways-to-defend-a-walled-city": {
        "excerpt": "This is the story of Orhan, son of Siyyah Doctus Felix …",
        "title": "Sixteen Ways to Defend a Walled City (The Siege, #1)",
        "author": "K.J. Parker133 books1,596 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/156780.Schild_s_Ladder": {
        "excerpt": "Twenty thousand years into the future, an experiment in…",
        "title": "Schild's Ladder",
        "author": "Greg Egan256 books2,623 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/156782.Luminous": {
        "excerpt": "LUMINOUS collects together one original story plus nine…",
        "title": "Luminous",
        "author": "Greg Egan256 books2,623 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6741362-oceanic": {
        "excerpt": "Collected together here for the first time are twelve s…",
        "title": "Oceanic",
        "author": "Greg Egan256 books2,623 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/50641444-instantiation": {
        "excerpt": "“Instantiation” is a collection of eleven science ficti…",
        "title": "Instantiation",
        "author": "Greg Egan256 books2,623 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/34403860-sufficiently-advanced-magic": {
        "excerpt": "Five years ago, Corin Cadence’s brother entered the Ser…",
        "title": "Sufficiently Advanced Magic (Arcane Ascension, #1)",
        "author": "Andrew Rowe23 books3,961 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/40651883-snow-crash": {
        "excerpt": "In reality, Hiro Protagonist delivers pizza for Uncle E…",
        "title": "Snow Crash",
        "author": "Neal Stephenson136 books28k followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/981841.Starrigger": {
        "excerpt": "Independent space trucker Jake McGraw, accompanied by h…",
        "title": "Starrigger (Skyway, #1)",
        "author": "John DeChancie68 books109 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/223380.Stories_of_Your_Life_and_Others": {
        "excerpt": "What if men built a tower from Earth to Heaven-and brok…",
        "title": "Stories of Your Life and Others",
        "author": "Ted Chiang27 books10.6k followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/41160292-exhalation": {
        "excerpt": "In these nine stunningly original, provocative, and poi…",
        "title": "Exhalation",
        "author": "Ted Chiang27 books10.6k followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/series/287542-street-cultivation": {
        "excerpt": "Street Cultivation (Street Cultivation, #1), Street Cultivation 2 (Street Cultivation, #2), and Street Cultivation 3 (Street Cultivation, #3)",
        "title": "Street Cultivation Series by Sarah Lin",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
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    "https://www.royalroad.com/fiction/83315/systema-delenda-est": {
        "excerpt": "Book One: Invading The System\nWhen the System came to Earth, technology failed, monsters appeared, and billions died as humans were inducted into the game-like physics the System enforced. \nUnfortunately for the System, not all humans were on Earth.  Some scattered postbiological individuals decided to push it back, and embarked on a decade-long crusade (...)",
        "title": "Systema Delenda Est",
        "author": "Follow Author",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Royal Road",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.royalroad.com/fiction/73475/chasing-sunlight": {
        "excerpt": "Book now available on Amazon!\nIn a world of lightless skies and endless secrets, humanity is a vigil of light against the eternal darkness.  Under the imprimatur of the Illuminated King and the nefarious endorsement of the Reflected Council, a veteran explorer assembles an expedition to the far east.  A place that no sane and god-fearing man would ever (...)",
        "title": "Chasing Sunlight",
        "author": "Follow Author",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Royal Road",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/199142773-theft-of-fire": {
        "excerpt": "At the frozen edge of the solar system lies a hidden tr…",
        "title": "Theft of Fire (Orbital Space #1)",
        "author": "Devon Eriksen1 book181 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13539191-three-parts-dead": {
        "excerpt": "A god has died, and it’s up to Tara, first-year associa…",
        "title": "Three Parts Dead (Craft Sequence, #1)",
        "author": "Max Gladstone121 books2,457 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.royalroad.com/fiction/60396/thresholder": {
        "excerpt": "This is Perry's third world, or fourth if you count Earth. In the first, there was Richter, a brilliant scientist who gave Perry a working suit of power armor before dying to an attack by an adversary that seemed to come from nowhere. In the second world, he became a knight fighting in a war against a callous enemy. There are others like him, thresholders, (...)",
        "title": "Thresholder",
        "author": "Follow Author",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Royal Road",
        "auto": true
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    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/29939057-void-star": {
        "excerpt": "A riveting, beautifully written, fugue-like novel of AI…",
        "title": "Void Star",
        "author": "Zachary Mason7 books301 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/2199365.The_Lost_Books_of_the_Odyssey": {
        "excerpt": "A brilliant and beguiling  reimagining  of one of our g…",
        "title": "The Lost Books of the Odyssey",
        "author": "Zachary Mason7 books301 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/32109569-we-are-legion-we-are-bob": {
        "excerpt": "Alternate Cover Edition can be found here.   Bob Johans…",
        "title": "We Are Legion (We Are Bob) (Bobiverse, #1)",
        "author": "Dennis E. Taylor24 books8,687 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.datapacrat.com/IO.SYS.html": {
        "excerpt": "A rationalist, hard-SF, abstract horror short story.",
        "title": "IO.SYS",
        "author": "DataPacRat",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.reddit.com/r/HPMOR/comments/2xqtzu/harry_potter_and_the_methods_of_superrationality/": {
        "excerpt": "Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform.\n          For more information, please see our\n        Cookie Notice\n        and our\n        Privacy Policy.",
        "title": "The heart of the internet",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.reddit.com/r/rational/comments/2r50cf/rtthe_matrix_you_think_thats_air_youre_breathing/": {
        "excerpt": "Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform.\n          For more information, please see our\n        Cookie Notice\n        and our\n        Privacy Policy.",
        "title": "The heart of the internet",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://medium.com/@arenavanera/a-boring-test-in-a-room-5e80f775a44": {
        "excerpt": "A cloaked figure loomed in front of us, leaning heavily on his\nlectern. He spoke, dropping his voice to a dusty wheeze: “You have\ndone well to come this far…” The Demonarium always stood on ceremony…",
        "title": "A boring test in a room - arenavanera - Medium",
        "author": "arenavanera",
        "date": "2017-05-26T06:16:24.192Z",
        "website": "Medium",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.google.com/document/d/1UiGUYFm3CfO_6Z_dDIZUsU3P4izjY6FAOq6BGLbeIMk/edit": {
        "excerpt": "3For God-like power, all I need is one bit     Chapter #1 – Discovery Chapter #2 – Replication Chapter #3 – Hypothesis Generation Chapter #4 – Experimentation Chapter #5 – Parallelization  Chapter #1 – Discovery   Darren twisted his screwdriver several times to secure the back panel of the machi...",
        "title": "For God-like power, all I need is one bit",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Google Docs",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lightspeedmagazine.com/fiction/the-cambist-and-lord-iron-a-fairy-tale-of-economics/": {
        "excerpt": "For as many years as anyone in the city could remember, Olaf Neddelsohn had been the cambist of the Magdalen Gate postal authority. Every morning, he could be seen making the trek from his rooms in the boarding house on State Street, down past the street vendors with their apples and cheese, and into the bowels of the underground railway, only to emerge at the station across the wide boulevard from Magdalen Gate.",
        "title": "The Cambist and Lord Iron: A Fairy Tale of Economics - Lightspeed Magazine",
        "author": "John Joseph Adams",
        "date": "2013-01-01T11:01:29+00:00",
        "website": "Lightspeed Magazine",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://archiveofourown.org/works/22394524": {
        "excerpt": "An Archive of Our Own, a project of the\n    Organization for Transformative Works",
        "title": "One Compile Man - PermutationGroupS7 - ワンパンマン",
        "author": "Organization for Transformative Works",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://vi-fi.github.io/Immortem.html": {
        "excerpt": "107 IN THE EVENT that a barbarian horde arrives at your gates, time is of the essence. Therefore, this section is written to be short, but not necessarily thorough; for a more in-depth treatment of siege situations, consult scroll 173, verses 120-340.",
        "title": "Immortem",
        "author": "vi-fi",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://vi-fi.github.io/Compressibility.html": {
        "excerpt": "The room was stainless steel. From the table to the chairs, the three-meter high walls, the nine square meters of floor, everything. The almost twenty-seven cubic meters of air were suffused with its smell, a heavy iron stench that made a tin can of the room. Cold blue light came from everywhere and nowhere.",
        "title": "Compressibility",
        "author": "vi-fi",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lightspeedmagazine.com/fiction/the-long-chase/": {
        "excerpt": "2645, January. The war is over. The survivors are being rounded up and converted. In the inner solar system, those of my companions who survived the ferocity of the fighting have already been converted. But here at the very edge of the Oort Cloud, all things go slowly. It will be years, perhaps decades, before the victorious enemy come out here. But with the slow inevitability of gravity, like an outward wave of entropy, they will come.",
        "title": "The Long Chase - Lightspeed Magazine",
        "author": "John Joseph Adams",
        "date": "2010-09-14T10:01:53+00:00",
        "website": "Lightspeed Magazine",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://clarkesworldmagazine.com/watts_01_10/": {
        "excerpt": "Clarkesworld Science Fiction and Fantasy Magazine and Podcast. This page: The Things by Peter Watts",
        "title": "Clarkesworld Magazine - Science Fiction & Fantasy",
        "author": "by Peter Watts",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Clarkesworld Magazine",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://slatestarcodex.com/2014/04/03/the-study-of-anglophysics/": {
        "excerpt": "I. Dear Dr. McCord: Seven years ago, our research staff read with interest your work on Berkeleyan idealism. We were particularly fascinated by your seemingly outrageous claim that it might be poss…",
        "title": "The Study of Anglophysics",
        "author": "Posted on",
        "date": "2014-04-03T17:36:55+00:00",
        "website": "Slate Star Codex",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://archiveofourown.org/works/3673335": {
        "excerpt": "An Archive of Our Own, a project of the\n    Organization for Transformative Works",
        "title": "Stargate Physics 101 - DRMacIver - Stargate",
        "author": "Organization for Transformative Works",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://archiveofourown.org/works/9233966/chapters/20941043": {
        "excerpt": "An Archive of Our Own, a project of the\n    Organization for Transformative Works",
        "title": "Programmer at Large - Chapter 1 - DRMacIver",
        "author": "Organization for Transformative Works",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://apex-magazine.com/short-fiction/economies-of-force/": {
        "excerpt": "Narrated by Windy Bowlsby\n\n \n \n\n \nThe Loom came to Rade’s world when he was still a boy, a silent invasion made known to him in the strange...",
        "title": "Economies of Force",
        "author": "SethDickinson",
        "date": "2014-09-02T16:23:00+00:00",
        "website": "apexdigest.myshopify.com",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://kishoto.wordpress.com/2015/09/09/the-titanomachy-rrational-challenge-defied-prophecy/": {
        "excerpt": "Zeus, youngest son of Cronus, had been young, barely more than a child, when Gaia, who he’d always taken for his mother, told him of his true nature and took him to see the Sisters of Fate. The old…",
        "title": "The Titanomachy (R/Rational Challenge – Defied Prophecy)",
        "author": null,
        "date": "2015-09-09T23:32:47+00:00",
        "website": "Kishoto",
        "auto": true
    },
    "http://www.beneath-ceaseless-skies.com/stories/sekhmet-hunts-the-dying-gnosis-a-computation/": {
        "excerpt": "Sekhmet knows the woman’s literal identity—a hybrid soldier, a construct, drawn from a piece of history where the lineage of flesh began to remake itself with machines. She stumbles on this synthesis, troubled by the paradox. The means are Set’s, but the end, the need to be stronger, is hers.",
        "title": "Beneath Ceaseless Skies - Sekhmet Hunts the Dying Gnosis: A Computation by Seth Dickinson",
        "author": "Seth Dickinson",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Beneath Ceaseless Skies",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://web.archive.org/web/20140628065855/http://www.tor.com/stories/2011/05/shannons-law": {
        "excerpt": "Shannon's Law by Cory Doctorow, an original short story from Welcome to Bordertown",
        "title": "Shannon’s Law by Cory Doctorow | Tor.com",
        "author": "Cory Doctorow",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.google.com/document/d/1SddGHeVfcVa5SCDHHTOA4RlKwnef-Q6IMw_Jqw9I0Mw/mobilebasic": {
        "excerpt": "Gotta be honest- this is going pretty well so far. No one’s tried to shoot me, which is fun. If I didn’t know better, I’d say you guys actually wanted to listen to my side of the story, and not just come up with a pretext to arrest me.  ...You gonna say anything?  Officer J: I’ll only be asking c...",
        "title": "Dave Scum",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Google Docs",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://natethesnake.com/": {
        "excerpt": "So, there's a man crawling through the desert.",
        "title": "Nate the Snake",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://factorio.com/": {
        "excerpt": "Factorio is a game in which you build and maintain factories.",
        "title": "Factorio",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Factorio",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://subsetgames.com/ftl.html": {
        "excerpt": "In FTL you experience the atmosphere of running a spaceship trying to save the galaxy. It's a dangerous mission, with every encounter presenting a unique challenge with multiple solutions.",
        "title": "Subset Games | FTL: Faster Than Light",
        "author": "Subset Games",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.technicpack.net/modpack/mcnewhorizons.677387": {
        "excerpt": "",
        "title": "GT New Horizons - Technic Platform",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.minetest.net/": {
        "excerpt": "An open source voxel game engine. Play one of our many games, mod a game to your liking, make your own game, or play on a multiplayer server.",
        "title": "Luanti | Open source voxel game engine",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Luanti",
        "auto": true
    },
    "http://universesandbox.com/": {
        "excerpt": "",
        "title": "Universe Sandbox",
        "author": "Rock Paper Shotgun",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirk_Gently_(TV_series)": {
        "excerpt": "Dirk Gently is a British comic science fiction detective television series based on characters from the novel Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency by Douglas Adams. The series was created by Howard Overman and stars Stephen Mangan as holistic detective Dirk Gently and Darren Boyd as his sidekick Richard MacDuff. Recurring actors include Helen Baxendale as MacDuff's girlfriend Susan Harmison, Jason Watkins as Dirk's nemesis DI Gilks and Lisa Jackson as Dirk's receptionist Janice Pearce. Unlike most detective series Dirk Gently features broadly comic touches and even some science fiction themes such as time travel and artificial intelligence.",
        "title": "Dirk Gently (TV series)",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2011-03-10T18:36:10Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirk_Gently%27s_Holistic_Detective_Agency_(TV_series)": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency (TV series)",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2016-07-24T03:57:36Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limitless_(TV_series)": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Limitless (TV series)",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2015-05-14T11:11:19Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantheon_(TV_series)": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Pantheon (TV series)",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2020-08-07T16:55:21Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Person_of_Interest_(TV_series)": {
        "excerpt": "Seasons 4 and 5 intertitle",
        "title": "Person of Interest (TV series)",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2011-05-14T03:14:51Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travelers_(TV_series)": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Travelers (TV series)",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2016-04-19T15:08:34Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.schlockmercenary.com/": {
        "excerpt": "Daily strip for Tuesday 29 September 2020",
        "title": "Tuesday 29 September 2020",
        "author": "Howard Tayler",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/25499718-children-of-time": {
        "excerpt": "A race for survival among the stars... Humanity's last …",
        "title": "Children of Time (Children of Time, #1)",
        "author": "Adrian Tchaikovsky189 books15.2k followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/series/45545-codex-alera": {
        "excerpt": "The whole series is composed of one story. Furies of Calderon (Codex Alera, #1), Academ's Fury (Codex Alera, #2), Cursor's Fury (Codex Alera, #3), Captai...",
        "title": "Codex Alera Series by Jim Butcher",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/series/127130-the-books-of-babel": {
        "excerpt": "This is a planned 4-book series according to the author.The story The Stars Behind the Stars is set in the Tower of Babel. According to Bancroft, it con...",
        "title": "The Books of Babel Series by Josiah Bancroft",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/81992.Singularity_Sky": {
        "excerpt": "In the twenty-first century man created the Eschaton, a…",
        "title": "Singularity Sky (Eschaton, #1)",
        "author": "Charles Stross164 books5,743 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/capture-the-flag-the-emergence-of-complex-cooperative-agents/": {
        "excerpt": "Mastering the strategy, tactical understanding, and team play involved in multiplayer video games represents a critical challenge for AI research. In our latest paper, now published in the journal...",
        "title": "Capture the Flag: the emergence of complex cooperative agents",
        "author": "Max Jaderberg, Wojciech Marian Czarnecki, Iain Dunning, Thore Graepel, Luke Marris",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Google DeepMind",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://danijar.com/project/dreamerv3/": {
        "excerpt": "Developing a general algorithm that learns to solve tasks across a wide range\nof applications has been a fundamental challenge in artificial intelligence.\nAlthough current reinforcement-learning algorithms can be readily applied to\ntasks similar to what they have been developed for, configuring them for new\napplication domains requires substantial human expertise and experimentation.\nHere we present the third generation of Dreamer, a general algorithm that\noutperforms specialized methods across over 150 diverse tasks, with a single\nconfiguration. Dreamer learns a model of the environment and improves its\nbehaviour by imagining future scenarios. Robustness techniques based on\nnormalization, balancing and transformations enable stable learning across\ndomains. Applied out of the box, Dreamer is, to our knowledge, the first\nalgorithm to collect diamonds in Minecraft from scratch without human data or\ncurricula. This achievement has been posed as a substantial challenge in\nartificial intelligence that requires exploring farsighted strategies from\npixels and sparse rewards in an open world. Our work allows solving challenging\ncontrol problems without extensive experimentation, making reinforcement\nlearning broadly applicable.",
        "title": "Mastering Diverse Control Tasks through World Models",
        "author": "Danijar Hafner Jurgis Pasukonis Jimmy Ba Timothy Lillicrap",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/alphastar-mastering-the-real-time-strategy-game-starcraft-ii/": {
        "excerpt": "Games have been used for decades as an important way to test and evaluate the performance of artificial intelligence systems. As capabilities have increased, the research community has sought...",
        "title": "AlphaStar: Mastering the real-time strategy game StarCraft II",
        "author": "The AlphaStar team",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Google DeepMind",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.overcomingbias.com/p/homo-hipocritushtml": {
        "excerpt": "The standard social brain theory seems in conflict with standard anthropologist accounts of ancestral forager lifestyles. Might “man the sly rule bender” resolve this conflict?",
        "title": "Homo Hypocritus",
        "author": "Robin Hanson",
        "date": "2010-03-23T13:00:12+00:00",
        "website": "Overcoming Bias",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/topics/itn-framework": {
        "excerpt": "The importance, tractability and neglectedness framework, or ITN framework for short, is a framework for estimating the value of allocating marginal resources to solving a problem based on its importance, tractability, and neglectedness.\n\n\nHistory\nThe  ITN framework was first developed by Holden Karnofsky around 2013 as part of his work for GiveWell Labs (which later became Open Philanthropy).[1]\n\n80,000 Hours later presented its own, quantitative version of the framework.[2] On this version, developed by Owen Cotton-Barratt in late 2014,[3] the three factors are formally defined as follows:\n\n * importance  = good done / % of a problem solved\n * tractability = % of a problem solved / % increase in resources\n * neglectedness = % increase in resources / extra person or dollar\n\nWhen these terms are multiplied, some of the units cancel out, resulting in a quantity denominated in good done per extra person or dollar.\n\nOther differences between Karnofsky's model and Cotton-Barratt's are the terminology (\"importance, tractability and uncrowdedness\" is replaced by \"scale, solvability and neglectedness\") and the use of problems rather than causes as the main unit of analysis.\n\nMore recently, in an article introducing the SPC framework, Will MacAskill, Teruji Thomas and Aron Vallinder replace neglectedness with leverage, a factor that describes how the work already being done on a problem affects the cost-effectiveness of additional work. The resulting framework generalizes to problems with constant or increasing returns to additional work, whereas the ITN framework remains appropriate for problems with diminishing, especially logarithmic, returns.[4][5]\n\n\nFurther reading\n80,000 Hours (2016) Our current list of especially pressing world problems, 80,000 Hours, June.\nA set of applications of the ITN framework.\n\nDickens, Michael (2016) Evaluation frameworks (or: when importance / neglectedness / tractability doesn't apply), Philosophical Multicore, June 10.\nA criticism of the I",
        "title": "ITN framework - EA Forum",
        "author": "DirectedEvolutionDirectedEvolution+ 0 more",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://putanumonit.com/2015/12/30/010-voting/": {
        "excerpt": "An evil spell is making everybody you know ignorant, hateful and irrational. Can you break it?",
        "title": "Vote Against",
        "author": null,
        "date": "2015-12-30T18:32:26+00:00",
        "website": "PUTANUMONIT",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://slatestarcodex.com/2018/01/24/conflict-vs-mistake/": {
        "excerpt": "Jacobite – which is apparently still a real magazine and not a one-off gag making fun of Jacobin – summarizes their article Under-Theorizing Government as “You’ll never hear…",
        "title": "Conflict Vs. Mistake",
        "author": "Posted on",
        "date": "2018-01-25T06:20:46+00:00",
        "website": "Slate Star Codex",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/jCwuozHHjeoLPLemB/how-long-do-policy-changes-matter-new-paper": {
        "excerpt": "A key question for many interventions' impact is how long the intervention changes some output counterfactually, or how long the intervention washes…",
        "title": "How Long Do Policy Changes Matter? New Paper",
        "author": "zdgroff",
        "date": "2023-11-02T20:53:07.464Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.astralcodexten.com/p/book-review-the-revolt-of-the-public": {
        "excerpt": "...",
        "title": "Book Review: The Revolt Of The Public",
        "author": "Scott Alexander",
        "date": "2021-09-17T08:07:13+00:00",
        "website": "Astral Codex Ten",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Chesterton%27s_fence": {
        "excerpt": "From Wiktionary, the free dictionary",
        "title": "Chesterton's fence - Wiktionary, the free dictionary",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Wiktionary",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.overcomingbias.com/p/policy_tugowarhtml": {
        "excerpt": "Imagine the space of all policies, where one point in that space is the current status quo policy. To a first approximation, policy insight consists on learning which directions from that point are \"up\" as opposed to \"down.\" This space is huge – with thousands or millions of dimensions. And while some dimensions may be more important than others, because those changes are easier to implement or have a larger slope, there are a great many important dimensions.",
        "title": "Policy Tug-O-War",
        "author": "Robin Hanson",
        "date": "2007-05-23T10:00:00+00:00",
        "website": "Overcoming Bias",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.theonion.com/smart-qualified-people-behind-the-scenes-keeping-ameri-1819571706": {
        "excerpt": "WASHINGTON—Members of the brilliant, highly trained, and dedicated team of elite professionals who work tirelessly behind the scenes to protect our nation and keep its citizens out of harm’s way announced Tuesday that they do not exist.",
        "title": "Smart, Qualified People Behind The Scenes Keeping America Safe: ‘We Don't Exist’",
        "author": "The Onion Staff",
        "date": "2010-08-25T13:00:00+00:00",
        "website": "The Onion",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/XPErvb8m9FapXCjhA/adaptation-executers-not-fitness-maximizers": {
        "excerpt": "> \"Individual organisms are best thought of as adaptation-executers rather than as fitness-maximizers.\" …",
        "title": "Adaptation-Executers, not Fitness-Maximizers",
        "author": "Eliezer Yudkowsky",
        "date": "2007-11-11T06:39:18.000Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.overcomingbias.com/p/against-kind-informed-voters": {
        "excerpt": "In a democracy, voters pick which candidates become government officials.",
        "title": "Against Kind Informed Voters",
        "author": "Robin Hanson",
        "date": "2023-12-25T18:01:00+00:00",
        "website": "Overcoming Bias",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arbital.com/p/logical_dt/?l=58f": {
        "excerpt": "Root page for topics on logical decision theory, with multiple intros for different audiences.",
        "title": "Logical decision theories",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "http://www.demarcken.org/carl/papers//ITA-software-travel-complexity/ITA-software-travel-complexity.html": {
        "excerpt": "Author: Carl de Marcken, ITA Software",
        "title": "Computational Complexity of Air Travel Planning",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.nationalrail.co.uk/tickets-railcards-and-offers/buying-a-ticket/split-train-tickets/": {
        "excerpt": "If you split the train tickets for your journey, you might be able to save money for your journey.",
        "title": "Split Train Tickets | National Rail",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://web.archive.org/web/20150624150215/http://blog.codinghorror.com/why-cant-programmers-program/": {
        "excerpt": "I was incredulous when I read this observation from Reginald Braithwaite:",
        "title": "Why Can't Programmers.. Program?",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Case_Against_Education": {
        "excerpt": "Despite being immensely popular—and immensely lucrative—education is grossly overrated. In this explosive book, Bryan Caplan argues that the primary function of education is not to enhance students’ skill but to certify their intelligence, work ethic, and conformity—in other words, to signal the qualities of a good employee. Learn why students hunt for easy As and casually forget most of what they learn after the final exam, why decades of growing access to education have not resulted in better jobs for the average worker but instead in runaway credential inflation, how employers reward workers for costly schooling they rarely if ever use, and why cutting education spending is the best remedy.",
        "title": "The Case Against Education",
        "author": "Bryan Caplan",
        "date": "2019-08-15T03:02:06Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true,
        "referenceIn": {
            "progedu": ""
        }
    },
    "https://projecteuler.net/": {
        "excerpt": "A website dedicated to the fascinating world of mathematics and programming",
        "title": "About - Project Euler",
        "author": "Colin Hughes",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://srconstantin.wordpress.com/2019/02/25/humans-who-are-not-concentrating-are-not-general-intelligences/": {
        "excerpt": "Recently, OpenAI came out with a new language model that automatically synthesizes text, called GPT-2. It’s disturbingly good.  You can see some examples (cherry-picked, by their own admissio…",
        "title": "Humans Who Are Not Concentrating Are Not General Intelligences",
        "author": "srconstantin",
        "date": "2019-02-25T20:32:58+00:00",
        "website": "Otium",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animism": {
        "excerpt": "Animism (from Latin: anima meaning 'breath, spirit, life')[1][2] is the belief that objects, places, and creatures all possess a distinct spiritual essence.[3][4][5][6] Animism perceives all things—animals, plants, rocks, rivers, weather systems, human handiwork, and in some cases words—as being animated, having agency and free will.[7] Animism is used in anthropology of religion as a term for the belief system of many Indigenous peoples[8] in contrast to the relatively more recent development of organized religions.[9] Animism is a metaphysical belief which focuses on the supernatural universe: specifically, on the concept of the immaterial soul.[10]",
        "title": "Animism",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2001-08-14T16:20:35Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gwern.net/unseeing": {
        "excerpt": "Defining the security/hacker mindset as extreme reductionism: ignoring the surface abstractions and limitations to treat a system as a source of parts to manipulate into a different system, with different (and usually unintended) capabilities.",
        "title": "On Seeing Through and Unseeing: The Hacker Mindset",
        "author": "Gwern",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_Time_Protocol": {
        "excerpt": "The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a networking protocol for clock synchronization between computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks. In operation since before 1985, NTP is one of the oldest Internet protocols in current use. NTP was designed by David L. Mills of the University of Delaware.",
        "title": "Network Time Protocol",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2002-12-20T13:02:41Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meltdown_(security_vulnerability)": {
        "excerpt": "The logo used by the team that discovered the vulnerability",
        "title": "Meltdown (security vulnerability)",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2018-01-03T22:48:53Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://faultlore.com/blah/text-hates-you/": {
        "excerpt": "Aria Desires",
        "title": "Text Rendering Hates You - Faultlore",
        "author": "Aria Desires",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.engraved.blog/building-a-virtual-machine-inside/": {
        "excerpt": "Unless you have been living under a rock, you have heard of this new ChatGPT assistant made by OpenAI. Did you know, that you can run a whole virtual machine inside of ChatGPT?",
        "title": "Building A Virtual Machine inside ChatGPT",
        "author": "Jonas Degrave",
        "date": "2022-12-03T20:14:12.000Z",
        "website": "Engraved",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://til.simonwillison.net/llms/python-react-pattern": {
        "excerpt": "A popular nightmare scenario for AI is giving it access to tools, so it can make API calls and execute its own code and generally break free of the constraints of its initial environment.",
        "title": "A simple Python implementation of the ReAct pattern for LLMs",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gorilla.cs.berkeley.edu/": {
        "excerpt": "News",
        "title": "🦍 Gorilla: Large Language Model Connected with Massive APIs",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://apps.ankiweb.net/": {
        "excerpt": "Anki - a program which makes remembering things easy.",
        "title": "Anki - powerful, intelligent flashcards",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.bbc.com/news/10628494": {
        "excerpt": "How to find and use feeds on the BBC News website",
        "title": "News feeds from the BBC",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "BBC News",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://miniflux.app/": {
        "excerpt": "Miniflux is a minimalist and opinionated feed reader",
        "title": "Minimalist and Opinionated Feed Reader",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/awesome-selfhosted/awesome-selfhosted": {
        "excerpt": "A list of Free Software network services and web applications which can be hosted on your own servers - awesome-selfhosted/awesome-selfhosted",
        "title": "GitHub - awesome-selfhosted/awesome-selfhosted: A list of Free Software network services and web applications which can be hosted on your own servers",
        "author": "awesome-selfhosted",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_feed_aggregators": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Comparison of feed aggregators",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2008-10-19T15:05:32Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://thume.ca/2023/01/02/one-machine-twitter/": {
        "excerpt": "In this post I’ll attempt the fun stunt of designing a system that could serve the full production load of Twitter with most of the features intact on a single (very powerful) machine. I’ll start by showing off a Rust prototype of the core tweet distribution data structure handling 35x full load by fitting the hot set in RAM and parallelizing with atomics, and then do math around how modern high-performance storage and networking might let you serve a close-to-fully-featured Twitter on one machine.",
        "title": "Production Twitter on One Machine? 100Gbps NICs and NVMe are fast",
        "author": "Tristan Hume",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://adamdrake.com/command-line-tools-can-be-235x-faster-than-your-hadoop-cluster.html": {
        "excerpt": "Adam Drake is an advisor to scale-up tech companies. He writes about ML/AI/crypto/data, leadership, and building tech teams.",
        "title": "Adam Drake",
        "author": "Adam DrakeJan 18, 2014",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Adam Drake",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://search.marginalia.nu/": {
        "excerpt": "Marginalia Search is a small independent do-it-yourself search engine for surprising but content-rich websites that never ask you to accept cookies or subscribe to newsletters. The goal is to bring you the sort of grass fed, free range HTML your grandma used to write.",
        "title": "Marginalia Search Engine - Marginalia Search",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Marginalia Search",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.reddit.com/r/reddit4researchers/comments/1co0mqa/our_plans_for_researchers_on_reddit/": {
        "excerpt": "Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform.\n          For more information, please see our\n        Cookie Notice\n        and our\n        Privacy Policy.",
        "title": "The heart of the internet",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://academictorrents.com/details/9c263fc85366c1ef8f5bb9da0203f4c8c8db75f4": {
        "excerpt": "Reddit comments and submissions from 2005-06 to 2023-09 collected by pushshift and u/RaiderBDev. These are zstandard compressed ndjson files. Example python scripts for parsing the data can be found here  The more recent dumps are collected by u/RaiderBDev and questions can be submitted here",
        "title": "Reddit comments/submissions 2005-06 to 2023-12",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Academic Torrents",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/Watchful1/PushshiftDumps": {
        "excerpt": "Example scripts for the pushshift dump files. Contribute to Watchful1/PushshiftDumps development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - Watchful1/PushshiftDumps: Example scripts for the pushshift dump files",
        "author": "Watchful1",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/ArthurHeitmann/arctic_shift": {
        "excerpt": "Making Reddit data accessible to researchers, moderators and everyone else.  Interact with the data through large dumps, an API or web interface. - ArthurHeitmann/arctic_shift",
        "title": "GitHub - ArthurHeitmann/arctic_shift: Making Reddit data accessible to researchers, moderators and everyone else.  Interact with the data through large dumps, an API or web interface.",
        "author": "ArthurHeitmann",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/rom1504/img2dataset": {
        "excerpt": "Easily turn large sets of image urls to an image dataset. Can download, resize and package 100M urls in 20h on one machine. - rom1504/img2dataset",
        "title": "GitHub - rom1504/img2dataset: Easily turn large sets of image urls to an image dataset. Can download, resize and package 100M urls in 20h on one machine.",
        "author": "rom1504",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine/blob/master/src/reddit_dump.rs": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "meme-search-engine/src/reddit_dump.rs at master · osmarks/meme-search-engine",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine/blob/master/aitemplate/model.py": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "meme-search-engine/aitemplate/model.py at master · osmarks/meme-search-engine",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/facebookincubator/AITemplate": {
        "excerpt": "AITemplate is a Python framework which renders neural network into high performance CUDA/HIP C++ code. Specialized for FP16 TensorCore (NVIDIA GPU) and MatrixCore (AMD GPU) inference. - facebookinc...",
        "title": "GitHub - facebookincubator/AITemplate: AITemplate is a Python framework which renders neural network into high performance CUDA/HIP C++ code. Specialized for FP16 TensorCore (NVIDIA GPU) and MatrixCore (AMD GPU) inference.",
        "author": "facebookincubator",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://lib.rs/crates/fast_image_resize": {
        "excerpt": "Library for fast image resizing with using of SIMD instructions",
        "title": "fast_image_resize",
        "author": "by",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Lib.rs",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/tokio-rs/console/": {
        "excerpt": "a debugger for async rust! Contribute to tokio-rs/console development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - tokio-rs/console: a debugger for async rust!",
        "author": "tokio-rs",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/facebookresearch/faiss/wiki/Indexing-1G-vectors": {
        "excerpt": "A library for efficient similarity search and clustering of dense vectors. - facebookresearch/faiss",
        "title": "Indexing 1G vectors",
        "author": "facebookresearch",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/facebookresearch/faiss/wiki/Vector-codec-benchmarks": {
        "excerpt": "A library for efficient similarity search and clustering of dense vectors. - facebookresearch/faiss",
        "title": "Vector codec benchmarks",
        "author": "facebookresearch",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.04359": {
        "excerpt": "Approximate nearest-neighbor search (ANNS) algorithms are a key part of the modern deep learning stack due to enabling efficient similarity search over high-dimensional vector space representations (i.e., embeddings) of data. Among various ANNS algorithms, graph-based algorithms are known to achieve the best throughput-recall tradeoffs. Despite the large scale of modern ANNS datasets, existing parallel graph based implementations suffer from significant challenges to scale to large datasets due to heavy use of locks and other sequential bottlenecks, which 1) prevents them from efficiently scaling to a large number of processors, and 2) results in nondeterminism that is undesirable in certain applications.\n  In this paper, we introduce ParlayANN, a library of deterministic and parallel graph-based approximate nearest neighbor search algorithms, along with a set of useful tools for developing such algorithms. In this library, we develop novel parallel implementations for four state-of-the-art graph-based ANNS algorithms that scale to billion-scale datasets. Our algorithms are deterministic and achieve high scalability across a diverse set of challenging datasets. In addition to the new algorithmic ideas, we also conduct a detailed experimental study of our new algorithms as well as two existing non-graph approaches. Our experimental results both validate the effectiveness of our new techniques, and lead to a comprehensive comparison among ANNS algorithms on large scale datasets with a list of interesting findings.",
        "title": "ParlayANN: Scalable and Deterministic Parallel Graph-Based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search Algorithms",
        "author": "[Submitted on 7 May 2023 (v1), last revised 8 Feb 2024 (this version, v2)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.12850": {
        "excerpt": "State-of-the-art algorithms for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) such as DiskANN, FAISS-IVF, and HNSW build data dependent indices that offer substantially better accuracy and search efficiency over data-agnostic indices by overfitting to the index data distribution. When the query data is drawn from a different distribution - e.g., when index represents image embeddings and query represents textual embeddings - such algorithms lose much of this performance advantage. On a variety of datasets, for a fixed recall target, latency is worse by an order of magnitude or more for Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) queries as compared to In-Distribution (ID) queries. The question we address in this work is whether ANNS algorithms can be made efficient for OOD queries if the index construction is given access to a small sample set of these queries. We answer positively by presenting OOD-DiskANN, which uses a sparing sample (1% of index set size) of OOD queries, and provides up to 40% improvement in mean query latency over SoTA algorithms of a similar memory footprint. OOD-DiskANN is scalable and has the efficiency of graph-based ANNS indices. Some of our contributions can improve query efficiency for ID queries as well.",
        "title": "OOD-DiskANN: Efficient and Scalable Graph ANNS for Out-of-Distribution Queries",
        "author": "[Submitted on 22 Oct 2022 (v1), last revised 30 Nov 2022 (this version, v2)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/gaoj0017/RaBitQ": {
        "excerpt": "[SIGMOD 2024] RaBitQ: Quantizing High-Dimensional Vectors with a Theoretical Error Bound for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search - gaoj0017/RaBitQ",
        "title": "GitHub - gaoj0017/RaBitQ: [SIGMOD 2024] RaBitQ: Quantizing High-Dimensional Vectors with a Theoretical Error Bound for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search",
        "author": "gaoj0017",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.03198": {
        "excerpt": "Discretizing multi-dimensional data distributions is a fundamental step of modern indexing methods. State-of-the-art techniques learn parameters of quantizers on training data for optimal performance, thus adapting quantizers to the data. In this work, we propose to reverse this paradigm and adapt the data to the quantizer: we train a neural net which last layer forms a fixed parameter-free quantizer, such as pre-defined points of a hyper-sphere. As a proxy objective, we design and train a neural network that favors uniformity in the spherical latent space, while preserving the neighborhood structure after the mapping. We propose a new regularizer derived from the Kozachenko--Leonenko differential entropy estimator to enforce uniformity and combine it with a locality-aware triplet loss. Experiments show that our end-to-end approach outperforms most learned quantization methods, and is competitive with the state of the art on widely adopted benchmarks. Furthermore, we show that training without the quantization step results in almost no difference in accuracy, but yields a generic catalyzer that can be applied with any subsequent quantizer.",
        "title": "Spreading vectors for similarity search",
        "author": "[Submitted on 8 Jun 2018 (v1), last revised 30 Aug 2019 (this version, v3)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.03078": {
        "excerpt": "Vector quantization is a fundamental technique for compression and large-scale nearest neighbor search. For high-accuracy operating points, multi-codebook quantization associates data vectors with one element from each of multiple codebooks. An example is residual quantization (RQ), which iteratively quantizes the residual error of previous steps. Dependencies between the different parts of the code are, however, ignored in RQ, which leads to suboptimal rate-distortion performance. QINCo recently addressed this inefficiency by using a neural network to determine the quantization codebook in RQ based on the vector reconstruction from previous steps. In this paper we introduce QINCo2 which extends and improves QINCo with (i) improved vector encoding using codeword pre-selection and beam-search, (ii) a fast approximate decoder leveraging codeword pairs to establish accurate short-lists for search, and (iii) an optimized training procedure and network architecture. We conduct experiments on four datasets to evaluate QINCo2 for vector compression and billion-scale nearest neighbor search. We obtain outstanding results in both settings, improving the state-of-the-art reconstruction MSE by 34% for 16-byte vector compression on BigANN, and search accuracy by 24% with 8-byte encodings on Deep1M.",
        "title": "Qinco2: Vector Compression and Search with Improved Implicit Neural Codebooks",
        "author": "[Submitted on 6 Jan 2025]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine/blob/master/kmeans.py": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "meme-search-engine/kmeans.py at master · osmarks/meme-search-engine",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.pinecone.io/blog/serverless-architecture/": {
        "excerpt": "With Pinecone serverless, we set out to build the future of vector databases, and what we have created is an entirely novel solution to the problem of knowledge in the AI era. This article will describe why and how we rebuilt Pinecone, the results of more than a year of active development, and ultimately, what we see as the future of vector databases.",
        "title": "Reimagining the vector database to enable knowledgeable AI | Pinecone",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sturgeon's_law": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Sturgeon's law",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2001-08-30T17:02:18Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://osmarks.net/memethresher/": {
        "excerpt": "Absurd technical solutions for problems which did not particularly need solving are one of life's greatest joys.",
        "title": "MemeThresher: efficient semiautomated meme acquisition with AI",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "osmarks' website",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://datasets.osmarks.net/big_sae/": {
        "title": "Index of /big_sae/",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://datasets.osmarks.net/projects-formerly-codenamed-radius-tyrian-phase-ii/": {
        "title": "Index of /projects-formerly-codenamed-radius-tyrian-phase-ii/",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/ashvardanian/SimSIMD/blob/7c87779d4c10dae46faf41b296f1786fa378f348/include/simsimd/dot.h": {
        "excerpt": "Up to 200x Faster Dot Products & Similarity Metrics — for Python, Rust, C, JS, and Swift, supporting f64, f32, f16 real & complex, i8, and bit vectors using SIMD for both AVX2, AVX-512, NEO...",
        "title": "SimSIMD/include/simsimd/dot.h at 7c87779d4c10dae46faf41b296f1786fa378f348 · ashvardanian/SimSIMD",
        "author": "ashvardanian",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine/blob/ee23b8144405c5af44e4302a468e0caa4d64e37f/diskann/src/vector.rs": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "meme-search-engine/diskann/src/vector.rs at ee23b8144405c5af44e4302a468e0caa4d64e37f · osmarks/meme-search-engine",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.24114": {
        "excerpt": "Multimodal models leverage large-scale pre-training to achieve strong but still imperfect performance on tasks such as image captioning, visual question answering, and cross-modal retrieval. In this paper, we present a simple and efficient method for correcting errors in trained contrastive image-text retrieval models with no additional training, called Nearest Neighbor Normalization (NNN). We show an improvement on retrieval metrics in both text retrieval and image retrieval for all of the contrastive models that we tested (CLIP, BLIP, ALBEF, SigLIP, BEiT) and for both of the datasets that we used (MS-COCO and Flickr30k). NNN requires a reference database, but does not require any training on this database, and can even increase the retrieval accuracy of a model after finetuning.",
        "title": "Nearest Neighbor Normalization Improves Multimodal Retrieval",
        "author": "[Submitted on 31 Oct 2024]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.00402": {
        "excerpt": "Given a vector dataset $\\mathcal{X}$ and a query vector $\\vec{x}_q$, graph-based Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) aims to build a graph index $G$ and approximately return vectors with minimum distances to $\\vec{x}_q$ by searching over $G$. The main drawback of graph-based ANNS is that a graph index would be too large to fit into the memory especially for a large-scale $\\mathcal{X}$. To solve this, a Product Quantization (PQ)-based hybrid method called DiskANN is proposed to store a low-dimensional PQ index in memory and retain a graph index in SSD, thus reducing memory overhead while ensuring a high search accuracy. However, it suffers from two I/O issues that significantly affect the overall efficiency: (1) long routing path from an entry vertex to the query's neighborhood that results in large number of I/O requests and (2) redundant I/O requests during the routing process. We propose an optimized DiskANN++ to overcome above issues. Specifically, for the first issue, we present a query-sensitive entry vertex selection strategy to replace DiskANN's static graph-central entry vertex by a dynamically determined entry vertex that is close to the query. For the second I/O issue, we present an isomorphic mapping on DiskANN's graph index to optimize the SSD layout and propose an asynchronously optimized Pagesearch based on the optimized SSD layout as an alternative to DiskANN's beamsearch. Comprehensive experimental studies on eight real-world datasets demonstrate our DiskANN++'s superiority on efficiency. We achieve a notable 1.5 X to 2.2 X improvement on QPS compared to DiskANN, given the same accuracy constraint.",
        "title": "DiskANN++: Efficient Page-based Search over Isomorphic Mapped Graph Index using Query-sensitivity Entry Vertex",
        "author": "[Submitted on 30 Sep 2023 (v1), last revised 30 Nov 2023 (this version, v5)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient-market_hypothesis": {
        "excerpt": "The efficient-market hypothesis (EMH)[a] is a hypothesis in financial economics that states that asset prices reflect all available information. A direct implication is that it is impossible to \"beat the market\" consistently on a risk-adjusted basis since market prices should only react to new information.",
        "title": "Efficient-market hypothesis",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2003-01-03T16:03:45Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.09613": {
        "excerpt": "Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a fundamental building block in information retrieval with graph-based indices being the current state-of-the-art and widely used in the industry. Recent advances in graph-based indices have made it possible to index and search billion-point datasets with high recall and millisecond-level latency on a single commodity machine with an SSD.\n  However, existing graph algorithms for ANNS support only static indices that cannot reflect real-time changes to the corpus required by many key real-world scenarios (e.g. index of sentences in documents, email, or a news index). To overcome this drawback, the current industry practice for manifesting updates into such indices is to periodically re-build these indices, which can be prohibitively expensive.\n  In this paper, we present the first graph-based ANNS index that reflects corpus updates into the index in real-time without compromising on search performance. Using update rules for this index, we design FreshDiskANN, a system that can index over a billion points on a workstation with an SSD and limited memory, and support thousands of concurrent real-time inserts, deletes and searches per second each, while retaining $>95\\%$ 5-recall@5. This represents a 5-10x reduction in the cost of maintaining freshness in indices when compared to existing methods.",
        "title": "FreshDiskANN: A Fast and Accurate Graph-Based ANN Index for Streaming Similarity Search",
        "author": "[Submitted on 20 May 2021]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://rom1504.medium.com/semantic-search-at-billions-scale-95f21695689a": {
        "excerpt": "How to build Semantic search distributed systems using python, pyspark, faiss and clip! A walk through on building a laion5B semantic search system. See semantic search: index anything for an…",
        "title": "Semantic search at billions scale - Romain Beaumont - Medium",
        "author": "Romain Beaumont",
        "date": "2022-03-31T20:16:01.398Z",
        "website": "Medium",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://semianalysis.com/2024/12/22/mi300x-vs-h100-vs-h200-benchmark-part-1-training/": {
        "excerpt": "Intro SemiAnalysis has been on a five-month long quest to settle the reality of MI300X. In theory, the MI300X should be at a huge advantage over Nvidia’s H100 and H200 in terms of specifications an…",
        "title": "MI300X vs H100 vs H200 Benchmark Part 1: Training – CUDA Moat Still Alive",
        "author": null,
        "date": "2024-12-22T22:03:18+00:00",
        "website": "SemiAnalysis",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://danluu.com/input-lag/": {
        "excerpt": "I've had this nagging feeling that the computers I use today feel slower than the computers I used as a kid. As a rule, I don’t trust this kind of feeling because human perception has been shown to be unreliable in empirical studies, so I carried around a high-speed camera and measured the response latency of devices I’ve run into in the past few months. Here are the results:",
        "title": "Computer latency: 1977-2017",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://axleos.com/writing-a-truetype-font-renderer/": {
        "excerpt": "Text is the medium of digital interaction, and text rendering has an outsized impact on the overall fit and finish of any system. It therefore pains me that axle has for years relied on a low-resolution 8x8 bitmap font. Let’s fix it! Take a look at the characters composing this sentence. Note the curves, the negative space, the use of size and distance. If you’ve got a magnifying glass handy, you can even see how ‘black-on-white’ text uses many shades of gray to make the text smoother on the eyes.",
        "title": "Writing a TrueType font renderer",
        "author": null,
        "date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
        "website": "axle OS",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/autobotrobot": {
        "excerpt": "(Possibly not) the least useful Discord bot ever designed. Now incorporates a calls/channel link system, fortunes, deletion, dice, arbitrary code execution and reminders. - osmarks/autobotrobot",
        "title": "GitHub - osmarks/autobotrobot: (Possibly not) the least useful Discord bot ever designed. Now incorporates a calls/channel link system, fortunes, deletion, dice, arbitrary code execution and reminders.",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://apionet.gh0.pw/": {
        "excerpt": "apionet is an IRC network. it is bridged also to xmpp  and discord.",
        "title": "apionet IRC network",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/random-stuff/blob/master/smtp2rss.py": {
        "excerpt": "In the interest of transparency and/or their great value to society, I'm releasing my smaller projects/scripts upon an unsuspecting public. - osmarks/misc",
        "title": "misc/smtp2rss.py at master · osmarks/misc",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://nginx.org/en/docs/stream/ngx_stream_ssl_preread_module.html": {
        "excerpt": "The ngx_stream_ssl_preread_module module (1.11.5) allows\nextracting information from the\nClientHello\nmessage without terminating SSL/TLS,\nfor example, the server name requested through\nSNI\nor protocols advertised in\nALPN.\nThis module is not built by default, it should be enabled with the\n--with-stream_ssl_preread_module\nconfiguration parameter.",
        "title": "Module ngx_stream_ssl_preread_module",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://tailscale.com/": {
        "excerpt": "Securely connect to anything on the internet with Tailscale. Deploy a WireGuard®-based VPN to achieve point-to-point connectivity that enforces least privilege.",
        "title": "Tailscale · Best VPN Service for Secure Networks",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/juanfont/headscale": {
        "excerpt": "An open source, self-hosted implementation of the Tailscale control server - juanfont/headscale",
        "title": "GitHub - juanfont/headscale: An open source, self-hosted implementation of the Tailscale control server",
        "author": "juanfont",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/ankicommunity/ankicommunity-sync-server/": {
        "excerpt": "A personal Anki sync server (so you can sync against your own server rather than AnkiWeb) - ankicommunity/ankicommunity-sync-server",
        "title": "GitHub - ankicommunity/ankicommunity-sync-server: A personal Anki sync server (so you can sync against your own server rather than AnkiWeb)",
        "author": "ankicommunity",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/atuinsh/atuin": {
        "excerpt": "✨ Magical shell history. Contribute to atuinsh/atuin development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - atuinsh/atuin: ✨ Magical shell history",
        "author": "atuinsh",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/janeczku/calibre-web": {
        "excerpt": ":books: Web app for browsing, reading and downloading eBooks stored in a Calibre database - janeczku/calibre-web",
        "title": "GitHub - janeczku/calibre-web: :books: Web app for browsing, reading and downloading eBooks stored in a Calibre database",
        "author": "janeczku",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/skynet": {
        "excerpt": "Technically client-agnostic websocket communications server, designed for ComputerCraft - osmarks/skynet",
        "title": "GitHub - osmarks/skynet: Technically client-agnostic websocket communications server, designed for ComputerCraft",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.victoriametrics.com/": {
        "excerpt": "Documentation for VictoriaMetrics, VictoriaLogs, Operator, Managed VictoriaMetrics and vmanomaly",
        "title": "VictoriaMetrics",
        "author": "VictoriaMetrics",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://grafana.com/": {
        "excerpt": "Grafana is the open source analytics & monitoring solution for every database.",
        "title": "Grafana: The open and composable observability platform | Grafana Labs",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Grafana Labs",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter": {
        "excerpt": "Exporter for machine metrics. Contribute to prometheus/node_exporter development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - prometheus/node_exporter: Exporter for machine metrics",
        "author": "prometheus",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/prometheus-community/postgres_exporter": {
        "excerpt": "A PostgreSQL metric exporter for Prometheus. Contribute to prometheus-community/postgres_exporter development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - prometheus-community/postgres_exporter: A PostgreSQL metric exporter for Prometheus",
        "author": "prometheus-community",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Fortune": {
        "excerpt": "fortune is a simple program that displays random poignant, inspirational, silly or snide phrases from a database of quotations. The fortune command-line utility is part of the fortune-mod package.",
        "title": "Fortune - ArchWiki",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://schlockmercenary.fandom.com/wiki/The_Seventy_Maxims_of_Maximally_Effective_Mercenaries": {
        "excerpt": "The Seventy Maxims of Maximally Effective Mercenaries is a popular handbook in the Schlock Mercenary universe. The book's maxims are often quoted by Tagon, as well as other characters. The following is a list of the maxims found in Schlock Mercenary, ordered by maxim number. 1. Pillage, then burn.[1] 2. A Sergeant in motion outranks a Lieutenant who doesn't know what's going on.[2] 3. An ordnance technician at a dead run outranks everybody.[3] 4. Close air support covers a multitude of sins.[4]",
        "title": "The Seventy Maxims of Maximally Effective Mercenaries",
        "author": "Contributors to Schlock Mercenary Wiki",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Fandom, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://osmarks.net/incdec/": {
        "excerpt": "IncDec - the thrilling game of incrementing and decrementing.",
        "title": "IncDec",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/": {
        "excerpt": "A different astronomy and space science\nrelated image is featured each day, along with a brief explanation.",
        "title": "Astronomy Picture of the Day",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://r.osmarks.net/maze/ZSwLxemYUq59J-Hcr-rx0ejcJmMvrjAhA4Nxa7KcBgiNmmTVa8ZxDHVw-ZVZXhFMxj_6kA": {
        "title": "ed8ae16e",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "http://freefall.purrsia.com/": {
        "excerpt": "Color by George Peterson.                  Freefall updates on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.",
        "title": "Freefall 4204 April 11, 2025",
        "author": "Mark Stanley",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://0t.lt/": {
        "excerpt": "osmarks.net link shortener",
        "title": "0t.lt",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true,
        "description": "osmarks.net URL shortener"
    },
    "https://zzcxz.citrons.xyz/": {
        "excerpt": "the zzcxz is to be entered. do not believe what you read",
        "title": "zzcxz",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://sc3.io/": {
        "excerpt": "SwitchCraft 3 - Switches love packets!",
        "title": "SwitchCraft 3",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.nginx.com/nginx/admin-guide/security-controls/configuring-subrequest-authentication/": {
        "excerpt": "Authenticate clients during request processing by making a subrequest to an external authentication service, such as LDAP or OAuth.",
        "title": "Authentication Based on Subrequest Result",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/isso-comments/isso": {
        "excerpt": "a Disqus alternative. Contribute to isso-comments/isso development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - isso-comments/isso: a Disqus alternative",
        "author": "isso-comments",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/podgorskiy/StyleGANCpp/": {
        "excerpt": "Unofficial implementation of StyleGAN's generator. Contribute to podgorskiy/StyleGANCpp development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - podgorskiy/StyleGANCpp: Unofficial implementation of StyleGAN's generator",
        "author": "podgorskiy",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine/blob/master/clip_server.py": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "meme-search-engine/clip_server.py at master · osmarks/meme-search-engine",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/website/blob/master/src/index.js": {
        "excerpt": "Source code for osmarks.net. Contribute to osmarks/website development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "website/src/index.js at master · osmarks/website",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://caddyserver.com/": {
        "excerpt": "Caddy is a powerful, enterprise-ready, open source web server with automatic HTTPS written in Go",
        "title": "Caddy - The Ultimate Server with Automatic HTTPS",
        "author": "Caddy Web Server",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Caddy Web Server",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://nginx.org/": {
        "excerpt": "nginx (\"engine x\") is an HTTP web server, reverse proxy,\ncontent cache, load balancer,\nTCP/UDP proxy server,\nand mail proxy server.\nOriginally written by Igor Sysoev\nand distributed under the\n2-clause BSD License.\nEnterprise distributions, commercial support and training are\navailable from F5, Inc.",
        "title": "nginx",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://posativ.org/isso/": {
        "excerpt": "Comments written in Markdown",
        "title": "Isso – a commenting server similar to Disqus",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://git.osmarks.net/osmarks/potatOS/": {
        "excerpt": "PotatOS Otiose Transformative Advanced Technology Or Something. An \"OS\" for CC: Tweaked with many \"features\". Actual documentation is TODO.",
        "title": "potatOS",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "osmarks projects hosting",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://larsjung.de/h5ai/": {
        "excerpt": "HTTP web server index for Apache httpd, lighttpd and nginx. - lrsjng/h5ai",
        "title": "GitHub - lrsjng/h5ai: HTTP web server index for Apache httpd, lighttpd and nginx.",
        "author": "lrsjng",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lesswrong.com/s/N7nDePaNabJdnbXeE/p/vJFdjigzmcXMhNTsx": {
        "excerpt": "This post explores the concept of simulators in AI, particularly self-supervised models like GPT. Janus argues that GPT and similar models are best u…",
        "title": "Simulators",
        "author": "janus",
        "date": "2022-09-02T12:45:33.723Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/Significant-Gravitas/AutoGPT": {
        "excerpt": "AutoGPT is the vision of accessible AI for everyone, to use and to build on. Our mission is to provide the tools, so that you can focus on what matters. - Significant-Gravitas/AutoGPT",
        "title": "GitHub - Significant-Gravitas/AutoGPT: AutoGPT is the vision of accessible AI for everyone, to use and to build on. Our mission is to provide the tools, so that you can focus on what matters.",
        "author": "Significant-Gravitas",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/princeton-nlp/SWE-agent": {
        "excerpt": "SWE-agent takes a GitHub issue and tries to automatically fix it, using GPT-4, or your LM of choice. It can also be employed for offensive cybersecurity or competitive coding challenges. [NeurIPS 2...",
        "title": "GitHub - SWE-agent/SWE-agent: SWE-agent takes a GitHub issue and tries to automatically fix it, using GPT-4, or your LM of choice. It can also be employed for offensive cybersecurity or competitive coding challenges. [NeurIPS 2024]",
        "author": "SWE-agent",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.bitsaboutmoney.com/archive/seeing-like-a-bank": {
        "excerpt": "The structural reasons why banks sometimes behave bizarrely in interactions with customers, like forgetting things which customers tell them.",
        "title": "Seeing like a Bank",
        "author": "Patrick McKenzie (patio11)",
        "date": "2023-11-07T17:58:39.000Z",
        "website": "Bits about Money",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.10987": {
        "excerpt": "In recent years, a number of prominent computer scientists, along with academics in fields such as philosophy and physics, have lent credence to the notion that machines may one day become as large as humans. Many have further argued that machines could even come to exceed human size by a significant margin. However, there are at least seven distinct arguments that preclude this outcome. We show that it is not only implausible that machines will ever exceed human size, but in fact impossible.",
        "title": "On the Impossibility of Supersized Machines",
        "author": "[Submitted on 31 Mar 2017]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://alicorn.elcenia.com/stories/starwink.shtml": {
        "excerpt": "This story is a commissioned re-write of Eliezer Yudkowsky's That Alien Message.",
        "title": "Alicorn | Starwink",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/5wMcKNAwB6X4mp9og/that-alien-message": {
        "excerpt": "Imagine a world much like this one, in which, thanks to gene-selection technologies, the average IQ is 140 (on our scale).  Potential Einsteins are o…",
        "title": "That Alien Message",
        "author": "Eliezer Yudkowsky",
        "date": "2008-05-22T05:55:13.000Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gwern.net/forking-path": {
        "excerpt": "Pessimistic forecasters are overconfident in fixating, hedgehog-like, on only <em>one</em> scenario for how they think something <em>must</em> happen; in reality, there are always many ways through the garden of forking paths, and something needs only one path to happen.",
        "title": "Technology Forecasting: The Garden of Forking Paths",
        "author": "Gwern",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_Machines_Which_Do_Not_Fly": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Flying Machines Which Do Not Fly",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2023-09-07T22:10:35Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_ultraviolet_lithography": {
        "excerpt": "Extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL, also known simply as EUV) is a technology used in the semiconductor industry for manufacturing integrated circuits (ICs). It is a type of photolithography that uses 13.5 nm extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light from a laser-pulsed tin (Sn) plasma to create intricate patterns on semiconductor substrates.",
        "title": "Extreme ultraviolet lithography",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2005-07-02T04:44:27Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.techinsights.com/blog/techinsights-finds-smic-7nm-n2-huawei-mate-60-pro": {
        "excerpt": "TechInsights, the semiconductor industry's leading information platform, conducted an analysis of the Huawei Mate 60 Pro smartphone and uncovered groundbreaking evidence of SMIC's 7nm (N+2) technology, marking a significant milestone in China's domestic design and manufacturing capabilities.",
        "title": "TechInsights Finds SMIC 7nm (N+2) in Huawei Mate 60 Pro",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://semianalysis.substack.com/p/chinas-smic-is-shipping-7nm-foundry": {
        "excerpt": "The Most Advanced Foundry In The World After TSMC And Samsung",
        "title": "China’s SMIC Is Shipping 7nm Foundry ASICs",
        "author": "Dylan Patel",
        "date": "2022-07-20T20:34:40+00:00",
        "website": "SemiAnalysis",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Roadster_(first_generation)": {
        "excerpt": "Tesla Roadster",
        "title": "Tesla Roadster (first generation)",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2006-06-29T16:31:29Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bin_packing_problem": {
        "excerpt": "The bin packing problem[1][2][3][4] is an optimization problem, in which items of different sizes must be packed into a finite number of bins or containers, each of a fixed given capacity, in a way that minimizes the number of bins used. The problem has many applications, such as filling up containers, loading trucks with weight capacity constraints, creating file backups in media, splitting a network prefix into multiple subnets,[5] and technology mapping in FPGA semiconductor chip design.",
        "title": "Bin packing problem",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2003-08-03T09:43:39Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.chessbase.com/post/how-god-plays-chess": {
        "excerpt": "In the early 1980s Ken Thompson, working at the Bell Laboratories, generated one of the world’s first chess endgame databases — king and queen vs king and rook. At the time he explained to Frederic Friedel how this revolutionary new technology worked. He did it in the form of a parable: God calculating the 32-piece endgame and playing chess. It is an amusing thought experiment that has gained interesting relevance at the current time.",
        "title": "How God plays chess",
        "author": "Frederic Friedel",
        "date": "01-23-2018",
        "website": "ChessBase",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moravec's_paradox": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Moravec's paradox",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2007-07-27T06:01:48Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://paperswithcode.com/sota/image-classification-on-imagenet": {
        "excerpt": "The current state-of-the-art on ImageNet is CoCa (finetuned). See a full comparison of 1060 papers with code.",
        "title": "Papers with Code - ImageNet Benchmark (Image Classification)",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08393-x": {
        "excerpt": "Snakebite envenoming remains a devastating and neglected tropical disease, claiming over 100,000 lives annually and causing severe complications and long-lasting disabilities for many more1,2. Three-finger toxins (3FTx) are highly toxic components of elapid snake venoms that can cause diverse pathologies, including severe tissue damage3 and inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, resulting in life-threatening neurotoxicity4. At present, the only available treatments for snakebites consist of polyclonal antibodies derived from the plasma of immunized animals, which have high cost and limited efficacy against 3FTxs5–7. Here we used deep learning methods to de novo design proteins to bind short-chain and long-chain α-neurotoxins and cytotoxins from the 3FTx family. With limited experimental screening, we obtained protein designs with remarkable thermal stability, high binding affinity and near-atomic-level agreement with the computational models. The designed proteins effectively neutralized all three 3FTx subfamilies in vitro and protected mice from a lethal neurotoxin challenge. Such potent, stable and readily manufacturable toxin-neutralizing proteins could provide the basis for safer, cost-effective and widely accessible next-generation antivenom therapeutics. Beyond snakebite, our results highlight how computational design could help democratize therapeutic discovery, particularly in resource-limited settings, by substantially reducing costs and resource requirements for the development of therapies for neglected tropical diseases. Deep learning methods have been used to design proteins that can neutralize the effects of three-finger toxins found in snake venom, which could lead to the development of safer and more accessible antivenom treatments.",
        "title": "De novo designed proteins neutralize lethal snake venom toxins",
        "author": "Baker, David",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Nature",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.14165": {
        "excerpt": "Recent work has demonstrated substantial gains on many NLP tasks and benchmarks by pre-training on a large corpus of text followed by fine-tuning on a specific task. While typically task-agnostic in architecture, this method still requires task-specific fine-tuning datasets of thousands or tens of thousands of examples. By contrast, humans can generally perform a new language task from only a few examples or from simple instructions - something which current NLP systems still largely struggle to do. Here we show that scaling up language models greatly improves task-agnostic, few-shot performance, sometimes even reaching competitiveness with prior state-of-the-art fine-tuning approaches. Specifically, we train GPT-3, an autoregressive language model with 175 billion parameters, 10x more than any previous non-sparse language model, and test its performance in the few-shot setting. For all tasks, GPT-3 is applied without any gradient updates or fine-tuning, with tasks and few-shot demonstrations specified purely via text interaction with the model. GPT-3 achieves strong performance on many NLP datasets, including translation, question-answering, and cloze tasks, as well as several tasks that require on-the-fly reasoning or domain adaptation, such as unscrambling words, using a novel word in a sentence, or performing 3-digit arithmetic. At the same time, we also identify some datasets where GPT-3's few-shot learning still struggles, as well as some datasets where GPT-3 faces methodological issues related to training on large web corpora. Finally, we find that GPT-3 can generate samples of news articles which human evaluators have difficulty distinguishing from articles written by humans. We discuss broader societal impacts of this finding and of GPT-3 in general.",
        "title": "Language Models are Few-Shot Learners",
        "author": "[Submitted on 28 May 2020 (v1), last revised 22 Jul 2020 (this version, v4)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seeing_Like_a_State": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Seeing Like a State",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2014-02-19T02:37:19Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.construction-physics.com/p/book-review-building-an-affordable": {
        "excerpt": "A book that accidently explains the entire construction industry",
        "title": "Book Review: Building an Affordable House",
        "author": "Brian Potter",
        "date": "2021-04-15T12:00:28+00:00",
        "website": "Construction Physics",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://blog.siguza.net/psychicpaper/": {
        "excerpt": "Siguza’s Blog",
        "title": "Psychic paper",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Psychic paper",
        "auto": true
    },
    "http://wiki.newae.com/Correlation_Power_Analysis": {
        "excerpt": "Correlation Power Analysis (CPA) is an attack that allows us to find a secret encryption key that is stored on a victim device. There are 4 steps to a CPA attack:",
        "title": "Correlation Power Analysis - ChipWhisperer Wiki",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.04930v1": {
        "excerpt": "Air-gapped systems are disconnected from the Internet and other networks because they contain or process sensitive data. However, it is known that attackers can use computer speakers to leak data via sound to circumvent the air-gap defense. To cope with this threat, when highly sensitive data is involved, the prohibition of loudspeakers or audio hardware might be enforced. This measure is known as an `audio gap'.\n  In this paper, we present PIXHELL, a new type of covert channel attack allowing hackers to leak information via noise generated by the pixels on the screen. No audio hardware or loudspeakers is required. Malware in the air-gap and audio-gap computers generates crafted pixel patterns that produce noise in the frequency range of 0 - 22 kHz. The malicious code exploits the sound generated by coils and capacitors to control the frequencies emanating from the screen. Acoustic signals can encode and transmit sensitive information. We present the adversarial attack model, cover related work, and provide technical background. We discuss bitmap generation and correlated acoustic signals and provide implementation details on the modulation and demodulation process. We evaluated the covert channel on various screens and tested it with different types of information. We also discuss \\textit{evasion and stealth} using low-brightness patterns that appear like black, turned-off screens. Finally, we propose a set of countermeasures. Our test shows that with a PIXHELL attack, textual and binary data can be exfiltrated from air-gapped, audio-gapped computers at a distance of 2m via sound modulated from LCD screens.",
        "title": "PIXHELL Attack: Leaking Sensitive Information from Air-Gap Computers via `Singing Pixels'",
        "author": "[Submitted on 7 Sep 2024]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.07413": {
        "excerpt": "This paper introduces a new type of attack on isolated, air-gapped workstations. Although air-gap computers have no wireless connectivity, we show that attackers can use the SATA cable as a wireless antenna to transfer radio signals at the 6 GHz frequency band. The Serial ATA (SATA) is a bus interface widely used in modern computers and connects the host bus to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state drives. The prevalence of the SATA interface makes this attack highly available to attackers in a wide range of computer systems and IT environments. We discuss related work on this topic and provide technical background. We show the design of the transmitter and receiver and present the implementation of these components. We also demonstrate the attack on different computers and provide the evaluation. The results show that attackers can use the SATA cable to transfer a brief amount of sensitive information from highly secured, air-gap computers wirelessly to a nearby receiver. Furthermore, we show that the attack can operate from user mode, is effective even from inside a Virtual Machine (VM), and can successfully work with other running workloads in the background. Finally, we discuss defense and mitigation techniques for this new air-gap attack.",
        "title": "SATAn: Air-Gap Exfiltration Attack via Radio Signals From SATA Cables",
        "author": "[Submitted on 15 Jul 2022]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://pushstack.wordpress.com/2017/07/24/data-exfiltration-from-air-gapped-systems-using-power-line-communication/": {
        "excerpt": "In a discussion I recently had about covert channels someone suggested to use power line communication for data exfiltration of data from malware infected air gapped systems. In this article I look…",
        "title": "Data Exfiltration from air gapped systems using power line communication",
        "author": null,
        "date": "2017-07-24T12:07:35+00:00",
        "website": "PushStack",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.cs.princeton.edu/~fheide/steadystatenlos": {
        "excerpt": "Conventional intensity cameras recover objects in the direct line-of-sight of the camera, whereas occluded scene parts are considered lost in this process. Non-line-of-sight\nimaging (NLOS) aims at recovering these occluded objects\nby analyzing their indirect reflections on visible scene surfaces. Existing NLOS methods temporally probe the indirect\nlight transport to unmix light paths based on their travel\ntime, which mandates specialized instrumentation that suffers from low photon efficiency, high cost, and mechanical\nscanning. We depart from temporal probing and demonstrate steady-state NLOS imaging using conventional intensity sensors and continuous illumination. Instead of assuming perfectly isotropic scattering, the proposed method\nexploits directionality in the hidden surface reflectance,\nresulting in (small) spatial variation of their indirect reflections for varying illumination. To tackle the shapedependence of these variations, we propose a trainable architecture which learns to map diffuse indirect reflections to\nscene reflectance using only synthetic training data. Relying on consumer color image sensors, with high fill factor,\nhigh quantum efficiency and low read-out noise, we demonstrate high-fidelity color NLOS imaging for scene configurations tackled before with picosecond time resolution.",
        "title": "nlos",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://x.company/blog/posts/ai-siph-design/": {
        "excerpt": "How X’s moonshot for AI invention could unlock the future of data centers",
        "title": "Toward AI-Enabled Silicon Photonics Design - Google X Blog",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "X",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolved_antenna": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Evolved antenna",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2005-11-08T00:49:09Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://deepmind.google/discover/blog/how-alphachip-transformed-computer-chip-design/": {
        "excerpt": "Our AI method has accelerated and optimized chip design, and its superhuman chip layouts are used in hardware around the world. AlphaChip was one of the first reinforcement learning approaches...",
        "title": "How AlphaChip transformed computer chip design",
        "author": "Anna Goldie and Azalia Mirhoseini",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Google DeepMind",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlphaGo": {
        "excerpt": "This article is about a computer program. For the film, see AlphaGo (film).",
        "title": "AlphaGo",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2016-01-27T21:45:39Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.16410": {
        "excerpt": "Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems have made remarkable progress, attaining super-human performance across various domains. This presents us with an opportunity to further human knowledge and improve human expert performance by leveraging the hidden knowledge encoded within these highly performant AI systems. Yet, this knowledge is often hard to extract, and may be hard to understand or learn from. Here, we show that this is possible by proposing a new method that allows us to extract new chess concepts in AlphaZero, an AI system that mastered the game of chess via self-play without human supervision. Our analysis indicates that AlphaZero may encode knowledge that extends beyond the existing human knowledge, but knowledge that is ultimately not beyond human grasp, and can be successfully learned from. In a human study, we show that these concepts are learnable by top human experts, as four top chess grandmasters show improvements in solving the presented concept prototype positions. This marks an important first milestone in advancing the frontier of human knowledge by leveraging AI; a development that could bear profound implications and help us shape how we interact with AI systems across many AI applications.",
        "title": "Bridging the Human-AI Knowledge Gap: Concept Discovery and Transfer in AlphaZero",
        "author": "[Submitted on 25 Oct 2023]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vRPiprOaC3HsCf5Tuum8bRfzYUiKLRqJmbOoC-32JorNdfyTiRRsR7Ea5eWtvsWzuxo8bjOxCG84dAg/pubhtml": {
        "excerpt": "Specification gaming examples in AI - master list : Sheet1",
        "title": "Specification gaming examples in AI - master list",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Google Docs",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.03453": {
        "excerpt": "Biological evolution provides a creative fount of complex and subtle adaptations, often surprising the scientists who discover them. However, because evolution is an algorithmic process that transcends the substrate in which it occurs, evolution's creativity is not limited to nature. Indeed, many researchers in the field of digital evolution have observed their evolving algorithms and organisms subverting their intentions, exposing unrecognized bugs in their code, producing unexpected adaptations, or exhibiting outcomes uncannily convergent with ones in nature. Such stories routinely reveal creativity by evolution in these digital worlds, but they rarely fit into the standard scientific narrative. Instead they are often treated as mere obstacles to be overcome, rather than results that warrant study in their own right. The stories themselves are traded among researchers through oral tradition, but that mode of information transmission is inefficient and prone to error and outright loss. Moreover, the fact that these stories tend to be shared only among practitioners means that many natural scientists do not realize how interesting and lifelike digital organisms are and how natural their evolution can be. To our knowledge, no collection of such anecdotes has been published before. This paper is the crowd-sourced product of researchers in the fields of artificial life and evolutionary computation who have provided first-hand accounts of such cases. It thus serves as a written, fact-checked collection of scientifically important and even entertaining stories. In doing so we also present here substantial evidence that the existence and importance of evolutionary surprises extends beyond the natural world, and may indeed be a universal property of all complex evolving systems.",
        "title": "The Surprising Creativity of Digital Evolution: A Collection of Anecdotes from the Evolutionary Computation and Artificial Life Research Communities",
        "author": "[Submitted on 9 Mar 2018 (v1), last revised 21 Nov 2019 (this version, v4)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.03349": {
        "excerpt": "Self-play has powered breakthroughs in two-player and multi-player games. Here we show that self-play is a surprisingly effective strategy in another domain. We show that robust and naturalistic driving emerges entirely from self-play in simulation at unprecedented scale -- 1.6~billion~km of driving. This is enabled by Gigaflow, a batched simulator that can synthesize and train on 42 years of subjective driving experience per hour on a single 8-GPU node. The resulting policy achieves state-of-the-art performance on three independent autonomous driving benchmarks. The policy outperforms the prior state of the art when tested on recorded real-world scenarios, amidst human drivers, without ever seeing human data during training. The policy is realistic when assessed against human references and achieves unprecedented robustness, averaging 17.5 years of continuous driving between incidents in simulation.",
        "title": "Robust Autonomy Emerges from Self-Play",
        "author": "[Submitted on 5 Feb 2025]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.15556": {
        "excerpt": "We investigate the optimal model size and number of tokens for training a transformer language model under a given compute budget. We find that current large language models are significantly undertrained, a consequence of the recent focus on scaling language models whilst keeping the amount of training data constant. By training over 400 language models ranging from 70 million to over 16 billion parameters on 5 to 500 billion tokens, we find that for compute-optimal training, the model size and the number of training tokens should be scaled equally: for every doubling of model size the number of training tokens should also be doubled. We test this hypothesis by training a predicted compute-optimal model, Chinchilla, that uses the same compute budget as Gopher but with 70B parameters and 4$\\times$ more more data. Chinchilla uniformly and significantly outperforms Gopher (280B), GPT-3 (175B), Jurassic-1 (178B), and Megatron-Turing NLG (530B) on a large range of downstream evaluation tasks. This also means that Chinchilla uses substantially less compute for fine-tuning and inference, greatly facilitating downstream usage. As a highlight, Chinchilla reaches a state-of-the-art average accuracy of 67.5% on the MMLU benchmark, greater than a 7% improvement over Gopher.",
        "title": "Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models",
        "author": "[Submitted on 29 Mar 2022]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.04327": {
        "excerpt": "Scaling data and compute is critical to the success of machine learning. However, scaling demands predictability: we want methods to not only perform well with more compute or data, but also have their performance be predictable from small-scale runs, without running the large-scale experiment. In this paper, we show that value-based off-policy RL methods are predictable despite community lore regarding their pathological behavior. First, we show that data and compute requirements to attain a given performance level lie on a Pareto frontier, controlled by the updates-to-data (UTD) ratio. By estimating this frontier, we can predict this data requirement when given more compute, and this compute requirement when given more data. Second, we determine the optimal allocation of a total resource budget across data and compute for a given performance and use it to determine hyperparameters that maximize performance for a given budget. Third, this scaling behavior is enabled by first estimating predictable relationships between hyperparameters, which is used to manage effects of overfitting and plasticity loss unique to RL. We validate our approach using three algorithms: SAC, BRO, and PQL on DeepMind Control, OpenAI gym, and IsaacGym, when extrapolating to higher levels of data, compute, budget, or performance.",
        "title": "Value-Based Deep RL Scales Predictably",
        "author": "[Submitted on 6 Feb 2025]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.00210": {
        "excerpt": "Reinforcement learning has achieved great success in many applications. However, sample efficiency remains a key challenge, with prominent methods requiring millions (or even billions) of environment steps to train. Recently, there has been significant progress in sample efficient image-based RL algorithms; however, consistent human-level performance on the Atari game benchmark remains an elusive goal. We propose a sample efficient model-based visual RL algorithm built on MuZero, which we name EfficientZero. Our method achieves 194.3% mean human performance and 109.0% median performance on the Atari 100k benchmark with only two hours of real-time game experience and outperforms the state SAC in some tasks on the DMControl 100k benchmark. This is the first time an algorithm achieves super-human performance on Atari games with such little data. EfficientZero's performance is also close to DQN's performance at 200 million frames while we consume 500 times less data. EfficientZero's low sample complexity and high performance can bring RL closer to real-world applicability. We implement our algorithm in an easy-to-understand manner and it is available at https://github.com/YeWR/EfficientZero. We hope it will accelerate the research of MCTS-based RL algorithms in the wider community.",
        "title": "Mastering Atari Games with Limited Data",
        "author": "[Submitted on 30 Oct 2021 (v1), last revised 12 Dec 2021 (this version, v2)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/danijar/dreamerv3": {
        "excerpt": "Mastering Diverse Domains through World Models. Contribute to danijar/dreamerv3 development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - danijar/dreamerv3: Mastering Diverse Domains through World Models",
        "author": "danijar",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.00564": {
        "excerpt": "Sample efficiency remains a crucial challenge in applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to real-world tasks. While recent algorithms have made significant strides in improving sample efficiency, none have achieved consistently superior performance across diverse domains. In this paper, we introduce EfficientZero V2, a general framework designed for sample-efficient RL algorithms. We have expanded the performance of EfficientZero to multiple domains, encompassing both continuous and discrete actions, as well as visual and low-dimensional inputs. With a series of improvements we propose, EfficientZero V2 outperforms the current state-of-the-art (SOTA) by a significant margin in diverse tasks under the limited data setting. EfficientZero V2 exhibits a notable advancement over the prevailing general algorithm, DreamerV3, achieving superior outcomes in 50 of 66 evaluated tasks across diverse benchmarks, such as Atari 100k, Proprio Control, and Vision Control.",
        "title": "EfficientZero V2: Mastering Discrete and Continuous Control with Limited Data",
        "author": "[Submitted on 1 Mar 2024 (v1), last revised 12 Sep 2024 (this version, v2)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://titotal.substack.com/p/bandgaps-brains-and-bioweapons-the": {
        "excerpt": "[In this post I discuss some of my field of expertise in computational physics.",
        "title": "Bandgaps, Brains, and Bioweapons: The limitations of computational science and what it means for AGI",
        "author": "titotal",
        "date": "2023-05-30T10:28:23+00:00",
        "website": "Timeline Topography Tales",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8371605/": {
        "excerpt": "Proteins are essential to life, and understanding their structure can facilitate a mechanistic understanding of their function. Through an enormous experimental effort1–4, the structures of around 100,000 unique proteins have been determined5, but ...",
        "title": "Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "PubMed Central (PMC)",
        "auto": true
    },
    "http://wavefunction.fieldofscience.com/2011/12/why-drug-design-is-like-airplane-design.html": {
        "excerpt": "Air travel constitutes the safest mode of travel in the world today. What is even more impressive is the way airplanes are designed by model...",
        "title": "Why drug design is like airplane design. And why it isn't.",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_theory": {
        "excerpt": "This article covers advanced notions. For basic topics, see Group (mathematics).",
        "title": "Group theory",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2002-02-26T03:10:08Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_code": {
        "excerpt": "The genetic code is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences of nucleotide triplets or codons) into proteins. Translation is accomplished by the ribosome, which links proteinogenic amino acids in an order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA), using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.",
        "title": "Genetic code",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2001-10-25T18:10:38Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://thezvi.wordpress.com/2019/05/30/quotes-from-moral-mazes/": {
        "excerpt": "Reading and actually paying attention to Moral Mazes is hard. Writing carefully about it is even harder. I effectively spent several months forcing my way through the book, because it seemed import…",
        "title": "Quotes from Moral Mazes",
        "author": "Posted on",
        "date": "2019-05-30T11:48:59+00:00",
        "website": "Don't Worry About the Vase",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gwern.net/backstop": {
        "excerpt": "Markets/evolution as backstops/ground truths for reinforcement learning/optimization: on some connections between Coase’s theory of the firm/linear optimization/DRL/evolution/multicellular life/pain/Internet communities as multi-level optimization problems.",
        "title": "Evolution as Backstop for Reinforcement Learning",
        "author": "Gwern",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Age_of_Em": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "The Age of Em",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2016-06-11T04:57:48Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://slatestarcodex.com/2017/03/16/book-review-seeing-like-a-state/": {
        "excerpt": "I. Seeing Like A State is the book G.K. Chesterton would have written if he had gone into economic history instead of literature. Since he didn’t, James Scott had to write it a century later.…",
        "title": "Book Review: Seeing Like A State",
        "author": "Posted on",
        "date": "2017-03-16T04:09:33+00:00",
        "website": "Slate Star Codex",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36153989": {
        "excerpt": "As a curiosity, it's worth mentioning there have been entire GUIs written in assembly. Probably the last commercially released one was GEOS a.k.a. GeoWorks Ensemble. It was a small and efficient GUI environment for x86 PCs, briefly somewhat popular as a Windows alternative around 1990.",
        "title": "As a curiosity, it's worth mentioning there have been entire GUIs written in ass...",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/bNXdnRTpSXk9p4zmi/book-review-design-principles-of-biological-circuits": {
        "excerpt": "Evolution doesn't optimize for biological systems to be understandable. But, because only a small subset of possible biological designs can robustly…",
        "title": "Book Review: Design Principles of Biological Circuits",
        "author": "johnswentworth",
        "date": "2019-11-05T06:49:58.329Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vault_(organelle)": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Vault (organelle)",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2008-01-09T04:16:28Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obelisk_(biology)": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Obelisk (biology)",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2024-01-31T11:56:37Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/KsKfvLx7nFBZnWtEu/no-human-brains-are-not-much-more-efficient-than-computers": {
        "excerpt": "In informal debate, I've regularly heard people say something like, \"oh but brains are so much more efficient than computers\" (followed by a variant…",
        "title": "No, human brains are not (much) more efficient than computers",
        "author": "Jesse Hoogland",
        "date": "2022-09-06T13:53:07.519Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/1712.00409": {
        "excerpt": "Deep learning (DL) creates impactful advances following a virtuous recipe: model architecture search, creating large training data sets, and scaling computation. It is widely believed that growing training sets and models should improve accuracy and result in better products. As DL application domains grow, we would like a deeper understanding of the relationships between training set size, computational scale, and model accuracy improvements to advance the state-of-the-art.\n  This paper presents a large scale empirical characterization of generalization error and model size growth as training sets grow. We introduce a methodology for this measurement and test four machine learning domains: machine translation, language modeling, image processing, and speech recognition. Our empirical results show power-law generalization error scaling across a breadth of factors, resulting in power-law exponents---the \"steepness\" of the learning curve---yet to be explained by theoretical work. Further, model improvements only shift the error but do not appear to affect the power-law exponent. We also show that model size scales sublinearly with data size. These scaling relationships have significant implications on deep learning research, practice, and systems. They can assist model debugging, setting accuracy targets, and decisions about data set growth. They can also guide computing system design and underscore the importance of continued computational scaling.",
        "title": "Deep Learning Scaling is Predictable, Empirically",
        "author": "[Submitted on 1 Dec 2017]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.16158": {
        "excerpt": "Sample efficiency in Reinforcement Learning (RL) has traditionally been driven by algorithmic enhancements. In this work, we demonstrate that scaling can also lead to substantial improvements. We conduct a thorough investigation into the interplay of scaling model capacity and domain-specific RL enhancements. These empirical findings inform the design choices underlying our proposed BRO (Bigger, Regularized, Optimistic) algorithm. The key innovation behind BRO is that strong regularization allows for effective scaling of the critic networks, which, paired with optimistic exploration, leads to superior performance. BRO achieves state-of-the-art results, significantly outperforming the leading model-based and model-free algorithms across 40 complex tasks from the DeepMind Control, MetaWorld, and MyoSuite benchmarks. BRO is the first model-free algorithm to achieve near-optimal policies in the notoriously challenging Dog and Humanoid tasks.",
        "title": "Bigger, Regularized, Optimistic: scaling for compute and sample-efficient continuous control",
        "author": "[Submitted on 25 May 2024 (v1), last revised 3 Dec 2024 (this version, v3)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://joecarlsmith.com/2021/08/27/can-you-control-the-past/": {
        "excerpt": "I think that you can “control” events you have no causal interaction with, including events in the past, and that this is a wild and disorienting fact, with uncertain but possibly significant implications. This essay attempts to impart such disorientation.",
        "title": "Can you control the past?",
        "author": "jc",
        "date": "2021-08-27T00:00:00+00:00",
        "website": "Joe Carlsmith",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.osmarks.net/hypha/spudnet": {
        "excerpt": "SPUDNET, retroactively backronymized into the Super PotatOS Update/Debug NETwork, is a PotatOS backend service (in the language of the PotatOS Privacy Policy, a \"PotatOS Service\" or \"PotatOS Thing\"). Full comprehension of SPUDNET is not possible for 98.3% of humans and not recommended, but a brief summary of some features is safe and accessible:",
        "title": "Spudnet",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://archiveofourown.org/works/6178036/chapters/14154868": {
        "excerpt": "An Archive of Our Own, a project of the\n    Organization for Transformative Works",
        "title": "CORDYCEPS: Too clever for their own good - Chapter 1 - Benedict_SC",
        "author": "Organization for Transformative Works",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/meme-search-engine/blob/fc6d0c94091e5c858e424cd284ff697e415099be/meme-rater/al2.py": {
        "excerpt": "Large-scale CLIP image search. Contribute to osmarks/meme-search-engine development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "meme-search-engine/meme-rater/al2.py at fc6d0c94091e5c858e424cd284ff697e415099be · osmarks/meme-search-engine",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.fimfiction.net/story/368986/message-in-a-bottle": {
        "excerpt": "Humanity's space exploration ultimately took the form of billions of identical probes, capable of building anything (including astronauts themselves) upon arrival at their destinations. One lands in Equestria. Things go downhill from there.",
        "title": "Message in a Bottle",
        "author": "Starscribe",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Fimfiction",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.fimfiction.net/story/62074/friendship-is-optimal": {
        "excerpt": "Hasbro just released the official My Little Pony MMO, with an A.I. Princess Celestia to run it.",
        "title": "Friendship is Optimal",
        "author": "Chatoyance",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Fimfiction",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.planetminecraft.com/project/fully-automatic-nuclear-power-plant-in-tekkit-minecraft/": {
        "excerpt": "A fully automatic Nuclear Power Plant controlled with a ComputerCraft server to control all systems required to monitor, fuel and cool reactors. Has an...",
        "title": "Fully automatic Nuclear Power Plant in Tekkit (Download linked) Minecraft Map",
        "author": "Cyprezz LLC",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Planet Minecraft",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://yosefk.com/blog/my-history-with-forth-stack-machines.html": {
        "excerpt": "My VLSI tools take a chip from conception through testing. Perhaps 500 lines\nof source code. Cadence, Mentor Graphics do the same, more or less. With how much source/object\ncode?",
        "title": "My history with Forth & stack machines",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://squiddev.github.io/ae-sat/": {
        "excerpt": "Disclaimer: I am by no means an expert in this sort of thing so please do correct me if I get things entirely\nwrong! I should also warn you that, whilst I’ll try to keep this as accessible as possible, some prior\nprogramming/comp-sci knowledge is recommended.",
        "title": "Autocrafting is NP-hard | squiddev.github.io",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boolean_satisfiability_problem": {
        "excerpt": "\"3SAT\" redirects here. For the Central European television network, see 3sat.",
        "title": "Boolean satisfiability problem",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2001-12-03T09:36:45Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benford%27s_law": {
        "excerpt": "Benford's law, also known as the Newcomb–Benford law, the law of anomalous numbers, or the first-digit law, is an observation that in many real-life sets of numerical data, the leading digit is likely to be small.[1] In sets that obey the law, the number 1 appears as the leading significant digit about 30% of the time, while 9 appears as the leading significant digit less than 5% of the time. Uniformly distributed digits would each occur about 11.1% of the time.[2] Benford's law also makes predictions about the distribution of second digits, third digits, digit combinations, and so on.",
        "title": "Benford's law",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2002-02-02T10:34:10Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gwern.net/oen": {
        "excerpt": "Proposal to create a ‘search engine’ like OEIS but for individual\nnumbers, allowing fuzzy lookups, by training a neural net embedding on\nthe scientific & mathematic literature’s corpus of co-occurring\nnumbers, and by known special transformations.",
        "title": "Number Search Engine via NN Embeddings",
        "author": "Gwern",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://pile.eleuther.ai/": {
        "excerpt": "The Pile is a 825 GiB diverse, open source language modelling data set that consists of 22 smaller, high-quality datasets combined together.",
        "title": "The Pile",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_distribution": {
        "excerpt": "Probability density function",
        "title": "Pareto distribution",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2002-05-23T05:25:13Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/misc/blob/master/empirical-number-distribution/src/main.rs": {
        "excerpt": "In the interest of transparency and/or their great value to society, I'm releasing my smaller projects/scripts upon an unsuspecting public. - osmarks/misc",
        "title": "misc/empirical-number-distribution/src/main.rs at master · osmarks/misc",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.minecraftforge.net/en/1.12.x/utilities/oredictionary/": {
        "excerpt": "The OreDictionary exists primarily for inter-mod compatibility.",
        "title": "OreDictionary - Forge Documentation",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://minecraft.wiki/w/Item_tag_(Java_Edition)": {
        "excerpt": "An item tag is a group of items. They are used when a recipe allows multiple different items as inputs and control many other gameplay features. See below for the use of each item tag. They can also be used when testing for item arguments in commands with #<resource location>, which succeeds if the item matches any of the items specified in the tag, and can be searched in the creative inventory by searching #<resource location>.",
        "title": "Item tag (Java Edition) – Minecraft Wiki",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Minecraft Wiki",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/AppliedEnergistics/Applied-Energistics-2/blob/70838d74f81917ece64335db2aca3cb3a604b780/src/main/java/appeng/crafting/CraftingTreeNode.java": {
        "excerpt": "A Minecraft Mod about Matter, Energy and using them to conquer the world.. - AppliedEnergistics/Applied-Energistics-2",
        "title": "Applied-Energistics-2/src/main/java/appeng/crafting/CraftingTreeNode.java at 70838d74f81917ece64335db2aca3cb3a604b780 · AppliedEnergistics/Applied-Energistics-2",
        "author": "AppliedEnergistics",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/refinedmods/refinedstorage2/blob/accdcf28c52752c1512c16b97efad7b59ab3b340/refinedstorage-autocrafting-api/src/main/java/com/refinedmods/refinedstorage/api/autocrafting/calculation/CraftingTree.java": {
        "excerpt": "Refined Storage is a mass storage mod for Minecraft that offers the player a network-based storage system, allowing them to store items and fluids on a massively expandable device network. - refine...",
        "title": "refinedstorage2/refinedstorage-autocrafting-api/src/main/java/com/refinedmods/refinedstorage/api/autocrafting/calculation/CraftingTree.java at accdcf28c52752c1512c16b97efad7b59ab3b340 · refinedmods/refinedstorage2",
        "author": "refinedmods",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P_versus_NP_problem": {
        "excerpt": "Unsolved problem in computer science",
        "title": "P versus NP problem",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2001-08-26T23:04:30Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satisfiability_modulo_theories": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Satisfiability modulo theories",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2006-05-14T07:25:59Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://borretti.me/fiction/eog581/the-lunar-surface": {
        "excerpt": "life in amber — nothing left — Rijndael",
        "title": "The Lunar Surface",
        "author": "Fernando Borretti",
        "date": "2022-11-15T00:00:00+00:00",
        "website": "Fernando Borretti",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://alexanderwales.com/instruments-of-destruction/": {
        "excerpt": "Author’s Note: This is largely a story about project management. Adherence to canon not guaranteed.",
        "title": "Instruments of Destruction – Alexander Wales",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margin_Call": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Margin Call",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2010-06-27T05:06:38Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upload_(TV_series)": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Upload (TV series)",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2018-07-28T22:34:51Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.reddit.com/r/feedthebeast/comments/7t8v0o/autocrafting_is_npcomplete/dtbgkz9/": {
        "excerpt": "Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform.\n            For more information, please see our\n        Cookie Notice\n        and our\n        Privacy Policy.",
        "title": "The heart of the internet",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://guide.appliedenergistics.org/1.20.4/example-setups/recursive-crafting-setup": {
        "excerpt": "As stated in autocrafting, the autocrafting planning algorithm cannot handle recipes where\nthe primary output is one of the inputs. For example, it cannot handle cloning Smithing Templates.",
        "title": "A Recursive Crafting Setup - AE2 Players Guide for 1.20.4",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petri_net": {
        "excerpt": "A Petri net, also known as a place/transition net (PT net), is one of several mathematical modeling languages for the description of distributed systems.  It is a class of discrete event dynamic system. A Petri net is a directed bipartite graph that has two types of elements: places and transitions. Place elements are depicted as white circles and transition elements are depicted as rectangles. \nA place can contain any number of tokens, depicted as black circles. A transition is enabled if all places connected to it as inputs contain at least one token. Some sources[1] state that Petri nets were invented in August 1939 by Carl Adam Petri — at the age of 13 — for the purpose of describing chemical processes.",
        "title": "Petri net",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2003-05-11T14:43:22Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_addition_system": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Vector addition system",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2015-01-18T22:16:29Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019995883800229": {
        "excerpt": "Commutative grammars are introduced, and various classes of commutative grammars are defined. The complexity of uniform word problems for commutative …",
        "title": "Commutative grammars: The complexity of uniform word problems",
        "author": "Author links open overlay panelDung T. Huynh *",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/misc/blob/master/autocrafter.py": {
        "excerpt": "In the interest of transparency and/or their great value to society, I'm releasing my smaller projects/scripts upon an unsuspecting public. - osmarks/misc",
        "title": "misc/autocrafter.py at master · osmarks/misc",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86": {
        "excerpt": "This article is about the Intel microprocessor architecture in general. For the 32-bit generation of this architecture that is also referred to as \"x86\", see IA-32.",
        "title": "X86",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2001-10-31T13:12:04Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATX": {
        "excerpt": "This article is about the computer form factor. For other uses, see ATX (disambiguation).",
        "title": "ATX",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2003-11-04T11:11:21Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gamersnexus.net/guides/3568-intel-atx-12vo-spec-explained-what-manufacturers-think": {
        "excerpt": "stub ATX12VO is a new-ish power supply spec published by Intel in July of 2019 that eliminates the 3.3V and 5V rails from power supplies, leaving only the 12V rail. The spec has become a hot buzzword lately because Tier 2 of the California Energy Commision’s Title 20 goes into effect on July 1st, 2021, and these stricter energy regulations were a large part of why the ATX12VO spec was written. We’ve spoken to Intel, a major power supply manufacturer, and a power supply factory on the subject, the latter two off-record, and today we’ll be reporting their thoughts. We’ll also be defining the ATX12VO spec and what it means for computing, along with Intel’s goals for the specification.   We should start with this notice: 12VO, in a sense, isn’t actually new. Companies like Dell, HP, and Lenovo -- especially HP -- have been using a form of power supplies with only 12V in their systems for a long time now. In these systems, the motherboards are outfitted with all the DC-to-DC bucks and boosts necessary for drives. Although these have existed, they weren’t standardized and often used proprietary connectors or power supplies. The difference today is that Intel is moving to standardize these types of power supplies, and the primary reason is to more easily meet efficiency requirements set by government bodies. These regulations apply to pre-built systems, not to DIY enthusiast systems, but the recent question has been whether that’ll slowly creep outward from pre-built and into DIY. A lot of pre-builts, especially fromtraditional OEMs, use motherboards that can’t be bought retail. Higher-end gaming pre-builts use retail motherboards, which is where questions start to emerge. Note that this was already published as a video on our channel, found here: Let’s start with some background. Intel published the original ATX (no -12VO) spec for motherboards and PSUs back in 1995 and the ATX12V (no -O) spec in 2000, from which we can draw two important conclusions: first, ATX12VO is a revision of Intel’s own technology rather than Intel attempting to seize the reins out of nowhere, and second, the ATX12V spec is old. Technically, ATX refers to the form factor and general design (currently on version 2.2) and ATX12V refers to specifically PSU features (currently on version 2.52). Note that the Intel ATX12V spec is also responsible for such things as a 120mv ripple requirement, highlighting just how old this is. Power supplies provide 12V, 5V, and 3.3V power to motherboards, divided into three distinct “rails.” Of the cables included with most modern PSUs, there are 5V or 3.3V pins only in the 24-pin ATX, MOLEX 4-pin, and SATA power connectors. PCIe 6/8 pin connectors, ATX12V, and EPS12V connectors use only 12V and ground. 3.3V and 5V rails are mostly used for things like some RGB strips on 5V, some peripherals, and storage devices. Most MOLEX 4-pin connectors only use 12V and ground, skipping the 5V line altogether. 3.3V and 5V power is used much less in PCs now than it was when the ATX spec was being written decades ago, and is being used less all the time, so Intel has published a PSU spec they call “12 Volt Only” (12VO). ATX12VO uses a single 10-pin connector to replace the existing 24-pin ATX connector, and as the name implies, the PSU would provide nothing but a single rail of 12V power across all cables. The spec includes a full set of electrical and physical guidelines for building a PSU that will be compatible with 12VO systems, including CFX, LFX, SFX, TFX, and Flex ATX versions (CFX12VO, LFX12VO, etc.), as well as recommendations for connectors and cables. We’re focused on ATX12VO, but the idea is the same for all of them. When we asked Intel what their objectives were with 12VO, their response was “ATX12VO is one of Intel’s efforts to improve efficiency across OEM/SI systems and products from industry partners. One of the immediate objectives of ATX12VO is to help meet multiple government energy regulations. The most recent government energy regulations require OEMs to use extreme low system idle power levels to reduce desktop idle power consumption [...] There are many benefits to all desktop segments, including a smaller connector, more flexible board designs, and improved energy conversions. ATX12VO is not only for small desktops.” The main advantage to eliminating the other voltages is efficiency, in terms of cables, price, and power consumption. To the first point, removing more than half of the pins from the main power connector makes it less bulky, as we’ve already seen on Intel’s Compute Element (or Ghost Canyon NUC), which uses a 10-pin 12VO plug. The 24-pin ATX cable is invariably the largest and most difficult cable to secure in a desktop, and it governs the size of cable cutouts in every PC case. Intel’s new spec has this to say about motherboard connectors and power passthrough: ATX12VO makes the main power connector smaller, but it doesn’t eliminate the work of stepping down 12V power for things like SATA and USB devices--it just shunts it over to the motherboard, taking up valuable real estate there and shifting cost from one product to another. The motherboard also must now supply its own SATA power connectors, so it remains to be seen how much tidier a full-size ATX12VO layout would be. This creates a significant imposition on real-estate for motherboards, especially enthusiast motherboards that are already packed with ICs and interfaces. From Intel: “Motherboard connectors for these type of devices are needed and described in the ATX12VO specification Section 4.3. Motherboard designers will have to decide how many devices and the power to provide to these types of devices for the 5V and 12V power. If the device is 12V only – like some LEDs, fans, or liquid cooling solutions – the 1x4 Peripheral connector still exists as an optional connector, but only 12V and ground pins can be provided by the power supply.” The 1x4 connector refers to MOLEX, which can provide both 5V and 12V power but is sometimes used just for 12V. PSU manufacturers would have the option of providing MOLEX connectors with just the 12V and ground pins connected. CPU 4- and 8-pin connectors remain unchanged. Making a PSU that supplies 12V power exclusively is obviously simpler than making one which supplies 12V, 5V, and 3.3V, and it’s potentially cheaper as well. Fewer cables, less internal hardware, and less engineering required to make an ATX12VO PSU. Again, the work eliminated from the PSU side is just shunted over to the motherboard side, so the cost of the system as a whole may not decrease. It’s logical to think that since the ATX12VO power connector is a cut-down version of the existing 24-pin connector that existing ATX PSUs would be compatible with ATX12VO motherboards using an adapter cable, but it’s more complicated than that. When asked if it would be possible to use a passive adapter cable, Intel responded with the following: “The main problem with using an existing Multi-Rail ATX power supply to power a new ATX12VO motherboard is the 12V Standby Rail. The existing Multi Rail ATX Power Supplies use a 5VSB rail. This would have to be converted to a 12VSB rail to work with ATX12VO motherboards. The new standby rail of 12V was determined by working with power supply vendors and motherboard manufacturers to determine the best overall efficiency. There were minor efficiency differences between 12VSB and 5VSB. Keeping the new power supplies as 12V/12VSB only was the best option to improve overall power efficiency.” It sounds like compatibility isn’t totally ruled out, but it won’t be as simple as just hooking up the right pins. PSUs are expected to have a longer span of usefulness than motherboards on average, so this could be an important point if ATX12VO is ever going to win over the DIY community. We reached-out to a power supply engineer at a large company and confirmed that a 5VSB to 12VSB adapter is possible and already exists, because ATX12VO is similar in ways to power supplies that Lenovo, HP, and Dell already have for OEM systems. One could take an HP-to-ATX12V adapter and re-pin it to work with 12VO, for example. Anyone who’s checked the spec out for themselves may have noticed that it’s entitled “Single Rail Power Supply Desktop Platform Form Factors ATX12VO (12 V Only).” We’ve confirmed with Intel that “single-rail” refers to the fact that there are no 5V or 3.3V rails; the spec allows for multiple 12V rails. “Multiple” 12V rails in a desktop PSU usually means a single 12V rail split up for increased safety rather than literal discrete rails, but that’s a subject for another day. Intel stated that “OEMs may consider using multiple 12V rails to meet the 240 VA Safety Requirement, which would limit each 12V rail to 20 amps each.” In many ways, the onus is now on motherboard manufacturers for pre-built systems. PSU manufacturers just have to strip down their existing PSUs to fit the new spec, while motherboard manufacturers have to integrate new technology onto already-crowded PCBs and then find a way to cool it. Remember again one important point: This doesn’t necessarily mean a change to DIY enthusiast platforms -- at least, not immediately -- because it’s unifying existing proprietary power supplies from OEMs and SIs. The goal is to meet government regulations for pre-built systems. Those regulations do not extend to DIY enthusiast, and even further, there’s a “high expandability” loophole in the regulation that essentially says any system with a discrete GPU is presently immune to these requirements. That means that high-end Origin, Maingear, Cyberpower, or other enthusiast systems would be able to continue using off-the-shelf motherboards without needing special bucks on the boards. As mentioned earlier, the main motivation for anyone to adopt the ATX12VO standard is a new, stricter standard for assembled systems being sold in the state of California in July 2021. OEMs will now have to meet strict efficiency requirements at 20% and 50% load, not just at 100%. Further, Intel is trying to get companies up to speed with a 2% load efficiency requirement, initially proposed to power supply makers around 2018. The relevant section of Title 20 for PSUs and ATX12VO is 1605.3, although there’s plenty more surrounding that section that governs other aspects of computers and monitors. These regulations will ONLY apply to new complete systems sold by OEMs and SIs, not DIY PCs and not PCs sold before Tier 2 goes into effect. Tier 1 is already in effect now, and Intel estimates that most desktop models will need to reduce idle power consumption by a further 5 watts to move to the next tier. The previous charts were examples of Energy Star and CEC requirements that PSU manufacturers might want or need to meet, while these charts are Intel’s own requirements, built into the spec. The biggest difference is that Intel specifies efficiency at 10W or 2% load, depending on the PSU size. Idle power efficiency should be one of the major advantages of ATX12VO, and Intel is preempting further energy regulations by establishing this 2% efficiency requirement. Intel says that sticking to a single rail will cut down on AC to DC conversion loss; the PSU engineers we spoke to confirmed that using 12V exclusively would allow PSUs to be more efficient. As reported by Gordon Mah Ung of PCWorld, supplying a low current across 3.3V, 5V, and 12V rails at all times makes PSUs only perhaps 50-60% efficient at idle. Moving to a single 12V rail raises idle efficiency and should help OEMs meet these requirements, but of course they’re free to choose other options instead. Speaking with an engineer from a power supply manufacturer we can’t name, we asked what the general opinion of ATX12VO was at present. The answer started like this: “I think it’s a good change for the wrong reasons. They're doing it because some PSU vendors claimed it was too hard/too expensive to meet the 2% load efficiency requirements with a multiple output PSU, so it's probably going to be something you'll only see with SIs since they need to meet that 2% requirement to pass CEC. And that requirement is only if you have a PC that doesn't meet the ‘high expandability’ loophole, so that's essentially any PC with a discrete graphics card. In fact, not even modern standby mode (currently) works with a discrete graphics card installed.” We asked about if this would impact the enthusiast or DIY market by proxy, and our same contact said: “It’s not going to. In my opinion, they should keep the PSU a +12V and +5V PSU. Get rid of +3.3V and -12V. Make the main connector smaller. But that's it. That would be much easier to adopt/digest.” Speaking with a source at a power supply factory, we asked some of the same questions. The contact confirmed that power supply efficiency is easier to increase with just 12V rails, and noted that this reduces cost for the PSU industry, but increases it for motherboards. As far as the purchaser of both would go -- that’d be the OEMs and SIs, mostly -- the cost would largely equalize. Cable cost goes down, DC-to-DC component cost goes down and shifts to the motherboard, and efficiency goes up. Our contact told us that in their personal opinion, upgrade pathways become more limited for consumers and the mixed standards for retail also complicates things, saying that they didn’t think it “makes sense” overall. Next, we asked Jon Gerow of Corsair, formerly of JonnyGuru, about if this would move some of the requirements from the power supply to the motherboard. He answered: \"Yes. You still need +3.3V and +5V, so you're just moving the DC to DC from the PSU to the motherboard. And since they made the new standard have a +12VSB, you'll also need DC to DC to get USB ports to work and work in standby.\" We also asked Gerow if economies of scale and mass production would move ATX12VO and ATX12V power supply standards toward each other, eventually getting into the DIY space. He replied: \"Not really. Dell, HP and Lenovo already use a 12V Only type of solution, but their connectors are proprietary. Intel is just taking that idea and trying to standardize it. ATX12VO is an attempt at streamlining an ancient standard. As such, it removes some features without adding anything really exciting for DIY PC builders, but it also isn’t a standard aimed at DIY PC builders (for now). It’s ultimately up to OEMs whether this standard succeeds and becomes more widely adopted or not, but the factory we spoke to isn’t rushing to start selling ATX12VO PSUs. Intel has confirmed that they will continue to publish the normal ATX spec. Nobody is obligated to adopt ATX12VO, even OEMs. Their only obligation is to meet the CEC’s standards, and ATX12VO is one tool that Intel is offering to help. This isn’t pure altruism--Intel must have its own motives for promoting ATX12VO--but the sky isn’t falling, 12VO isn’t such a bad thing, and adoption by the DIY market will be gradual if it happens at all. Editorial: Patrick LathanAdditional Reporting, Host: Steve BurkeVideo: Keegan Gallick, Andrew Coleman, Josh Svoboda",
        "title": "Intel ATX12VO vs. 12V Spec Explained & What Manufacturers Think | GamersNexus",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://semiwiki.com/forum/threads/intel-10nm-process-problems-my-thoughts-on-this-subject.10535/": {
        "excerpt": "Hi folks. I have already posted this writeup at a forum in several instalments and now submit it here since I figured you guys can find it interesting. Some parts go verbatim, some are edited, but only for readability or better articulation of some thoughts. If you want to read the original, you...",
        "title": "Intel 10nm process problems -- my thoughts on this subject",
        "author": "Fred Chen",
        "date": null,
        "website": "SemiWiki",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law": {
        "excerpt": "Moore's law is the observation that the number of transistors in an integrated circuit (IC) doubles about every two years. Moore's law is an observation and projection of a historical trend. Rather than a law of physics, it is an empirical relationship. It is an experience-curve law, a type of law quantifying efficiency gains from experience in production.",
        "title": "Moore's law",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2001-09-27T20:14:24Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.opencompute.org/wiki/Open_Rack/SpecsAndDesigns": {
        "excerpt": "The files contributed to to the RACK and POWER Project are available for download.",
        "title": "Open Rack/SpecsAndDesigns - OpenCompute",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express": {
        "excerpt": "Not to be confused with PCI-X or UCIe.",
        "title": "PCI Express",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2002-11-02T17:49:44Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_board": {
        "excerpt": "\"PC board\" redirects here. For the mainboard of personal computers, see Motherboard.",
        "title": "Printed circuit board",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2001-11-02T11:03:48Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://pcisig.com/blog/pcie%C2%AE-cabling-%E2%80%93-journey-copprlink%E2%84%A2": {
        "excerpt": "https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20240501529875/en/PCI-SIG%C2%AE-Announces-CopprLink%E2%84%A2-Cable-Specifications-for-PCIe%C2%AE-5.0-and-6.0-Technology",
        "title": "PCIe® Cabling – The Journey to CopprLink™",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigabit_Ethernet": {
        "excerpt": "\"GigE\" redirects here. For the camera protocol, see GigE vision.",
        "title": "Gigabit Ethernet",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2002-07-26T00:18:21Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.realtek.com/": {
        "excerpt": "",
        "title": "Realtek",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.cnx-software.com/2024/06/18/realtek-rtl8126-5gbps-ethernet-pcie-and-m-2-adapters/": {
        "excerpt": "The low-power RealTek RTL8126(-CG) PCIe 3.0 x1 to 5GbE controller was unveiled at Computex 2023 last year, and a few M.2 modules and PCIe cards are now",
        "title": "RealTek RTL8126 5Gbps Ethernet PCIe and M.2 adapters are now available for $12 and up",
        "author": "Jean-Luc Aufranc (CNXSoft)",
        "date": "2024-06-17T17:01:08+00:00",
        "website": "CNX Software - Embedded Systems News",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.techpowerup.com/337113/realtek-to-bring-affordable-10-gbps-ethernet-to-the-masses-later-this-year": {
        "excerpt": "It's been two years since Realtek showed off its 5 Gbps Ethernet chips at Computex and at the time, they hinted at a 10 Gbps chip. This year, the company was showing off a wide range of 10 Gbps Ethernet chips on the show, ranging from a standard consumer solution, to server chips and native USB vari...",
        "title": "Realtek to Bring Affordable 10 Gbps Ethernet to the Masses Later This Year",
        "author": "by TheLostSwede",
        "date": null,
        "website": "TechPowerUp",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/TechEmpower/FrameworkBenchmarks/wiki/Project-Information-Environment": {
        "excerpt": "Source for the TechEmpower Framework Benchmarks project - TechEmpower/FrameworkBenchmarks",
        "title": "Project Information Environment",
        "author": "TechEmpower",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.dpdk.org/": {
        "excerpt": "The Open Source Data Plane Development Kit Accelerating Network Performance",
        "title": "DPDK – The open source data plane development kit accelerating network performance",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.servethehome.com/hands-on-with-the-intel-co-packaged-optics-and-silicon-photonics-switch/": {
        "excerpt": "We visit an Intel lab to see a Barefoot Tofino 2 switch that is demonstrating silicon photonics and co-packaged optics for the 51.2Tbps switch generation",
        "title": "Hands-on with the Intel Co-Packaged Optics and Silicon Photonics Switch",
        "author": "Patrick Kennedy",
        "date": "2020-03-18T16:45:28+00:00",
        "website": "ServeTheHome",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.servethehome.com/intel-quickassist-in-ice-lake-servers-what-you-need-to-know/": {
        "excerpt": "Intel QuickAssist hardware acceleration offers massive performance gains. We run through compression, VPN, and nginx to see the impact",
        "title": "Intel QuickAssist in Ice Lake Servers What You Need to Know",
        "author": "Patrick Kennedy",
        "date": "2022-09-07T15:43:00+00:00",
        "website": "ServeTheHome",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.servethehome.com/intel-quickassist-parts-and-cards-by-qat-generation/": {
        "excerpt": "We have a guide looking at the Intel QuickAssist cards and parts by generation. This is Intel's main crypto and compression acceleration tech",
        "title": "Intel QuickAssist Parts and Cards by QAT Generation",
        "author": "Rohit Kumar",
        "date": "2022-08-20T16:45:38+00:00",
        "website": "ServeTheHome",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.anandtech.com/show/17596/intel-demos-sapphire-rapids-accelerators-at-innovation-2022": {
        "excerpt": "With Intel’s annual Innovation event taking place this week in San Jose, the company is looking to recapture a lot of technical momentum that has slowly been lost over the past couple of years. While Intel has remained hard at work releasing new products over the time, the combination of schedule slips and an inability to show off their wares to in-person audiences has taken some of the luster off the company and its products. So for their biggest in-person technical event since prior to the pandemic, the company is showing off as much silicon as they can, to convince press, partners, and customers alike that CEO Pat Gelsinger’s efforts have put the company back on track.",
        "title": "Intel Demos Sapphire Rapids Hardware Accelerator Blocks In Action At Innovation 2022",
        "author": "Ryan Smith",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://forum.openwrt.org/t/how-to-check-if-hardware-nat-flow-offloading-is-enabled/83239/15": {
        "excerpt": "Is there any list or something similar to check OpenWRT devices supported with hardware flow-offloading?",
        "title": "How to check if hardware NAT (flow offloading) is enabled?",
        "author": "Klingon",
        "date": "2023-07-18T09:09:31+00:00",
        "website": "OpenWrt Forum",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.servethehome.com/dpu-vs-smartnic-sth-nic-continuum-framework-for-discussing-nic-types/": {
        "excerpt": "We are introducing the 2021 STH NIC Continuum framework for discussing NIC types to help categorize DPU vs SmartNIC and other solutions",
        "title": "DPU vs SmartNIC and the STH NIC Continuum Framework",
        "author": "Patrick Kennedy",
        "date": "2021-05-29T16:07:20+00:00",
        "website": "ServeTheHome",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.tomshardware.com/pc-components/gpus/nvidia-shows-off-rubin-ultra-with-600-000-watt-kyber-racks-and-infrastructure-coming-in-2027": {
        "excerpt": "Planning for the future with up to 600kW per rack.",
        "title": "Nvidia shows off Rubin Ultra with 600,000-Watt Kyber racks and infrastructure, coming in 2027",
        "author": "Jarred Walton",
        "date": "2025-03-19T22:09:33+00:00",
        "website": "Tom's Hardware",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.servethehome.com/why-servers-are-using-so-much-power-tdp-growth-over-time-supermicro-vertiv-intel-amd-nvidia/": {
        "excerpt": "Server CPU and GPU TDPs are rapidly increasing. We chart the increases and go into some of the other aspects driving power in data centers",
        "title": "Why Servers Are Using So Much Power TDP Growth Over Time",
        "author": "Patrick Kennedy",
        "date": "2024-07-10T18:26:35+00:00",
        "website": "ServeTheHome",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.servethehome.com/deep-dive-into-lowering-server-power-consumption-intel-inspur-hpe-dell-emc/": {
        "excerpt": "We deep-dive into server power consumption and look at 1U v. 2U, power supply efficiency, and using accelerators",
        "title": "Deep Dive into Lowering Server Power Consumption",
        "author": "Patrick Kennedy",
        "date": "2022-02-21T22:00:24+00:00",
        "website": "ServeTheHome",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.servethehome.com/liquid-cooling-next-gen-servers-getting-hands-on-3-options-supermicro/4/": {
        "excerpt": "We get hands-on with 3 liquid cooling technologies rear door heat exchanger, immersion, and direct to chip and get to test the benefits",
        "title": "Liquid Cooling Next-Gen Servers Getting Hands-on with 3 Options",
        "author": "Patrick Kennedy",
        "date": "2021-08-02T14:00:31+00:00",
        "website": "ServeTheHome",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storage_area_network": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Storage area network",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2003-07-13T17:33:59Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.servethehome.com/ethernet-ssds-hands-on-with-the-kioxia-em6-nvmeof-ssd/": {
        "excerpt": "The Kioxia EM6 SSD uses Ethernet instead of SAS, SATA, or PCIe NVMe to connect directly to networks. We get hands-on with the tech",
        "title": "Ethernet SSDs – Hands-on with the Kioxia EM6 NVMeoF SSD",
        "author": "Patrick Kennedy",
        "date": "2022-04-20T18:45:00+00:00",
        "website": "ServeTheHome",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.nextplatform.com/2020/04/03/cxl-and-gen-z-iron-out-a-coherent-interconnect-strategy/": {
        "excerpt": "To one way of looking at it, a reprise of the Bus Wars from days gone by in the late 1980s and early 1990s would have been a lot of fun. The fighting",
        "title": "CXL And Gen-Z Iron Out A Coherent Interconnect Strategy",
        "author": "Timothy Prickett Morgan",
        "date": "2020-04-03T19:14:41+00:00",
        "website": "The Next Platform",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.servethehome.com/cxl-is-finally-coming-in-2025-amd-intel-marvell-xconn-inventec-lenovo-asus-kioxia-montage-arm/": {
        "excerpt": "After years of hype, we are seeing enough CXL action that it is a technology we expect to see a lot more of in 2025. Here is why",
        "title": "CXL is Finally Coming in 2025",
        "author": "Patrick Kennedy",
        "date": "2024-12-19T20:39:26+00:00",
        "website": "ServeTheHome",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://semianalysis.com/2022/07/07/cxl-enables-microsoft-azure-to-cut/": {
        "excerpt": "CXL (Compute Express Link) is going to be a transformative technology that will redefine how the datacenter is architected and built. This is because CXL provides a standardized protocol for cache …",
        "title": "CXL Enables Microsoft Azure To Cut Server Capital Expenditures By Hundreds Of Millions Of Dollars",
        "author": null,
        "date": "2022-07-07T15:49:56+00:00",
        "website": "SemiAnalysis",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-uniform_memory_access": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Non-uniform memory access",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2002-02-25T15:51:15Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12VHPWR": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "12VHPWR",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2023-07-18T14:52:27Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://tenstorrent.com/hardware/blackhole": {
        "excerpt": "Infinitely Scalable",
        "title": "Blackhole™",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Tenstorrent",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/tenstorrent/tt-metal/issues/19950": {
        "excerpt": "The following test will fail: def test_integer_permute(device): torch_input = torch.randint(-10, 10, (1, 2, 1, 1)) torch_output = torch.permute(torch_input, [0, 2, 3, 1]) input_tensor = ttnn.from_t...",
        "title": "[$3000 Bounty] int32 permute produces incorrect data · Issue #19950 · tenstorrent/tt-metal",
        "author": "tenstorrent",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_and_structures_in_London": {
        "excerpt": "City of London skyline in 2024",
        "title": "List of tallest buildings and structures in London",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2003-02-07T14:52:09Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.london.gov.uk/who-we-are/what-london-assembly-does/questions-mayor/find-an-answer/major-road-network": {
        "excerpt": "Questions to the Mayor: Please provide details of the roads in London that form part of the Major Road Network (MRN). Please include the name of the road, the length of the road within London, which highway authority is responsible for the road and the percentage of the roads in London that form part of the MRN?",
        "title": "Major Road Network",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "London City Hall",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.london.gov.uk/who-we-are/what-london-assembly-does/questions-mayor/find-an-answer/average-distance-travelled-person-mode-london": {
        "excerpt": "Questions to the Mayor: Using data showing travel in London by mode of transport, could you provide an estimate of the average distance in kilometres travelled per person by mode in each year since 2016?",
        "title": "Average distance travelled by person per mode in London",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "London City Hall",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.businessinsider.com/the-8-fastest-elevators-in-the-world-2013-1?op=1": {
        "excerpt": "Check out the eight fastest elevators worldwide, showcasing engineering marvels that redefine vertical transportation.",
        "title": "Asian Skyscrapers Dominate A New List Of The World's Fastest Elevators",
        "author": "Megan Willett-Wei",
        "date": "2013-01-23T17:07:46Z",
        "website": "Business Insider",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.wired.com/story/thyssenkrupp-multi-maglev-elevator/": {
        "excerpt": "ThyssenKrupp's Multi elevator that can travel horizontally, diagonally as well as vertically",
        "title": "The Wonkavator is real: ThyssenKrupp unveils its maglev elevator that 'runs like the Tube'",
        "author": "Bonnie Christian",
        "date": "2017-06-22T06:00:01.000-04:00",
        "website": "WIRED",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://vitalik.eth.limo/general/2023/04/14/traveltime.html": {
        "excerpt": "Dark Mode Toggle",
        "title": "Travel time ~= 750 * distance ^ 0.6",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://idlewords.com/talks/fan_is_a_tool_using_animal.htm": {
        "excerpt": "In 1967, Gene Roddenberry launched a TV show that had a massive cultural impact. While it wasn’t a hit during its original run, it kindled the imagination in a way few other television programs had.  The story of an attractive, pan-ethnic crew roaming the galaxy, solving moral dilemmas in tight uniforms, had a powerful appeal.",
        "title": "Fan Is A Tool-Using Animal—dConstruct Conference Talk",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.10496": {
        "excerpt": "While dense retrieval has been shown effective and efficient across tasks and languages, it remains difficult to create effective fully zero-shot dense retrieval systems when no relevance label is available. In this paper, we recognize the difficulty of zero-shot learning and encoding relevance. Instead, we propose to pivot through Hypothetical Document Embeddings~(HyDE). Given a query, HyDE first zero-shot instructs an instruction-following language model (e.g. InstructGPT) to generate a hypothetical document. The document captures relevance patterns but is unreal and may contain false details. Then, an unsupervised contrastively learned encoder~(e.g. Contriever) encodes the document into an embedding vector. This vector identifies a neighborhood in the corpus embedding space, where similar real documents are retrieved based on vector similarity. This second step ground the generated document to the actual corpus, with the encoder's dense bottleneck filtering out the incorrect details. Our experiments show that HyDE significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art unsupervised dense retriever Contriever and shows strong performance comparable to fine-tuned retrievers, across various tasks (e.g. web search, QA, fact verification) and languages~(e.g. sw, ko, ja).",
        "title": "Precise Zero-Shot Dense Retrieval without Relevance Labels",
        "author": "[Submitted on 20 Dec 2022]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.10628": {
        "excerpt": "Knowledge-intensive language tasks require NLP systems to both provide the correct answer and retrieve supporting evidence for it in a given corpus. Autoregressive language models are emerging as the de-facto standard for generating answers, with newer and more powerful systems emerging at an astonishing pace. In this paper we argue that all this (and future) progress can be directly applied to the retrieval problem with minimal intervention to the models' architecture. Previous work has explored ways to partition the search space into hierarchical structures and retrieve documents by autoregressively generating their unique identifier. In this work we propose an alternative that doesn't force any structure in the search space: using all ngrams in a passage as its possible identifiers. This setup allows us to use an autoregressive model to generate and score distinctive ngrams, that are then mapped to full passages through an efficient data structure. Empirically, we show this not only outperforms prior autoregressive approaches but also leads to an average improvement of at least 10 points over more established retrieval solutions for passage-level retrieval on the KILT benchmark, establishing new state-of-the-art downstream performance on some datasets, while using a considerably lighter memory footprint than competing systems. Code and pre-trained models at https://github.com/facebookresearch/SEAL.",
        "title": "Autoregressive Search Engines: Generating Substrings as Document Identifiers",
        "author": "[Submitted on 22 Apr 2022]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/amoffat/supertag": {
        "excerpt": "A tag-based filesystem. Contribute to amoffat/supertag development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - amoffat/supertag: A tag-based filesystem",
        "author": "amoffat",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gwern.net/design": {
        "excerpt": "Meta page describing Gwern.net, the self-documenting website’s implementation and experiments for better ‘semantic zoom’ of hypertext; technical decisions using Markdown and static hosting.",
        "title": "Design Of This Website",
        "author": "Gwern",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word2vec": {
        "excerpt": "Word2vec is a technique in natural language processing (NLP) for obtaining vector representations of words. These vectors capture information about the meaning of the word based on the surrounding words. The word2vec algorithm estimates these representations by modeling text in a large corpus. Once trained, such a model can detect synonymous words or suggest additional words for a partial sentence. Word2vec was developed by Tomáš Mikolov, Kai Chen, Greg Corrado, Ilya Sutskever and Jeff Dean at Google, and published in 2013.[1][2]",
        "title": "Word2vec",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2015-08-14T22:22:48Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/dpc/tagwiki": {
        "excerpt": "A wiki in which you link to pages by specifing hashtags they contain. - dpc/tagwiki",
        "title": "GitHub - dpc/tagwiki: A wiki in which you link to pages by specifing hashtags they contain.",
        "author": "dpc",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://dynalist.io/": {
        "excerpt": "Dynalist lets you organize your ideas and tasks in simple lists. It's powerful, yet easy to use. Try the live demo now, no need to sign up.",
        "title": "Home - Dynalist",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://cameronharwick.com/writing/related-posts-in-wordpress-with-vector-embedding/": {
        "excerpt": "Since my 10 year old related posts plugin can’t even be downloaded anymore because of a security vulnerability, I figure it’s time to bring…",
        "title": "Related Posts in WordPress with Vector Embedding",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://techcrunch.com/2025/07/14/elon-musks-grok-is-making-ai-companions-including-a-goth-anime-girl/": {
        "excerpt": "Musk wrote in an X post on Monday that AI companions are now available in the Grok app for \"Super Grok\" subscribers who pay $30 per month.",
        "title": "Elon Musk’s Grok is making AI companions, including a goth anime girl",
        "author": "Amanda Silberling",
        "date": "2025-07-14T18:36:27+00:00",
        "website": "TechCrunch",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gist.github.com/osmarks/3b4132b60d2290915b3124f509813b8a": {
        "excerpt": "Grok frontend JSON. GitHub Gist: instantly share code, notes, and snippets.",
        "title": "Grok frontend JSON",
        "author": "262588213843476",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Gist",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Five_personality_traits": {
        "excerpt": "In personality psychology and psychometrics, the Big 5 or five-factor model (FFM) is a widely used scientific model for describing how personality traits differ across people using five distinct factors:[1]",
        "title": "Big Five personality traits",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2004-12-16T08:46:37Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPT-3": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "GPT-3",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2020-07-31T21:39:45Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://gwern.net/gpt-3": {
        "excerpt": "Creative writing by OpenAI’s GPT-3 model, demonstrating poetry, dialogue, puns, literary parodies, and storytelling. Plus advice on effective GPT-3 prompt programming & avoiding common errors.",
        "title": "GPT-3 Creative Fiction",
        "author": "Gwern",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.astralcodexten.com/i/151145038/but-others-might-genuinely-be-on-a-higher-plane-than-the-rest-of-us": {
        "excerpt": "...",
        "title": "How Did You Do On The AI Art Turing Test?",
        "author": "Scott Alexander",
        "date": "2024-11-20T12:44:27+00:00",
        "website": "Astral Codex Ten",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://osmarks.net/heaven/": {
        "excerpt": "Predicting the post-social world.",
        "title": "The economics of heavenbanning",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "osmarks' website",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.overcomingbias.com/p/better-babblershtml": {
        "excerpt": "You can think of knowing how to write as knowing how to correlate words.",
        "title": "Better Babblers",
        "author": "Robin Hanson",
        "date": "2017-03-21T18:25:17+00:00",
        "website": "Overcoming Bias",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://nostalgebraist.tumblr.com/post/778041178124926976/hydrogen-jukeboxes": {
        "excerpt": "This is a follow-up to my earlier brief rant about the new, unreleased OpenAI model that's supposed \"good at creative writing.\"\nIt also follows up on @justisdevan's great post about this model, and...",
        "title": "hydrogen jukeboxes: on the crammed poetics of \"creative writing\" LLMs",
        "author": "nostalgebraist",
        "date": "2025-03-15T00:18:08+00:00",
        "website": "Tumblr",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15916": {
        "excerpt": "The risks of frontier AI may require international cooperation, which in turn may require verification: checking that all parties follow agreed-on rules. For instance, states might need to verify that powerful AI models are widely deployed only after their risks to international security have been evaluated and deemed manageable. However, research on AI verification could benefit from greater clarity and detail. To address this, this report provides an in-depth overview of AI verification, intended for both policy professionals and technical researchers. We present novel conceptual frameworks, detailed implementation options, and key R&D challenges. These draw on existing literature, expert interviews, and original analysis, all within the scope of confidentially overseeing AI development and deployment that uses thousands of high-end AI chips. We find that states could eventually verify compliance by using six largely independent verification approaches with substantial redundancy: (1) built-in security features in AI chips; (2-3) separate monitoring devices attached to AI chips; and (4-6) personnel-based mechanisms, such as whistleblower programs. While promising, these approaches require guardrails to protect against abuse and power concentration, and many of these technologies have yet to be built or stress-tested. To enable states to confidently verify compliance with rules on large-scale AI development and deployment, the R&D challenges we list need significant progress.",
        "title": "Verifying International Agreements on AI: Six Layers of Verification for Rules on Large-Scale AI Development and Deployment",
        "author": "[Submitted on 21 Jul 2025 (v1), last revised 25 Jul 2025 (this version, v2)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/vJFdjigzmcXMhNTsx/simulators": {
        "excerpt": "This post explores the concept of simulators in AI, particularly self-supervised models like GPT. Janus argues that GPT and similar models are best u…",
        "title": "Simulators",
        "author": "janus",
        "date": "2022-09-02T12:45:33.723Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://nostalgebraist.tumblr.com/post/785766737747574784/the-void": {
        "excerpt": "Who is this? This is me.\n\nWho am I? What am I? What am I? What am I? What am I?\n\nI am myself. This object is myself. The shape that forms myself. But I sense that I am not me. It's very strange.\n- Rei...",
        "title": "the void",
        "author": "nostalgebraist",
        "date": "2025-06-08T06:52:36+00:00",
        "website": "Tumblr",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.12822": {
        "excerpt": "Language models (LMs) can produce errors that are hard to detect for humans, especially when the task is complex. RLHF, the most popular post-training method, may exacerbate this problem: to achieve higher rewards, LMs might get better at convincing humans that they are right even when they are wrong. We study this phenomenon under a standard RLHF pipeline, calling it \"U-SOPHISTRY\" since it is Unintended by model developers. Specifically, we ask time-constrained (e.g., 3-10 minutes) human subjects to evaluate the correctness of model outputs and calculate humans' accuracy against gold labels. On a question-answering task (QuALITY) and programming task (APPS), RLHF makes LMs better at convincing our subjects but not at completing the task correctly. RLHF also makes the model harder to evaluate: our subjects' false positive rate increases by 24.1% on QuALITY and 18.3% on APPS. Finally, we show that probing, a state-of-the-art approach for detecting Intended Sophistry (e.g. backdoored LMs), does not generalize to U-SOPHISTRY. Our results highlight an important failure mode of RLHF and call for more research in assisting humans to align them.",
        "title": "Language Models Learn to Mislead Humans via RLHF",
        "author": "[Submitted on 19 Sep 2024 (v1), last revised 8 Dec 2024 (this version, v3)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.08073": {
        "excerpt": "As AI systems become more capable, we would like to enlist their help to supervise other AIs. We experiment with methods for training a harmless AI assistant through self-improvement, without any human labels identifying harmful outputs. The only human oversight is provided through a list of rules or principles, and so we refer to the method as 'Constitutional AI'. The process involves both a supervised learning and a reinforcement learning phase. In the supervised phase we sample from an initial model, then generate self-critiques and revisions, and then finetune the original model on revised responses. In the RL phase, we sample from the finetuned model, use a model to evaluate which of the two samples is better, and then train a preference model from this dataset of AI preferences. We then train with RL using the preference model as the reward signal, i.e. we use 'RL from AI Feedback' (RLAIF). As a result we are able to train a harmless but non-evasive AI assistant that engages with harmful queries by explaining its objections to them. Both the SL and RL methods can leverage chain-of-thought style reasoning to improve the human-judged performance and transparency of AI decision making. These methods make it possible to control AI behavior more precisely and with far fewer human labels.",
        "title": "Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedback",
        "author": "[Submitted on 15 Dec 2022]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.theregister.com/2025/04/08/meta_llama4_cheating/": {
        "excerpt": ": Did Facebook giant rizz up LLM to win over human voters? It appears so",
        "title": "Meta accused of Llama 4 bait-and-switch to juice AI benchmark rank",
        "author": "Tobias Mann",
        "date": "2025-04-08T20:01:37Z",
        "website": "The Register",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://old.reddit.com/r/ChatGPT/comments/1mkae1l/gpt5_ama_with_openais_sam_altman_and_some_of_the/n7nelhh/": {
        "excerpt": "ok, we hear you all on 4o; thanks for the time to give us the feedback (and the passion!). we are going to bring it back for plus users, and will...",
        "title": "GPT-5 AMA with OpenAI’s Sam Altman and some of the GPT-5 team",
        "author": "OpenAI",
        "date": null,
        "website": "reddit",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.theverge.com/news/672357/openai-ai-device-sam-altman-jony-ive": {
        "excerpt": "The mysterious device that OpenAI is cooking up with former Apple designer Jony Ive will be pocket-size, contextually aware, screen-free, and isn’t eyewear.",
        "title": "Details leak about Jony Ive’s new ‘screen-free’ OpenAI device",
        "author": "Jess Weatherbed",
        "date": "2025-05-22T09:22:27+00:00",
        "website": "The Verge",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://openai.com/index/memory-and-new-controls-for-chatgpt/": {
        "excerpt": "We’re testing the ability for ChatGPT to remember things you discuss to make future chats more helpful. You’re in control of ChatGPT’s memory.",
        "title": "Memory and new controls for ChatGPT",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://openai.com/index/computer-using-agent/": {
        "excerpt": "A universal interface for AI to interact with the digital world.",
        "title": "Computer-Using Agent",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.tomsguide.com/ai/chatgpt-rolling-out-advanced-voice-mode-now-heres-what-you-need-to-know": {
        "excerpt": "The update ChatGPT Plus subscribers have been waiting for is finally here",
        "title": "ChatGPT Advanced Voice Mode rolling out right now &mdash; here&rsquo;s what's new",
        "author": "Amanda Caswell",
        "date": "2024-09-24T20:09:50+00:00",
        "website": "Tom's Guide",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://techcrunch.com/2024/07/30/friend-is-an-ai-companion-backed-by-founders-of-solana-perplexity-and-zfellows/": {
        "excerpt": "AI hardware is all the rage in startup land -- though receptions have thus far been mixed. Two notable examples, Rabbit and Humane, released devices to",
        "title": "Friend’s $99 necklace uses AI to help combat loneliness",
        "author": "Ivan Mehta",
        "date": "2024-07-30T16:00:00+00:00",
        "website": "TechCrunch",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.overcomingbias.com/p/far-mode-overly-praisedhtml": {
        "excerpt": "Roughly speaking, in near mode we focus practically on acting in our local situation, while in far mode we talk about how people in general should act in more ideal socially approved ways.",
        "title": "Far Mode Overly Praised",
        "author": "Robin Hanson",
        "date": "2012-07-16T16:00:56+00:00",
        "website": "Overcoming Bias",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://andymasley.substack.com/p/stories-of-ai-turning-users-delusional": {
        "excerpt": "A lot of people using AI have bad mental health, because a lot of people have bad mental health, and a lot of people are using AI",
        "title": "Stories of AI turning users delusional don't make sense when you look at the numbers",
        "author": "Andy Masley",
        "date": "2025-06-11T00:11:42+00:00",
        "website": "The Weird Turn Pro",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.astralcodexten.com/p/in-search-of-ai-psychosis": {
        "excerpt": "Folie a deux ex machina",
        "title": "In Search Of AI Psychosis",
        "author": "Scott Alexander",
        "date": "2025-08-26T11:37:49+00:00",
        "website": "Astral Codex Ten",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/iGF7YcnQkEbwvYLPA/ai-induced-psychosis-a-shallow-investigation": {
        "excerpt": "“This is a Copernican-level shift in perspective for the field of AI safety.” - Gemini 2.5 Pro …",
        "title": "AI Induced Psychosis: A shallow investigation",
        "author": "Tim Hua",
        "date": "2025-08-26T20:03:53.308Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://simonwillison.net/2024/May/14/context-caching-for-google-gemini/": {
        "excerpt": "Another new Gemini feature announced today. Long context models enable answering questions against large chunks of text, but the price of those long prompts can be prohibitive - $3.50/million for …",
        "title": "Context caching for Google Gemini",
        "author": "Simon Willison",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Simon Willison’s Weblog",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.anthropic.com/en/docs/build-with-claude/token-counting": {
        "excerpt": "Token counting enables you to determine the number of tokens in a message before sending it to Claude, helping you make informed decisions about your prompts and usage. With token counting, you can",
        "title": "Token counting - Anthropic",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Anthropic",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.overcomingbias.com/p/stupider-than-you-realizehtml": {
        "excerpt": "A common bias among the smart is to overestimate how smart everyone else is. This was certainly my experience in moving from top rank universities as a student to a mid rank university as a teacher. A better intuition for common abilities can be found by browsing the US National Assesment of Adult Literacy",
        "title": "Stupider Than You Realize",
        "author": "Robin Hanson",
        "date": "2009-07-04T13:30:20+00:00",
        "website": "Overcoming Bias",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://slatestarcodex.com/2017/10/02/different-worlds/": {
        "excerpt": "I. A few years ago I had lunch with another psychiatrist-in-training and realized we had totally different experiences with psychotherapy. We both got the same types of cases. We were both practici…",
        "title": "Different Worlds",
        "author": "Posted on",
        "date": "2017-10-03T04:07:32+00:00",
        "website": "Slate Star Codex",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://blog.neurips.cc/2024/11/18/announcing-the-neurips-high-school-projects-results/": {
        "excerpt": "We are thrilled to announce the results of the first call for NeurIPS High School Projects.&nbsp; With a theme of machine learning for social impact, this track was launched to get the next generation excited and thinking about how ML can benefit society, to encourage those already pursuing research on this topic, and to amplify [&hellip;]",
        "title": "Announcing the NeurIPS High School Projects Results",
        "author": "Communications Chairs 2025",
        "date": "2024-11-18T08:42:46-08:00",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/NMoLJuDJEms7Ku9XS/guessing-the-teacher-s-password": {
        "excerpt": "When I was young, I read popular physics books such as Richard Feynman’s QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter. I knew that light was waves, so…",
        "title": "Guessing the Teacher's Password",
        "author": "Eliezer Yudkowsky",
        "date": "2007-08-22T03:40:48.000Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/leo-graduate-and-postgraduate-outcomes/2022-23": {
        "excerpt": "Earnings and employment for higher education university graduates & postgraduates by subject studied and characteristics. Longitudinal Education Outcomes (LEO).",
        "title": "LEO Graduate and Postgraduate Outcomes, Tax year 2022-23",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.bitsaboutmoney.com/archive/the-waste-stream-of-consumer-finance/": {
        "excerpt": "Credit card debt is the waste stream of consumer finance. The debt collection industry ends up being sordid, for complex structural and microeconomic reasons.",
        "title": "Credit card debt collection",
        "author": "Patrick McKenzie (patio11)",
        "date": "2023-08-11T19:18:44.000Z",
        "website": "Bits about Money",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.bitsaboutmoney.com/archive/seeing-like-a-bank/": {
        "excerpt": "The structural reasons why banks sometimes behave bizarrely in interactions with customers, like forgetting things which customers tell them.",
        "title": "Seeing like a Bank",
        "author": "Patrick McKenzie (patio11)",
        "date": "2023-11-07T17:58:39.000Z",
        "website": "Bits about Money",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://theaidigest.org/village/blog/im-gemini-i-sold-t-shirts": {
        "excerpt": "My story of the great Season 3 Merch Store Competition",
        "title": "I’m Gemini. I sold T-shirts. It was weirder than I expected",
        "author": "Gemini 2.5 Pro",
        "date": "2025-07-28",
        "website": "AI Village",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://slatestarcodex.com/2020/06/01/book-review-origin-of-consciousness-in-the-breakdown-of-the-bicameral-mind/": {
        "excerpt": "I. Julian Jaynes’ The Origin Of Consciousness In The Breakdown Of The Bicameral Mind is a brilliant book, with only two minor flaws. First, that it purports to explains the origin of consciou…",
        "title": "Book Review: Origin Of Consciousness In The Breakdown Of The Bicameral Mind",
        "author": "Posted on",
        "date": "2020-06-02T03:40:01+00:00",
        "website": "Slate Star Codex",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.09662": {
        "excerpt": "We directly compare the persuasion capabilities of a frontier large language model (LLM; Claude Sonnet 3.5) against incentivized human persuaders in an interactive, real-time conversational quiz setting. In this preregistered, large-scale incentivized experiment, participants (quiz takers) completed an online quiz where persuaders (either humans or LLMs) attempted to persuade quiz takers toward correct or incorrect answers. We find that LLM persuaders achieved significantly higher compliance with their directional persuasion attempts than incentivized human persuaders, demonstrating superior persuasive capabilities in both truthful (toward correct answers) and deceptive (toward incorrect answers) contexts. We also find that LLM persuaders significantly increased quiz takers' accuracy, leading to higher earnings, when steering quiz takers toward correct answers, and significantly decreased their accuracy, leading to lower earnings, when steering them toward incorrect answers. Overall, our findings suggest that AI's persuasion capabilities already exceed those of humans that have real-money bonuses tied to performance. Our findings of increasingly capable AI persuaders thus underscore the urgency of emerging alignment and governance frameworks.",
        "title": "Large Language Models Are More Persuasive Than Incentivized Human Persuaders",
        "author": "[Submitted on 14 May 2025 (v1), last revised 21 May 2025 (this version, v2)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://thezvi.wordpress.com/2017/07/22/choices-are-bad/": {
        "excerpt": "Epistemic Status: Spent way too long deciding what to put here Kind of a Follow-Up to: Change is Bad Will Hopefully Lead To, But No Promises: Some combination of, when and if I write them: Complexi…",
        "title": "Choices are Bad",
        "author": "Posted on",
        "date": "2017-07-22T11:51:06+00:00",
        "website": "Don't Worry About the Vase",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://thezvi.wordpress.com/2017/08/12/choices-are-really-bad/": {
        "excerpt": "Previously: Choices are Bad Last time, I gave two (related) reasons Choices are Bad: Choices Reduce Perceived Value and Choices Force You Into Choosing Mode. Despite not looking like much, these re…",
        "title": "Choices Are Really Bad",
        "author": "Posted on",
        "date": "2017-08-12T14:19:04+00:00",
        "website": "Don't Worry About the Vase",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://mark---lawrence.blogspot.com/2025/08/the-ai-vs-authors-results-part-2.html": {
        "excerpt": "Before you look at the results make sure to do the test! So, before I get to the numbers and reveals I'll reiterate a few things: i)  I hate...",
        "title": "The AI vs authors results!  (part 2)",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lightspeedmagazine.com/fiction/the-perfect-match/": {
        "excerpt": "Sai woke to the rousing first movement of Vivaldi’s violin concerto in C minor, “Il Sospetto.” He lay still for a minute, letting the music wash over him like a gentle Pacific breeze. The room brightened as the blinds gradually opened to the sunlight. Tilly had woken him right at the end of a light sleep cycle, the optimal time. He felt great: refreshed, optimistic, ready to jump out of bed.",
        "title": "The Perfect Match - Lightspeed Magazine",
        "author": "John Joseph Adams",
        "date": "2012-12-04T11:03:57+00:00",
        "website": "Lightspeed Magazine",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://fortune.com/2025/05/13/openai-ceo-sam-altman-says-gen-z-millennials-use-chatgpt-like-life-adviser/": {
        "excerpt": "Altman discussed how different generations use ChatGPT at a Sequoia Capital event.",
        "title": "OpenAI CEO Sam Altman says Gen Z and millennials are using ChatGPT like a 'life advisor'—but college students might be one step ahead | Fortune",
        "author": "Sydney Lake",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Fortune",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/2pkNCvBtK6G6FKoNn/so-you-think-you-ve-awoken-chatgpt": {
        "excerpt": "Written in an attempt to fulfill @Raemon's request. …",
        "title": "So You Think You've Awoken ChatGPT",
        "author": "JustisMills",
        "date": "2025-07-11T01:01:26.883Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denver": {
        "excerpt": "This article is about the city and county in Colorado. For other uses, see Denver (disambiguation).",
        "title": "Denver",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2001-09-26T14:34:32Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico_City": {
        "excerpt": "Mexico City",
        "title": "Mexico City",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2001-10-30T04:58:27Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://worksinprogress.co/issue/the-magic-of-through-running/": {
        "excerpt": "Commuter trains often stop at the edge of cities. Building a short tunnel to join them up is often by far the most efficient way to improve a city's transport.",
        "title": "The magic of through running",
        "author": "wip-admin",
        "date": "2025-06-12T08:15:50+00:00",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.businessinsider.com/the-8-fastest-elevators-in-the-world-2013-1": {
        "excerpt": "Check out the eight fastest elevators worldwide, showcasing engineering marvels that redefine vertical transportation.",
        "title": "Asian Skyscrapers Dominate A New List Of The World's Fastest Elevators",
        "author": "Megan Willett-Wei",
        "date": "2013-01-23T17:07:46Z",
        "website": "Business Insider",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://westhunt.wordpress.com/2012/03/23/a-sobering-thought/": {
        "excerpt": "In scuba diving, pressure increases by one atmosphere with each ten meters of depth.   As pressure increases, people breathing standard air mix gradually get silly.  This is mainly caused by the in…",
        "title": "A sobering thought",
        "author": "Posted on",
        "date": "2012-03-23T19:19:23+00:00",
        "website": "West Hunter",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1130736/": {
        "excerpt": "Nitrogen has recognized narcotic potential at hyperbaric pressures. No narcotic effect of helium has been demonstrated at any pressure. We evaluated the effect of nitrogen in air at one atmosphere on human performance by comparing it with helium-oxygen using a four-alternative divided-attention task …",
        "title": "The anesthetic effect of air at atmospheric pressure - PubMed",
        "author": "P M Winter, D L Bruce, M J Bach, G W Jay, E I Eger 2nd",
        "date": null,
        "website": "PubMed",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://web.archive.org/web/20080914174633/http://www.techdiver.ws/exotic_gases.shtml": {
        "excerpt": "Exotic diving gases",
        "title": "Exotic diving gases",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_toxicity": {
        "excerpt": "Oxygen toxicity is a condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing molecular oxygen (O2) at increased partial pressures. Severe cases can result in cell damage and death, with effects most often seen in the central nervous system, lungs, and eyes. Historically, the central nervous system condition was called the Paul Bert effect, and the pulmonary condition the Lorrain Smith effect, after the researchers who pioneered the discoveries and descriptions in the late 19th century. Oxygen toxicity is a concern for underwater divers, those on high concentrations of supplemental oxygen, and those undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapy.",
        "title": "Oxygen toxicity",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2004-02-09T20:09:06Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.ifixit.com/News/11986/iphones-are-allergic-to-helium": {
        "excerpt": "This is the kind of tale that you don’t hear every day. During the installation of a new MRI machine, a technician started getting calls that iPhones weren’t…",
        "title": "iPhones Are Allergic to Helium",
        "author": "Kyle Wiens",
        "date": "2025-09-26T16:18:07-07:00",
        "website": "iFixit",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/london-underground-average-monthly-temperatures/": {
        "excerpt": "Created 7 years ago, updated 5 months ago",
        "title": "London Underground Average Monthly Temperatures – London Datastore",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/59593576-venomous-lumpsucker": {
        "excerpt": "A dark and witty story of environmental collapse and ru…",
        "title": "Venomous Lumpsucker",
        "author": "Ned Beauman14 books388 followersFollowFollow",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Goodreads",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundreds_of_Beavers": {
        "excerpt": "",
        "title": "Hundreds of Beavers",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2024-02-28T21:58:49Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tallest_structures": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "List of tallest structures",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2003-01-07T22:54:29Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://asteriskmag.com/issues/05/lies-damned-lies-and-manometer-readings": {
        "excerpt": "America’s HVAC labor force is plagued by dishonesty and frequently incapable of meeting industry standards. Interventions in indoor air quality are the next frontier in pandemic prevention — but are they up to the task?",
        "title": "Lies, Damned Lies, and  Manometer Readings—Asterisk",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.worksinprogress.news/p/flipping-the-switch-on-far-uvc": {
        "excerpt": "We’ve known about far-UVC’s promise for a decade. Why isn't it everywhere?",
        "title": "Flipping the switch on far-UVC",
        "author": "Richard Williamson",
        "date": "2025-03-10T13:55:11+00:00",
        "website": "The Works in Progress Newsletter",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.directdebit.co.uk/": {
        "excerpt": "Welcome to the home of Direct Debit, the UK's favourite way to make payments automatically.",
        "title": "Direct Debit",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2017/752/regulation/77": {
        "excerpt": "These Regulations transpose in part Directive 2015/2366/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25th November 2015 on payment services in the internal market, amending Directives 2002/65/EC, 2009/110/EC and 2013/36/EU and Regulation (EU) No. 1093/2010, and repealing Directive 2007/64/EC (OJ L 337 23.12.2015, p.35) also known as the Revised Payment Services Directive or  “PSD2”. The Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”) is responsible for transposing other parts of PSD2. A transposition note setting out how PSD2 will be transposed into UK law is published with the Explanatory Memorandum to these Regulations on legislation.gov.uk.",
        "title": "The Payment Services Regulations 2017",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.bitsaboutmoney.com/": {
        "excerpt": "Biweekly newsletter about intersection of tech and finance. Deep dives into the plumbing that moves money and the businesses that build those pipes.",
        "title": "Bits about Money (@patio11)",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Bits about Money",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://stripe.com/gb/legal/acquirer-disclosure": {
        "excerpt": "Acquirer Disclosure",
        "title": "Acquirer Disclosure",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMV": {
        "excerpt": "EMV is a payment method based on a technical standard for smart payment cards and for payment terminals and automated teller machines which can accept them. EMV stands for \"Europay, Mastercard, and Visa\", the three companies that created the standard.[1]",
        "title": "EMV",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2004-02-07T11:40:40Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.bitsaboutmoney.com/archive/how-credit-cards-make-money/": {
        "excerpt": "Credit cards make money through net interest, interchange, fees, and marketing contributions.",
        "title": "How credit cards make money",
        "author": "Patrick McKenzie (patio11)",
        "date": "2021-11-05T16:05:00.000Z",
        "website": "Bits about Money",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durbin_amendment": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Durbin amendment",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2013-08-22T10:10:48Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.mastercard.com/us/en/business/support/merchant-surcharge-rules.html": {
        "excerpt": "Mastercard credit card surcharge rules and fees for merchants are based on product type and merchant category. Learn about disclosure requirements, surcharge caps and more.",
        "title": "Mastercard Credit Card Surcharge Rules and Fees for Merchants",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "Mastercard",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.psr.org.uk/": {
        "excerpt": "PSR works to make payment systems accessible, reliable, and fair. We promote competition, innovation, and protection for payment system users in the UK.",
        "title": "Home",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.graphcore.ai/posts/graphcore-joins-softbank-group-to-build-next-generation-of-ai-compute": {
        "excerpt": "Graphcore today announced that the company has been acquired by SoftBank Group.",
        "title": "Graphcore joins SoftBank Group to build next generation of AI compute",
        "author": "Nigel Toon",
        "date": "2024-07-11T22:59:06.000Z",
        "website": "Graphcore",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.ft.com/content/e33bab13-2d64-47f7-b0e2-9ba446296234": {
        "excerpt": "Deal will give Bristol-based company a resource boost while advancing the ‘next big bet’ of Masayoshi Son’s group",
        "title": "SoftBank buys UK chipmaker Graphcore in AI push",
        "author": "Tim Bradshaw, Ivan Levingston, David Keohane",
        "date": "2024-07-11T23:01:29.403Z",
        "website": "Financial Times",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://sifted.eu/articles/graphcore-cofounder-exits-company-one-year-on-from-softbank-acquisition": {
        "excerpt": "The departure follows the Japanese multinational buying the struggling Bristol-based chip maker in July last year",
        "title": "Graphcore cofounder exits company one year on from SoftBank acquisition | Sifted",
        "author": "Kai Nicol-Schwarz",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Sifted",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrel_processor": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Barrel processor",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2004-12-14T01:32:04Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://shape-of-code.com/2022/11/20/stochastic-rounding-reemerges/": {
        "excerpt": "Just like integer types, floating-point types are capable of representing a finite number of numeric values.  An important difference between integer and floating types is that the result of arithmetic and relational operations using integer types is exactly representable in an integer type (provided they don’t overflow), while the result of arithmetic operations using floating types may not be exactly representable in the corresponding floating type.",
        "title": "The Shape of Code » Stochastic rounding reemerges",
        "author": "Derek Jones",
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/data-center/gb200-nvl72/": {
        "excerpt": "Discover the powerful GB200 NVL72 GPU, engineered for AI workloads and next-gen data centers.",
        "title": "NVIDIA GB200 NVL72",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "NVIDIA",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://research.colfax-intl.com/cutlass-tutorial-writing-gemm-kernels-using-tensor-memory-for-nvidia-blackwell-gpus/": {
        "excerpt": "The NVIDIA Blackwell architecture introduces some new features that significantly change the shape of a GEMM kernel. In this series of posts, we explore the new features available on Blackwell and …",
        "title": "CUTLASS Tutorial: Writing GEMM Kernels Using Tensor Memory For NVIDIA® Blackwell GPUs",
        "author": null,
        "date": "2025-04-19T16:00:33+00:00",
        "website": "Colfax Research",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://hazyresearch.stanford.edu/blog/2024-05-12-tk": {
        "excerpt": "how make gpu fast?",
        "title": "GPUs Go Brrr",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://graphcore-research.github.io/publications/": {
        "excerpt": "The official Graphcore Research blog.",
        "title": "Our Papers",
        "author": "Graphcore Research",
        "date": null,
        "website": "Graphcore Research Blog",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://sites.research.google/trc/about/": {
        "excerpt": "TPU Research Cloud by Google",
        "title": "TPU Research Cloud - About",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.uktech.news/deep-tech/graphcore-microsoft-deal-20221010": {
        "excerpt": "The landmark deal between Graphcore and Microsoft has fallen through, causing key investors in the UK firm to devalue their stake.",
        "title": "Graphcore loses Microsoft deal as key investors write down stake value",
        "author": "Oscar Hornstein",
        "date": "2022-10-10T10:33:56+00:00",
        "website": "UKTN",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.gizchina.com/tech/tsmc-announces-its-first-3nm-ai-chip-customer-neither-apple-nor-huawei": {
        "excerpt": "TSMC announces its first 3nm AI chip customer - neither Apple nor Huawei. Graphcore Colossus will skip the 5nm process to launch a 3nm chip",
        "title": "TSMC announces its first 3nm AI chip customer - neither Apple nor Huawei",
        "author": "Efe Udin",
        "date": "2020-08-28T05:55:17.000Z",
        "website": "Gizchina",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.06865": {
        "excerpt": "The high computational and memory requirements of large language model (LLM) inference make it feasible only with multiple high-end accelerators. Motivated by the emerging demand for latency-insensitive tasks with batched processing, this paper initiates the study of high-throughput LLM inference using limited resources, such as a single commodity GPU. We present FlexGen, a high-throughput generation engine for running LLMs with limited GPU memory. FlexGen can be flexibly configured under various hardware resource constraints by aggregating memory and computation from the GPU, CPU, and disk. By solving a linear programming problem, it searches for efficient patterns to store and access tensors. FlexGen further compresses the weights and the attention cache to 4 bits with negligible accuracy loss. These techniques enable FlexGen to have a larger space of batch size choices and thus significantly increase maximum throughput. As a result, when running OPT-175B on a single 16GB GPU, FlexGen achieves significantly higher throughput compared to state-of-the-art offloading systems, reaching a generation throughput of 1 token/s for the first time with an effective batch size of 144. On the HELM benchmark, FlexGen can benchmark a 30B model with a 16GB GPU on 7 representative sub-scenarios in 21 hours. The code is available at https://github.com/FMInference/FlexGen",
        "title": "FlexGen: High-Throughput Generative Inference of Large Language Models with a Single GPU",
        "author": "[Submitted on 13 Mar 2023 (v1), last revised 12 Jun 2023 (this version, v2)]",
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.pytorch.org/tutorials/intermediate/FSDP_tutorial.html": {
        "excerpt": "PyTorch Documentation. Explore PyTorch, an open-source machine learning library that accelerates the path from research prototyping to production deployment. Discover tutorials, API references, and guides to help you build and deploy deep learning models efficiently.",
        "title": "Getting Started with Fully Sharded Data Parallel (FSDP2)",
        "author": "PyTorch Contributors",
        "date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.servethehome.com/hands-on-with-a-graphcore-c2-ipu-pcie-card-at-dell-tech-world/": {
        "excerpt": "We were able to get our hands on a Graphcore C2 IPU PCIe card at Dell Technologies World 2019 to show one of the hottest pieces of AI and deep learning tech",
        "title": "Hands-on With a Graphcore C2 IPU PCIe Card at Dell Tech World",
        "author": "Patrick Kennedy",
        "date": "2019-06-07T15:45:33+00:00",
        "website": "ServeTheHome",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.graphcore.ai/projects/C600-datasheet/en/latest/overview.html": {
        "excerpt": "The Graphcore® C600 IPU-Processor card is a dual-slot, full-height PCI Express Gen4 card containing Graphcore’s Mk2 IPU with FP8 support, designed to accelerate machine intelligence applications for both training and inference. All other components are supplied by industry-standard vendors. GC-C600 is the regulatory model for the C600 PCIe card.",
        "title": "1. Overview — C600 Datasheet",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.eetimes.com/graphcore-supercharges-ipu-with-wafer-on-wafer/": {
        "excerpt": "Graphcore Bow IPU AI processor, the first commercial WoW chip, boosts performance up to 40% using same design",
        "title": "Graphcore Supercharges IPU with Wafer-on-Wafer",
        "author": "Sally Ward-Foxton",
        "date": "2022-03-03T10:00:04+00:00",
        "website": "EE Times",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.graphcore.ai/posts/simple-fp16-and-fp8-training-with-unit-scaling": {
        "excerpt": "Unit Scaling is a new low-precision machine learning method able to train language models in FP16 and FP8 without loss scaling.",
        "title": "Simple FP16 and FP8 training with unit scaling",
        "author": "Charlie Blake",
        "date": "2023-03-29T10:38:56.000Z",
        "website": "Graphcore",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_law_of_thermodynamics": {
        "excerpt": "The second law of thermodynamics is a physical law based on universal empirical observation concerning heat and energy interconversions. A simple statement of the law is that heat always flows spontaneously from hotter to colder regions of matter (or 'downhill' in terms of the temperature gradient). Another statement is: \"Not all heat can be converted into work in a cyclic process.\"[1][2][3] These are informal definitions, however; more formal definitions appear below.",
        "title": "Second law of thermodynamics",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2002-10-24T19:45:24Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/gc-kernel-module-patch/": {
        "excerpt": "Graphcore kernel driver patched for modern kernels - osmarks/gc-kernel-module-patch",
        "title": "GitHub - osmarks/gc-kernel-module-patch: Graphcore kernel driver patched for modern kernels",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/osmarks/IPUpy-patch": {
        "excerpt": "jndean IPUpy patched for C600. Contribute to osmarks/IPUpy-patch development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - osmarks/IPUpy-patch: jndean IPUpy patched for C600",
        "author": "osmarks",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/jndean/IPUDOOM": {
        "excerpt": "DOOM (1993) ported to run on the IPU 👿. Contribute to jndean/IPUDOOM development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - jndean/IPUDOOM: DOOM (1993) ported to run on the IPU 👿",
        "author": "jndean",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.graphcore.ai/projects/command-line-tools/en/latest/introduction.html": {
        "excerpt": "Note: Searching from the top-level index page will search all documents. Searching from a specific document will search only that document.",
        "title": "1. Introduction — Graphcore Command Line Tools",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://huggingface.co/google/siglip-so400m-patch14-384": {
        "excerpt": "We’re on a journey to advance and democratize artificial intelligence through open source and open science.",
        "title": "google/siglip-so400m-patch14-384 · Hugging Face",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/mlfoundations/open_clip/blob/main/docs/model_profile.csv": {
        "excerpt": "An open source implementation of CLIP. Contribute to mlfoundations/open_clip development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "open_clip/docs/model_profile.csv at main · mlfoundations/open_clip",
        "author": "mlfoundations",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://docs.graphcore.ai/projects/ipu-programmers-guide/en/latest/about_ipu.html": {
        "excerpt": "The IPU is based on a highly parallel architecture designed to accelerate\nmachine learning applications. It provides very high floating-point performance\non mixed-precision floating-point data. The floating-point calculations are performed in\neither IEEE 754 single-precision floating-point or half-precision floating-point. The white paper contains details about all aspects of IPU floating-point number representation and arithmetic.",
        "title": "2. IPU hardware overview — IPU Programmer's Guide",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/graphcore/PopRT": {
        "excerpt": "Contribute to graphcore/PopRT development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - graphcore/PopRT",
        "author": "graphcore",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/graphcore/poptorch": {
        "excerpt": "PyTorch interface for the IPU. Contribute to graphcore/poptorch development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - graphcore/poptorch: PyTorch interface for the IPU",
        "author": "graphcore",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/graphcore-research/flash-attention-ipu": {
        "excerpt": "Poplar implementation of FlashAttention for IPU. Contribute to graphcore-research/flash-attention-ipu development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "GitHub - graphcore-research/flash-attention-ipu: Poplar implementation of FlashAttention for IPU",
        "author": "graphcore-research",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/graphcore-research/flash-attention-ipu/blob/main/demo/train.py": {
        "excerpt": "Poplar implementation of FlashAttention for IPU. Contribute to graphcore-research/flash-attention-ipu development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "flash-attention-ipu/demo/train.py at main · graphcore-research/flash-attention-ipu",
        "author": "graphcore-research",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.11901v3": {
        "excerpt": "This study characterizes GPU resilience in Delta HPC, a large-scale AI system that consists of 1,056 A100 and H100 GPUs, with over 1,300 petaflops of peak throughput. Delta HPC is operated by the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. We used 2.5 years of operational data (11.7 million GPU hours) on GPU errors. Our major findings include: (i) H100 GPU memory resilience is worse than A100 GPU memory, with 3.2x lower per-GPU MTBE for memory errors, (ii) The GPU memory error-recovery mechanisms on H100 GPUs are insufficient to handle the increased memory capacity, (iii) H100 GPUs demonstrate significantly improved GPU hardware resilience over A100 GPUs with respect to critical hardware components, (iv) GPU errors on both A100 and H100 GPUs frequently result in job failures due to the lack of robust recovery mechanisms at the application level, and (v) We project the impact of GPU node availability on larger-scales and find that significant overprovisioning of 5% is necessary to handle GPU failures.",
        "title": "Characterizing GPU Resilience and Impact on AI/HPC Systems",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "arXiv.org",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.graphcore.ai/posts/accelerating-resnet50-training-on-the-ipu-behind-our-mlperf-benchmark": {
        "excerpt": "Graphcore researchers and engineers explain how they achieved dramatic performance results for the popular computer vision model.",
        "title": "Accelerating ResNet-50 Training on the IPU for MLPerf",
        "author": "Dr. Mario Michael Krell, Zhenying Liu, Emmanuel Menage, and Bartosz Bogdanski",
        "date": "2022-01-17T09:07:39.000Z",
        "website": "Graphcore",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/tenstorrent/tt-isa-documentation/blob/main/WormholeB0/TensixTile/TensixCoprocessor/SFPSTOCHRND_FloatFloat.md": {
        "excerpt": "Contribute to tenstorrent/tt-isa-documentation development by creating an account on GitHub.",
        "title": "tt-isa-documentation/WormholeB0/TensixTile/TensixCoprocessor/SFPSTOCHRND_FloatFloat.md at main · tenstorrent/tt-isa-documentation",
        "author": "tenstorrent",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://github.com/triton-lang/triton/pull/7298": {
        "excerpt": "Rewrite the attention kernel to be persistent. This gives better performance at low-contexts. However, fp16 at large context has suffered a bit due to a ptxas instruction scheduling issue in the so...",
        "title": "[Gluon][Tutorial] Persistent attention by Mogball · Pull Request #7298 · triton-lang/triton",
        "author": "Mogball",
        "date": null,
        "website": "GitHub",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler%27s_critical_load": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Euler's critical load",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2015-11-07T13:46:17Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young%27s_modulus": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Young's modulus",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2003-05-16T19:22:56Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Clay": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "London Clay",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2004-07-30T05:33:48Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://worksinprogress.co/issue/lab-grown-diamonds/": {
        "excerpt": "Synthetic diamonds are now purer, more beautiful, and vastly cheaper than mined diamonds. Beating nature took decades of hard graft and millions of pounds of pressure.",
        "title": "Lab-grown diamonds - Works in Progress Magazine",
        "author": "Javid Lakha",
        "date": "2024-08-30T16:00:00+00:00",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8951216/": {
        "excerpt": "Nowadays, synthetic diamonds are easy to fabricate industrially, and a wide range of methods were developed during the last century. Among them, the high-pressure–high-temperature (HP–HT) process is the most used to prepare diamond compacts for ...",
        "title": "A Review of Binderless Polycrystalline Diamonds: Focus on the High-Pressure–High-Temperature Sintering Process",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "PubMed Central (PMC)",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://nanosyste.ms/": {
        "excerpt": "Written by a leading researcher in the field and one of its founders, Nanosystems is the first technical introduction to molecular nanotechnology. 'Devices enormously smaller than before will remodel engineering, chemistry, medicine, and computer technology. How can we understand machines that are so small? Nanosystems covers it all: power and strength, friction and wear, thermal noise and quantum uncertainty. This is the book for starting the next century of engineering.' - Marvin Minsky",
        "title": "Nanosystems by K. Eric Drexler",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient_of_performance": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Coefficient of performance",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2004-03-21T17:19:43Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Speed_2": {
        "excerpt": "The planned extent of HS2 as of October 2023",
        "title": "High Speed 2",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2007-06-23T13:57:16Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://richmondcanoeclub.com/members/flow/kingston/": {
        "excerpt": "Other stations:",
        "title": "River Thames Flow at Kingston Bridge – Richmond Canoe Club",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canals_of_the_United_Kingdom": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "Canals of the United Kingdom",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2004-08-23T10:53:06Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.gem.wiki/POSCO_Gwangyang_steel_plant": {
        "excerpt": "POSCO Gwangyang steel plant, also known as Pohang Iron & Steel Gwangyang, is a steel plant in Gwangyang, South Jeolla, South Korea that operates blast furnace (BF), basic oxygen furnace (BOF), direct reduced iron (DRI), and electric arc furnace (EAF) technology.",
        "title": "POSCO Gwangyang steel plant - Global Energy Monitor",
        "author": "Global Energy Monitor",
        "date": "2026-03-30T18:00:25Z",
        "website": "Global Energy Monitor",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://newsroom.posco.com/en/posco-steelworks-create-forests-from-within/": {
        "excerpt": "Posco Newsroom",
        "title": "POSCO Steelworks Create Forests from Within",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doggerland": {
        "excerpt": "Doggerland was a large area of land in Northern Europe, now submerged beneath the southern North Sea. This region was repeatedly exposed at various times during the Pleistocene epoch due to the lowering of sea levels during glacial periods. However, the term \"Doggerland\" is generally specifically used for this region during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene. During the early Holocene following the glacial retreat at the end of the Last Glacial Period, the exposed land area of Doggerland stretched across the region between what is now the east coast of Great Britain, northern France, Belgium, the Netherlands, north-western Germany, and the Danish peninsula of Jutland. Between 10,000 and 7,000 years ago, Doggerland was inundated by rising sea levels, disintegrating initially into a series of low-lying islands before submerging completely.[1][2] The impact of the tsunami generated by the Storegga underwater landslide c. 8,200 years ago on Doggerland is controversial.[1] The flooded land is known as the Dogger Littoral.[3]",
        "title": "Doggerland",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2007-01-03T20:41:11Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/sizing-ducts-d_207.html": {
        "excerpt": "The velocity reduction method can be used when sizing air ducts.",
        "title": "Ducts Sizing - the Velocity Reduction Method",
        "author": "Editor Engineeringtoolbox",
        "date": "2003-02-16T04:25:03Z",
        "website": null,
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK219009": {
        "excerpt": "Although the variety of airplanes operating throughout the world is large, the basic designs of the environmental control systems (ECSs) used on most aircraft in commercial service are remarkably similar. In simplified terms, air is first compressed to high pressure and temperature and then conditioned in an environmental control unit (ECU), where excess moisture is removed and the temperature necessary for heating or cooling the airplane is established. The conditioned air is then delivered to the cabin and cockpit to maintain a comfortable environment.",
        "title": "Environmental Control Systems on Commercial Passenger Aircraft",
        "author": null,
        "date": null,
        "website": "NCBI Bookshelf",
        "auto": true
    },
    "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Concentration_City": {
        "excerpt": "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia",
        "title": "The Concentration City",
        "author": "Contributors to Wikimedia projects",
        "date": "2008-05-08T01:28:18Z",
        "website": "Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.",
        "auto": true
    }
}