diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/Check.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/Check.kt
index 2c0ef8fe77a..df7678d59d3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/Check.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/Check.kt
@@ -108,5 +108,4 @@ private val RUNTIME_JACKSON_VERSIONS: List<Version> =
         com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.cfg.PackageVersion.VERSION,
         com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jdk8.PackageVersion.VERSION,
         com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.PackageVersion.VERSION,
-        com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.PackageVersion.VERSION,
     )
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/ObjectMappers.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/ObjectMappers.kt
index 3b4c3b54663..a6755966fed 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/ObjectMappers.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/ObjectMappers.kt
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.module.SimpleModule
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.type.LogicalType
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jdk8.Jdk8Module
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype.jsr310.JavaTimeModule
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.kotlinModule
 import java.io.InputStream
 import java.time.DateTimeException
 import java.time.LocalDate
@@ -47,7 +46,6 @@ import java.time.temporal.ChronoField
 
 fun jsonMapper(): JsonMapper =
     JsonMapper.builder()
-        .addModule(kotlinModule())
         .addModule(Jdk8Module())
         .addModule(JavaTimeModule())
         .addModule(
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/handlers/JsonHandler.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/handlers/JsonHandler.kt
index c452f2eb0b5..28663fea207 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/handlers/JsonHandler.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/handlers/JsonHandler.kt
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 package com.google.genai.interactions.core.handlers
 
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.json.JsonMapper
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.http.HttpResponse
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.http.HttpResponse.Handler
 import com.google.genai.interactions.errors.GeminiNextGenApiInvalidDataException
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/http/SseMessage.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/http/SseMessage.kt
index 532387727bc..1cb79d5c9e8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/http/SseMessage.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/core/http/SseMessage.kt
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 package com.google.genai.interactions.core.http
 
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.json.JsonMapper
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.errors.GeminiNextGenApiInvalidDataException
 import java.util.Objects
 
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ private constructor(
 
     inline fun <reified T> json(): T =
         try {
-            jsonMapper.readerFor(jacksonTypeRef<T>()).readValue(jsonNode)
+            jsonMapper.readerFor(object : TypeReference<T>() {}).readValue(jsonNode)
         } catch (e: Exception) {
             throw GeminiNextGenApiInvalidDataException("Error reading response", e)
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Annotation.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Annotation.kt
index 63870942e7d..a13389c3a78 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Annotation.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Annotation.kt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.JsonValue
@@ -204,17 +204,17 @@ private constructor(
 
             when (type) {
                 "url_citation" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<UrlCitation>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<UrlCitation>() {})?.let {
                         Annotation(urlCitation = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Annotation(_json = json)
                 }
                 "file_citation" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<FileCitation>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<FileCitation>() {})?.let {
                         Annotation(fileCitation = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Annotation(_json = json)
                 }
                 "place_citation" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<PlaceCitation>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<PlaceCitation>() {})?.let {
                         Annotation(placeCitation = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Annotation(_json = json)
                 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Content.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Content.kt
index e59b2ed98bf..d4308cd620a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Content.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Content.kt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.JsonValue
@@ -247,27 +247,27 @@ private constructor(
 
             when (type) {
                 "text" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextContent>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextContent>() {})?.let {
                         Content(text = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Content(_json = json)
                 }
                 "image" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageContent>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageContent>() {})?.let {
                         Content(image = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Content(_json = json)
                 }
                 "audio" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<AudioContent>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<AudioContent>() {})?.let {
                         Content(audio = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Content(_json = json)
                 }
                 "document" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<DocumentContent>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<DocumentContent>() {})?.let {
                         Content(document = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Content(_json = json)
                 }
                 "video" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<VideoContent>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<VideoContent>() {})?.let {
                         Content(video = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Content(_json = json)
                 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/CreateAgentInteractionParams.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/CreateAgentInteractionParams.kt
index 94cd32d078d..918d3a6f445 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/CreateAgentInteractionParams.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/CreateAgentInteractionParams.kt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.Enum
@@ -1635,28 +1635,28 @@ private constructor(
 
                 val bestMatches =
                     sequenceOf(
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(textContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(imageContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<AudioContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<AudioContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(audioContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<DocumentContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<DocumentContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(documentContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<VideoContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<VideoContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(videoContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<String>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<String>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(string = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<List<Step>>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<List<Step>>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(stepList = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<List<Content>>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<List<Content>>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(contentList = it, _json = json)
                             },
                         )
@@ -1848,12 +1848,12 @@ private constructor(
 
                 when (type) {
                     "dynamic" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<DynamicAgentConfig>())?.let {
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<DynamicAgentConfig>() {})?.let {
                             AgentConfig(dynamic = it, _json = json)
                         } ?: AgentConfig(_json = json)
                     }
                     "deep-research" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<DeepResearchAgentConfig>())
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<DeepResearchAgentConfig>() {})
                             ?.let { AgentConfig(deepResearch = it, _json = json) }
                             ?: AgentConfig(_json = json)
                     }
@@ -2116,22 +2116,22 @@ private constructor(
 
                 val bestMatches =
                     sequenceOf(
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<AudioResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<AudioResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(audio = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(text = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(image = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<VideoResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<VideoResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(video = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<List<InnerResponseFormat>>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<List<InnerResponseFormat>>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(list = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<JsonValue>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<JsonValue>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(jsonValue = it, _json = json)
                             },
                         )
@@ -2387,19 +2387,19 @@ private constructor(
 
                     val bestMatches =
                         sequenceOf(
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<AudioResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<AudioResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(audio = it, _json = json)
                                 },
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(text = it, _json = json)
                                 },
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(image = it, _json = json)
                                 },
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<VideoResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<VideoResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(video = it, _json = json)
                                 },
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<JsonValue>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<JsonValue>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(jsonValue = it, _json = json)
                                 },
                             )
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/CreateModelInteractionParams.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/CreateModelInteractionParams.kt
index 8594fce1a80..adf34a65e21 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/CreateModelInteractionParams.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/CreateModelInteractionParams.kt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.Enum
@@ -1490,28 +1490,28 @@ private constructor(
 
                 val bestMatches =
                     sequenceOf(
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(textContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(imageContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<AudioContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<AudioContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(audioContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<DocumentContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<DocumentContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(documentContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<VideoContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<VideoContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(videoContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<String>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<String>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(string = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<List<Step>>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<List<Step>>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(stepList = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<List<Content>>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<List<Content>>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(contentList = it, _json = json)
                             },
                         )
@@ -1790,22 +1790,22 @@ private constructor(
 
                 val bestMatches =
                     sequenceOf(
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<AudioResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<AudioResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(audio = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(text = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(image = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<VideoResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<VideoResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(video = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<List<InnerResponseFormat>>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<List<InnerResponseFormat>>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(list = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<JsonValue>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<JsonValue>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(jsonValue = it, _json = json)
                             },
                         )
@@ -2061,19 +2061,19 @@ private constructor(
 
                     val bestMatches =
                         sequenceOf(
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<AudioResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<AudioResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(audio = it, _json = json)
                                 },
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(text = it, _json = json)
                                 },
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(image = it, _json = json)
                                 },
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<VideoResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<VideoResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(video = it, _json = json)
                                 },
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<JsonValue>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<JsonValue>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(jsonValue = it, _json = json)
                                 },
                             )
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/FunctionResultStep.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/FunctionResultStep.kt
index 493092aec42..c65e6d6ed37 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/FunctionResultStep.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/FunctionResultStep.kt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.ExcludeMissing
@@ -535,12 +535,12 @@ private constructor(
 
                 val bestMatches =
                     sequenceOf(
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<String>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<String>() {})?.let {
                                 Result(string = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<List<FunctionResultSubcontent>>())
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<List<FunctionResultSubcontent>>() {})
                                 ?.let { Result(functionResultSubcontentList = it, _json = json) },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<JsonValue>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<JsonValue>() {})?.let {
                                 Result(jsonValue = it, _json = json)
                             },
                         )
@@ -728,12 +728,12 @@ private constructor(
 
                     when (type) {
                         "text" -> {
-                            return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextContent>())?.let {
+                            return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextContent>() {})?.let {
                                 FunctionResultSubcontent(text = it, _json = json)
                             } ?: FunctionResultSubcontent(_json = json)
                         }
                         "image" -> {
-                            return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageContent>())?.let {
+                            return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageContent>() {})?.let {
                                 FunctionResultSubcontent(image = it, _json = json)
                             } ?: FunctionResultSubcontent(_json = json)
                         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/GenerationConfig.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/GenerationConfig.kt
index dd29cf4c0cd..e80b580c900 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/GenerationConfig.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/GenerationConfig.kt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.Enum
@@ -838,10 +838,10 @@ private constructor(
 
                 val bestMatches =
                     sequenceOf(
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ToolChoiceType>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ToolChoiceType>() {})?.let {
                                 ToolChoice(type = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ToolChoiceConfig>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ToolChoiceConfig>() {})?.let {
                                 ToolChoice(config = it, _json = json)
                             },
                         )
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Interaction.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Interaction.kt
index f13f058645a..e77d0c972a7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Interaction.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Interaction.kt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.Enum
@@ -1627,12 +1627,12 @@ private constructor(
 
                 when (type) {
                     "dynamic" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<DynamicAgentConfig>())?.let {
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<DynamicAgentConfig>() {})?.let {
                             AgentConfig(dynamic = it, _json = json)
                         } ?: AgentConfig(_json = json)
                     }
                     "deep-research" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<DeepResearchAgentConfig>())
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<DeepResearchAgentConfig>() {})
                             ?.let { AgentConfig(deepResearch = it, _json = json) }
                             ?: AgentConfig(_json = json)
                     }
@@ -1956,28 +1956,28 @@ private constructor(
 
                 val bestMatches =
                     sequenceOf(
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(textContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(imageContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<AudioContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<AudioContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(audioContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<DocumentContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<DocumentContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(documentContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<VideoContent>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<VideoContent>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(videoContent = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<String>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<String>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(string = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<List<Step>>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<List<Step>>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(stepList = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<List<Content>>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<List<Content>>() {})?.let {
                                 Input(contentList = it, _json = json)
                             },
                         )
@@ -2256,22 +2256,22 @@ private constructor(
 
                 val bestMatches =
                     sequenceOf(
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<AudioResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<AudioResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(audio = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(text = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(image = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<VideoResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<VideoResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(video = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<List<InnerResponseFormat>>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<List<InnerResponseFormat>>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(list = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<JsonValue>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<JsonValue>() {})?.let {
                                 ResponseFormat(jsonValue = it, _json = json)
                             },
                         )
@@ -2527,19 +2527,19 @@ private constructor(
 
                     val bestMatches =
                         sequenceOf(
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<AudioResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<AudioResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(audio = it, _json = json)
                                 },
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(text = it, _json = json)
                                 },
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(image = it, _json = json)
                                 },
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<VideoResponseFormat>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<VideoResponseFormat>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(video = it, _json = json)
                                 },
-                                tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<JsonValue>())?.let {
+                                tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<JsonValue>() {})?.let {
                                     InnerResponseFormat(jsonValue = it, _json = json)
                                 },
                             )
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/InteractionCreateParams.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/InteractionCreateParams.kt
index 9a2e05239f2..878d27dbbf2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/InteractionCreateParams.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/InteractionCreateParams.kt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.JsonValue
@@ -411,9 +411,9 @@ private constructor(
 
                 val bestMatches =
                     sequenceOf(
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<CreateModelInteractionParams>())
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<CreateModelInteractionParams>() {})
                                 ?.let { Body(createModelInteractionParams = it, _json = json) },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<CreateAgentInteractionParams>())
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<CreateAgentInteractionParams>() {})
                                 ?.let { Body(createAgentInteractionParams = it, _json = json) },
                         )
                         .filterNotNull()
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/InteractionSseEvent.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/InteractionSseEvent.kt
index 97700613749..a5dd75c274c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/InteractionSseEvent.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/InteractionSseEvent.kt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.JsonValue
@@ -281,37 +281,37 @@ private constructor(
 
             when (eventType) {
                 "interaction.created" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<InteractionCreatedEvent>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<InteractionCreatedEvent>() {})?.let {
                         InteractionSseEvent(created = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: InteractionSseEvent(_json = json)
                 }
                 "interaction.completed" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<InteractionCompletedEvent>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<InteractionCompletedEvent>() {})?.let {
                         InteractionSseEvent(completed = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: InteractionSseEvent(_json = json)
                 }
                 "interaction.status_update" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<InteractionStatusUpdate>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<InteractionStatusUpdate>() {})?.let {
                         InteractionSseEvent(statusUpdate = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: InteractionSseEvent(_json = json)
                 }
                 "error" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ErrorEvent>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ErrorEvent>() {})?.let {
                         InteractionSseEvent(error = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: InteractionSseEvent(_json = json)
                 }
                 "step.start" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<StepStart>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<StepStart>() {})?.let {
                         InteractionSseEvent(stepStart = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: InteractionSseEvent(_json = json)
                 }
                 "step.delta" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<StepDelta>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<StepDelta>() {})?.let {
                         InteractionSseEvent(stepDelta = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: InteractionSseEvent(_json = json)
                 }
                 "step.stop" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<StepStop>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<StepStop>() {})?.let {
                         InteractionSseEvent(stepStop = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: InteractionSseEvent(_json = json)
                 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/McpServerToolResultStep.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/McpServerToolResultStep.kt
index 81da5319e81..fd3f35bab2c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/McpServerToolResultStep.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/McpServerToolResultStep.kt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.ExcludeMissing
@@ -538,12 +538,12 @@ private constructor(
 
                 val bestMatches =
                     sequenceOf(
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<String>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<String>() {})?.let {
                                 Result(string = it, _json = json)
                             },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<List<FunctionResultSubcontent>>())
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<List<FunctionResultSubcontent>>() {})
                                 ?.let { Result(functionResultSubcontentList = it, _json = json) },
-                            tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<JsonValue>())?.let {
+                            tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<JsonValue>() {})?.let {
                                 Result(jsonValue = it, _json = json)
                             },
                         )
@@ -731,12 +731,12 @@ private constructor(
 
                     when (type) {
                         "text" -> {
-                            return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextContent>())?.let {
+                            return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextContent>() {})?.let {
                                 FunctionResultSubcontent(text = it, _json = json)
                             } ?: FunctionResultSubcontent(_json = json)
                         }
                         "image" -> {
-                            return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageContent>())?.let {
+                            return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageContent>() {})?.let {
                                 FunctionResultSubcontent(image = it, _json = json)
                             } ?: FunctionResultSubcontent(_json = json)
                         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Step.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Step.kt
index 973fe6d71b4..83c7cffe310 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Step.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Step.kt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.JsonValue
@@ -611,87 +611,87 @@ private constructor(
 
             when (type) {
                 "user_input" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<UserInputStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<UserInputStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(userInput = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "model_output" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ModelOutputStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ModelOutputStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(modelOutput = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "thought" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ThoughtStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ThoughtStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(thought = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "function_call" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<FunctionCallStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<FunctionCallStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(functionCall = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "code_execution_call" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<CodeExecutionCallStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<CodeExecutionCallStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(codeExecutionCall = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "url_context_call" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<UrlContextCallStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<UrlContextCallStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(urlContextCall = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "mcp_server_tool_call" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<McpServerToolCallStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<McpServerToolCallStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(mcpServerToolCall = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "google_search_call" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<GoogleSearchCallStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<GoogleSearchCallStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(googleSearchCall = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "file_search_call" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<FileSearchCallStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<FileSearchCallStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(fileSearchCall = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "google_maps_call" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<GoogleMapsCallStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<GoogleMapsCallStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(googleMapsCall = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "function_result" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<FunctionResultStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<FunctionResultStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(functionResult = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "code_execution_result" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<CodeExecutionResultStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<CodeExecutionResultStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(codeExecutionResult = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "url_context_result" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<UrlContextResultStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<UrlContextResultStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(urlContextResult = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "google_search_result" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<GoogleSearchResultStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<GoogleSearchResultStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(googleSearchResult = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "mcp_server_tool_result" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<McpServerToolResultStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<McpServerToolResultStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(mcpServerToolResult = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "file_search_result" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<FileSearchResultStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<FileSearchResultStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(fileSearchResult = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
                 "google_maps_result" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<GoogleMapsResultStep>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<GoogleMapsResultStep>() {})?.let {
                         Step(googleMapsResult = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Step(_json = json)
                 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/StepDelta.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/StepDelta.kt
index 0cd11c9fb3d..9440e058438 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/StepDelta.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/StepDelta.kt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.Enum
@@ -619,47 +619,47 @@ private constructor(
 
                 when (type) {
                     "text" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<Text>())?.let {
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<Text>() {})?.let {
                             Delta(text = it, _json = json)
                         } ?: Delta(_json = json)
                     }
                     "image" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<Image>())?.let {
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<Image>() {})?.let {
                             Delta(image = it, _json = json)
                         } ?: Delta(_json = json)
                     }
                     "audio" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<Audio>())?.let {
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<Audio>() {})?.let {
                             Delta(audio = it, _json = json)
                         } ?: Delta(_json = json)
                     }
                     "document" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<Document>())?.let {
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<Document>() {})?.let {
                             Delta(document = it, _json = json)
                         } ?: Delta(_json = json)
                     }
                     "video" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<Video>())?.let {
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<Video>() {})?.let {
                             Delta(video = it, _json = json)
                         } ?: Delta(_json = json)
                     }
                     "thought_summary" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ThoughtSummary>())?.let {
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ThoughtSummary>() {})?.let {
                             Delta(thoughtSummary = it, _json = json)
                         } ?: Delta(_json = json)
                     }
                     "thought_signature" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ThoughtSignature>())?.let {
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ThoughtSignature>() {})?.let {
                             Delta(thoughtSignature = it, _json = json)
                         } ?: Delta(_json = json)
                     }
                     "text_annotation_delta" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextAnnotationDelta>())?.let {
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextAnnotationDelta>() {})?.let {
                             Delta(textAnnotation = it, _json = json)
                         } ?: Delta(_json = json)
                     }
                     "arguments_delta" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ArgumentsDelta>())?.let {
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ArgumentsDelta>() {})?.let {
                             Delta(arguments = it, _json = json)
                         } ?: Delta(_json = json)
                     }
@@ -3401,12 +3401,12 @@ private constructor(
 
                         when (type) {
                             "text" -> {
-                                return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextContent>())?.let {
+                                return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextContent>() {})?.let {
                                     Content(text = it, _json = json)
                                 } ?: Content(_json = json)
                             }
                             "image" -> {
-                                return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageContent>())?.let {
+                                return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageContent>() {})?.let {
                                     Content(image = it, _json = json)
                                 } ?: Content(_json = json)
                             }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/ThoughtStep.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/ThoughtStep.kt
index fff862beaac..2a1ed3a70b7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/ThoughtStep.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/ThoughtStep.kt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.ExcludeMissing
@@ -418,12 +418,12 @@ private constructor(
 
                 when (type) {
                     "text" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<TextContent>())?.let {
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<TextContent>() {})?.let {
                             Summary(text = it, _json = json)
                         } ?: Summary(_json = json)
                     }
                     "image" -> {
-                        return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ImageContent>())?.let {
+                        return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ImageContent>() {})?.let {
                             Summary(image = it, _json = json)
                         } ?: Summary(_json = json)
                     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Tool.kt b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Tool.kt
index 78e56629800..d1059e11310 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Tool.kt
+++ b/src/main/java/com/google/genai/interactions/models/interactions/Tool.kt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonDeserialize
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonTypeRef
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseDeserializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.BaseSerializer
 import com.google.genai.interactions.core.Enum
@@ -387,47 +387,47 @@ private constructor(
 
             when (type) {
                 "function" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<Function>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<Function>() {})?.let {
                         Tool(function = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Tool(_json = json)
                 }
                 "code_execution" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<JsonValue>())
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<JsonValue>() {})
                         ?.let { Tool(codeExecution = it, _json = json) }
                         ?.takeIf { it.isValid() } ?: Tool(_json = json)
                 }
                 "url_context" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<JsonValue>())
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<JsonValue>() {})
                         ?.let { Tool(urlContext = it, _json = json) }
                         ?.takeIf { it.isValid() } ?: Tool(_json = json)
                 }
                 "computer_use" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<ComputerUse>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<ComputerUse>() {})?.let {
                         Tool(computerUse = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Tool(_json = json)
                 }
                 "mcp_server" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<McpServer>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<McpServer>() {})?.let {
                         Tool(mcpServer = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Tool(_json = json)
                 }
                 "google_search" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<GoogleSearch>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<GoogleSearch>() {})?.let {
                         Tool(googleSearch = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Tool(_json = json)
                 }
                 "file_search" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<FileSearch>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<FileSearch>() {})?.let {
                         Tool(fileSearch = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Tool(_json = json)
                 }
                 "google_maps" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<GoogleMaps>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<GoogleMaps>() {})?.let {
                         Tool(googleMaps = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Tool(_json = json)
                 }
                 "retrieval" -> {
-                    return tryDeserialize(node, jacksonTypeRef<Retrieval>())?.let {
+                    return tryDeserialize(node, object : TypeReference<Retrieval>() {})?.let {
                         Tool(retrieval = it, _json = json)
                     } ?: Tool(_json = json)
                 }